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Differential patterns of spontaneous experiential response to a hypnotic induction: A latent profile analysis

2010

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2006 Grants
    - 054 - Heterogeneity in high hypnotic suggestibility and its implications for the study of anomalous experiences
      - Differential patterns of spontaneous experiential response to a hypnotic induction: A latent profile analysis

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2006
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:	2006 Grants
Start date:	2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:	22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2006-054
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2006
Title:	054 - Heterogeneity in high hypnotic suggestibility and its implications for the study of anomalous experiences
Duration:	2007-09 - 2010-10
Researcher(s):	Devin Blair Terhune, Etzel Cardeña
Institution(s):	Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund (Sweden)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress reports Final report 5 Articles (published or submitted)
Language:	eng
Author:	Terhune, D. B.
Secondary author(s):	Cardeña, E.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Parapsychology and Psychophysiology / Anomalous cognition/experiences / Altered states of consciousness / Hypnosis / Cognitive processes / Consciousness / Personality factors / Brain structure and function

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2006-054.06
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2006
Title:	Differential patterns of spontaneous experiential response to a hypnotic induction: A latent profile analysis
Publication year:	2010
URL:	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810010000607
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: A hypnotic induction produces different patterns of spontaneous experiences across individuals. The magnitude and characteristics of these responses covary moderately with hypnotic suggestibility, but also differ within levels of hypnotic suggestibility. This study sought to identify discrete phenomenological profiles in response to a hypnotic induction and assess whether experiential variability among highly suggestible individuals matches the phenomenological profiles predicted by dissociative typological models of high hypnotic suggestibility. Phenomenological state scores indexed in reference to a resting epoch during hypnosis were submitted to a latent profile analysis. The profiles in the derived four-class solution differed in multiple experiential dimensions and hypnotic suggestibility. Highly suggestible individuals were distributed across two classes that exhibited response patterns suggesting an inward attention subtype and a dissociative subtype. These results provide support for dissociative typological models of high hypnotic suggestibility and indicate that highly suggestible individuals do not display a uniform response to a hypnotic induction.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:	By permission
Language:	eng
Author:	Terhune, D. B.
Secondary author(s):	Cardeña, E.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	3
Reference:	Terhune, D. B., & Cardeña, E. (2010). Differential patterns of spontaneous experiential response to a hypnotic induction: A latent profile analysis. Consciousness and Cognition, 19(4), 1140-1150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2010.03.006
2-year Impact Factor:	2.179\|2010
Times cited:	46\|2025-02-07
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q2
Keywords:	Hypnosis / Hypnotic susceptibility / Dissociation / Fantasy proneness / Involuntariness / Phenomenology / Typology / Latent profile analysis
Differential patterns of spontaneous experiential response to a hypnotic induction: A latent profile analysis

Document

A qualitative exploration of sensing the presence of the deceased following bereavement

2013

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2008 Grants
    - 118 - An interpretative phenomenological analysis of anomalous experience at the end-of-life
      - A qualitative exploration of sensing the presence of the deceased following bereavement

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:	2008 Grants
Start date:	2009-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008-118
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 23/2008
Title:	118 - An interpretative phenomenological analysis of anomalous experience at the end-of-life
Duration:	2009-11 - 2015-09
Researcher(s):	Craig Murray, Joanne Murray
Institution(s):	Division of Health Research, Lancaster University (UK)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress reports Article Unpublished documents Final report
Language:	eng
Author:	Murray, C.
Secondary author(s):	Murray, J.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Survival after bodily death / Apparitions/haunting / Deathbed phenomena

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008-118.02
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 23/2008
Title:	A qualitative exploration of sensing the presence of the deceased following bereavement
Publication year:	2013
URL:	http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/ref/10.1080/13576275.2013.819320#tabModule
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: The present study sought to explore the meaning-making people engage in with regard to their experience of sensing the presence of the deceased and to focus on the experience of sensing the presence of the deceased through one of the sensory modalities. Interviews were carried out with eight bereaved adults. Transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Analysis identified four superordinate themes. ‘There’s only one person that ever did that’: Sense of presence as a unique and personally distinctive experience referred to participants’ descriptions of the nature of the experiences reflecting the character of the deceased person or aspects of their relationship. ‘I do believe in all that, I’ve experienced it beforehand’: Prior beliefs and understanding sense of presence consisted of the process participants used to try and make sense of their experiences. ‘It’s not frightening anymore’: The changing emotional impact of the experience explored the different emotional impacts of the experiences. ‘They will look at you like you’re crazy’: The importance of sense-of-presence experiences being validated by others referred to concerns about being stigmatised by others as a result of the experiences as well as positive self-perceptions. The themes are interpreted in the context of previous literature and novel ideas about meaning-making and positive self-perceptions are highlighted. Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:	By permission
Language:	eng
Author:	Keen, C.
Secondary author(s):	Murray, C., Payne, S.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	2
Reference:	Keen, C., Murray, C., & Payne, S. (2013). A qualitative exploration of sensing the presence of the deceased following bereavement. Mortality: Promoting the interdisciplinary study of death and dying, 18(4), 339-357. https://doi.org/10.1080/13576275.2013.819320
2-year Impact Factor:	N/A
Impact factor notes:	Impact factor computed since 2022
Times cited:	N/A
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	N/A
Keywords:	Bereavement / Meaning-making / Phenomenology / Qualitative study / Sensed presence

Document

The source of mediums’ information: A quantitative phenomenological analysis

2013

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2010 Grants
    - 058 - Somatic psi vs. Survival psi: A quantitative investigation of mediums’ phenomenology comparing psychic readings and ostensible communication with the deceased
      - The source of mediums’ information: A quantitative phenomenological analysis

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2010
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 23
Title:	2010 Grants
Start date:	2011-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2010-058
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 3/2010
Title:	058 - Somatic psi vs. Survival psi: A quantitative investigation of mediums’ phenomenology comparing psychic readings and ostensible communication with the deceased
Duration:	2011-03 - 2013-02
Researcher(s):	Julie Beischel, Adam Rock, Mark Boccuzzi, Michael Biuso
Institution(s):	The Windbridge Institute for Applied Research in Human Potential, Tucson (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report
Abstract/Results:	Dr. Julie Beischel, Dr. Adam J. Rock, Dr. Mark Boccuzzi, Dr. Michael Biuso
Accessibility:	The Windbridge Institute for Applied Research in Human Potential, Tucson (USA)
Language:	eng
Author:	Beischel, J.
Secondary author(s):	Rock, A. J., Boccuzzi, M., Biuso, M.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Survival after bodily death / Mediumship

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2010-058.02
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 3/2010
Title:	The source of mediums’ information: A quantitative phenomenological analysis
Publication year:	2013
URL:	http://www.scientificexploration.org/meetings/program_32nd_annual.pdf
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: Previous research has demonstrated that skilled mediums can report accurate and specific information about the deceased loved ones (termed discarnates) of living people (termed sitters) using anomalous information reception (AIR); that is, without any prior knowledge about the discarnates or sitters, in the absence of any sensory feedback, and without using deceptive means. The source of the information obtained using AIR, however, has not been established. The body of proof-focused data collected to date cannot differentiate among (1) super-psi; (2) psychic reservoir models (collectively “somatic psi”) in which mediums use clairvoyance, precognition, and/or telepathy with the living to acquire information about discarnates; and (3) the survival of consciousness hypothesis in which mediums use “survival psi” to communicate telepathically with discarnates. Recent qualitative research, however, indicates that mediums’ subjective experiences during mediumship readings for the deceased are distinguishable from their experiences during psychic readings for the living. In order to further investigate these findings, this study employed the Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI), a standard retrospective phenomenological analysis tool that quantitatively measures 26 phenomenological dimensions, to assess the experiences of ten Windbridge Certified Research Mediums (WCRMs) during readings for living targets and readings for deceased targets. During each reading, the medium was given the first name of a target and then asked specific questions about the target (e.g., physical and personality descriptions, hobbies/interests). Both the WCRMs and the experimenter interacting with them were blinded to which targets were living and which were deceased. After each reading, the medium completed the PCI. During 19 of the 20 readings, the WCRM stated her impressions regarding the status of the named target (living or deceased). In 14 of those cases, the WCRM’s impressions accurately reflected the status (74%, binomial probability, one-tailed, p = 0.032). In addition, six of the WCRMs were able to accurately determine the status of the targets in both of their readings. It should be noted that the WCRMs were instructed that the target for each reading could be living or deceased and not that they would be reading one of each type of target. A significant difference was seen between the living target condition and the deceased target condition for the dimension Love with higher scores in the deceased reading condition (living target: 2.65 ± 1.11 vs. deceased target: 3.55 ± 0.55, p < 0.05). In the subset of six WCRMs who accurately determined the status of both targets, significantly higher intensity values were seen for readings for deceased targets ( vs. readings for living targets) for the dimensions Positive affect, Joy, and Love (all p< 0.05). These quantitative data collected under blinded conditions reflect the WCRMs’ qualitative descriptions of the differences between communication with the deceased and acquisition of psychic information and provide further evidence distinguishing between survival psi and somatic psi
Accessibility:	Document does not exist in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Beischel, J.
Secondary author(s):	Rock, A. J., Boccuzzi, M., Biuso, M.
Document type:	Online abstract
Number of reproductions:	2
Reference:	Beischel, J., Rock, A. J., Boccuzzi, M., & Biuso, M. (2013, June). The source of mediums’ information: A quantitative phenomenological analysis. Paper presented at the 32nd Annual Meeting of the Society for Scientific Exploration, Dearborn, Michigan. Abstract retrieved from http://www.scientificexploration.org/meetings/program_32nd_annual.pdf
Indexed document:	No
Keywords:	Mediums / Anomalous information reception / Source of psi / Phenomenology
The source of mediums’ information: A quantitative phenomenological analysis

Document

Discarnate readings by claimant mediums: Assessing phenomenology and accuracy under beyond double-blind conditions

2014

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2008 Grants
    - 034 - Process- and Proof-focused Investigation of Anomalous Information Reception by Mediums: A Two-Part Quantitative Study
      - Discarnate readings by claimant mediums: Assessing phenomenology and accuracy under beyond double-blind conditions

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:	2008 Grants
Start date:	2009-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008-034
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2008
Title:	034 - Process- and Proof-focused Investigation of Anomalous Information Reception by Mediums: A Two-Part Quantitative Study
Duration:	2009-01 - 2011-02
Researcher(s):	Julie Beischel, Adam Rock, Mark E. Boccuzzi, Michael Biuso
Institution(s):	The Windbridge Institute for Applied Research in Human Potential, Tucson (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report
Language:	eng
Author:	Beischel, J.
Secondary author(s):	Rock, A. J., Boccuzzi, M., Biuso, M.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Survival after bodily death / Mediumship

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008-034.04
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2008
Title:	Discarnate readings by claimant mediums: Assessing phenomenology and accuracy under beyond double-blind conditions
Publication year:	2014
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: Certain mediums are able to report accurate and specific information about the deceased loved ones (termed discarnates) of living people (termed sitters) even without any prior knowledge about the sitters or the discarnates and in the complete absence of any sensory feedback. This study aimed to investigate the phenomenology associated with, and accuracy of, readings for discarnates by claimant mediums under beyond double-blind conditions. At baseline, directly after a counterbalanced control condition, and after each of two identically formatted, scheduled phone readings for paired discarnates, 19 claimant mediums completed the Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI). The two readings were then given global accuracy scores by the blinded sitters associated with the two discarnates. A significant anomalous information reception effect was demonstrated. However, this study did not identify any phenomenological variables that were correlates of mediums’ abilities. It would be prudent for future researchers to focus on the development of a quantitative measure specifically designed to investigate the phenomenology of mediumistic experience.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:	By permission
Language:	eng
Author:	Rock, A. J.
Secondary author(s):	Beischel, J., Boccuzzi, M., Biuso, M.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	2
Reference:	Rock, A. J., Beischel, J., Boccuzzi, M., & Biuso, M. (2014). Discarnate readings by claimant mediums: Assessing phenomenology and accuracy under beyond double-blind conditions. Journal of Parapsychology, 78(2), 183–194.
2-year Impact Factor:	N/A
Times cited:	N/A
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	N/A
Keywords:	Mediums / Phenomenology / Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory

Document

Simulated thought insertion: Influencing the sense of agency using deception and magic

2016

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2014 Grants
    - 534 - Exploring unconscious knowledge: Individual differences in ideomotor response
      - Simulated thought insertion: Influencing the sense of agency using deception and magic

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2014
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2014 Grants
Start date:	2015-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2014-534
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	534 - Exploring unconscious knowledge: Individual differences in ideomotor response
Duration:	2015-08 - 2017-06
Researcher(s):	Jeremy Olson, Amir Raz, Mathieu Landry
Institution(s):	Raz Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, McGill University, Montreal (Canada); Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal (Canada)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Olson, J.
Secondary author(s):	Raz, A., Landry, M.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Pendulum / Implicit knowledge / Precognition / Ideomotor / Parapsychology

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2014-534.02
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	Simulated thought insertion: Influencing the sense of agency using deception and magic
Publication year:	2016
URL:	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810016300629
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: In order to study the feeling of control over decisions, we told 60 participants that a neuroimaging machine could read and influence their thoughts. While inside a mock brain scanner, participants chose arbitrary numbers in two similar tasks. In the Mind-Reading Task, the scanner appeared to guess the participants’ numbers; in the Mind-Influencing Task, it appeared to influence their choice of numbers. We predicted that participants would feel less voluntary control over their decisions when they believed that the scanner was influencing their choices. As predicted, participants felt less control and made slower decisions in the Mind-Influencing Task compared to the Mind-Reading Task. A second study replicated these findings. Participants’ experience of the ostensible influence varied, with some reporting an unknown source directing them towards specific numbers. This simulated thought insertion paradigm can therefore influence feelings of voluntary control and may help model symptoms of mental disorders.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:	By permission
Language:	eng
Author:	Olson, J.
Secondary author(s):	Landry, M., Appourchaux, K., Raz, A.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	2
Reference:	Olson, J. A., Landry, M., Appourchaux, K., & Raz, A. (2016). Simulated thought insertion: Influencing the sense of agency using deception and magic. Consciousness and Cognition, 43, 11-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2016.04.010
2-year Impact Factor:	2.144\|2016
Impact factor notes:	Impact factor not available yet for 2018
Times cited:	32\|2025-02-11
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q2
Keywords:	Sense of agency / Thought insertion / Volition / Deception / Magic / Phenomenology
Simulated thought insertion: Influencing the sense of agency using deception and magic

File

118 - The experiences of participants in religious healing rituals in Lourdes: The role of noetic meaning and identity shift

2017-07

2022-09

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2016 Grants
    - 118 - The experiences of participants in religious healing rituals in Lourdes: The role of noetic meaning and identity shift

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2016
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2016 Grants
Start date:	2017-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2016-118
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	118 - The experiences of participants in religious healing rituals in Lourdes: The role of noetic meaning and identity shift
Duration:	2017-07 - 2022-09
Researcher(s):	Paul Dieppe, Sarah Goldingay, Sarah Warber, Miguel Farias, Emmylou Rahtz
Institution(s):	Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School (UK); Centre for Research in Psychology, Behaviour and Achievement, University of Coventry (UK)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Progress report Final report Articles
Author:	Dieppe, P.
Secondary author(s):	Goldingay, S., Warber, S., Rahtz, E.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Healing / Spirituality / Religious experience / Phenomenology / Parapsychology

File

269 - Does Ganzfeld stimulation elicit a shift away from normal waking consciousness, and is this associated with ESP task success

2019-11

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2016 Grants
    - 269 - Does Ganzfeld stimulation elicit a shift away from normal waking consciousness, and is this associated with ESP task success

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2016
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2016 Grants
Start date:	2017-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2016-269
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	269 - Does Ganzfeld stimulation elicit a shift away from normal waking consciousness, and is this associated with ESP task success
Duration:	2019-11
Researcher(s):	Chris Roe
Institution(s):	Centre for the Study of Anomalous Psychological Processes (CSAPP), Division of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, The University of Northampton (UK)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report
Author:	Roe, C. A.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Ganzfeld / Hypnagogia / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Phenomenology / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

File

261 - Phenomenological experience and neurophysiological correlates of shamanic trance in healthy individuals

2019-07

2021-11

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2018 Grants
    - 261 - Phenomenological experience and neurophysiological correlates of shamanic trance in healthy individuals

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2018
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2018 Grants
Start date:	2019-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2018-261
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	261 - Phenomenological experience and neurophysiological correlates of shamanic trance in healthy individuals
Duration:	2019-07 - 2021-11
Researcher(s):	Olivia Gosseries
Institution(s):	GIGA research center, GIGA-Consciousness, University of Liège (Belgium)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Gosseries, O.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Trance / Phenomenology / Electrophysiology / Consciousness / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

File

312 - Mapping the neurophenomenology of the wake-sleep transition

2019-01

2024-01

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2018 Grants
    - 312 - Mapping the neurophenomenology of the wake-sleep transition

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2018
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2018 Grants
Start date:	2019-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2018-312
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	312 - Mapping the neurophenomenology of the wake-sleep transition
Duration:	2019-01 - 2024-01
Researcher(s):	Tristan Bekinschtein, Alejandro Ezquerro-Nassar, Jon Simons, Valdas Noreika
Institution(s):	Consciousness and Cognition Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge (UK)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report
Language:	eng
Notes:	Inconclusive project
Author:	Bekinschtein, T.
Secondary author(s):	Ezquerro-Nassar, A., Simons, J., Noreika, V.
Number of reproductions:	1
Keywords:	Hypnagogia / Reality monitoring / Phenomenology / Electroencephalogram (EEG) / Psychophysiology

File

359 - A comparison of NN-DMT, Changa & 5-MeO-DMT and the Near-death Experience: Qualitative analyses and reviews of the neuroscience

2020/01

2024/05

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2018 Grants
    - 359 - A comparison of NN-DMT, Changa & 5-MeO-DMT and the Near-death Experience: Qualitative analyses and reviews of the neuroscience

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2018
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2018 Grants
Start date:	2019-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2018-359
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	359 - A comparison of NN-DMT, Changa & 5-MeO-DMT and the Near-death Experience: Qualitative analyses and reviews of the neuroscience
Duration:	2020/01 - 2024/05
Researcher(s):	Pascal Michael, David Luke
Institution(s):	Department of Psychology, Social Work and Counselling, Greenwich University, London (UK); Psychedelic Research Group, Imperial College London (UK)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Michael, P.
Secondary author(s):	Luke, D.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Near-death experience / Dimethyltryptamine/DMT / Phenomenology / Pineal Gland / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Document

Neurochemical models of near-death experiences: a large-scale study based on the semantic similarity of written reports

2019

BIAL Foundation Archive

BIAL Foundation Other Grants

Characterization of “Near-Death Experiences” through the comparison of experiencers and non-experiencers’ particularities: inter-individual differences in cognitive characteristics and susceptibility to false memories

Neurochemical models of near-death experiences: a large-scale study based on the semantic similarity of written reports

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Title:	BIAL Foundation Other Grants

Reference code:	NDE
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/Outros Apoios
Title:	Characterization of “Near-Death Experiences” through the comparison of experiencers and non-experiencers’ particularities: inter-individual differences in cognitive characteristics and susceptibility to false memories
Duration:	2016-03 - 2019-03
Researcher(s):	Steven Laureys, Charlotte Martial, Vanessa Charland-Verville, Héléna Cassol
Institution(s):	Coma Science Group, University of Liège (Belgium)
Contents:	Application Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Laureys, S.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Parapsychology and Psychophysiology / Near-death experience / Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

Reference code:	NDE-22
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/Outros Apoios
Title:	Neurochemical models of near-death experiences: a large-scale study based on the semantic similarity of written reports
Publication year:	2019
URL:	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S105381001830535X?via%3Dihub
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: The real or perceived proximity to death often results in a non-ordinary state of consciousness characterized by phenomenological features such as the perception of leaving the body boundaries, feelings of peace, bliss and timelessness, life review, the sensation of traveling through a tunnel and an irreversible threshold. Near-death experiences (NDEs) are comparable among individuals of different cultures, suggesting an underlying neurobiological mechanism. Anecdotal accounts of the similarity between NDEs and certain drug-induced altered states of consciousness prompted us to perform a large-scale comparative analysis of these experiences. After assessing the semantic similarity between ˜15,000 reports linked to the use of 165 psychoactive substances and 625 NDE narratives, we determined that the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine consistently resulted in reports most similar to those associated with NDEs. Ketamine was followed by Salvia divinorum (a plant containing a potent and selective ? receptor agonist) and a series of serotonergic psychedelics, including the endogenous serotonin 2A receptor agonist N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT). This similarity was driven by semantic concepts related to consciousness of the self and the environment, but also by those associated with the therapeutic, ceremonial and religious aspects of drug use. Our analysis sheds light on the long-standing link between certain drugs and the experience of "dying", suggests that ketamine could be used as a safe and reversible experimental model for NDE phenomenology, and supports the speculation that endogenous NMDA antagonists with neuroprotective properties may be released in the proximity of death.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:	By permission
Language:	eng
Author:	Martial, C.
Secondary author(s):	Cassol, H., Charland-Verville, V., Pallavicini, C., Sanz, C., Zamberlan, F., Vivot, R. M, Erowid, F., Erowid, E., Laureys, S., Greyson, B., Tagliazucchi, E.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	3
Reference:	Martial, C., Cassol, H., Charland-Verville, V., Pallavicini, C., Sanz, C., Zamberlan, F., Vivot, R. M., Erowid, F., Erowid, E., Laureys, S., Greyson, B., & Tagliazucchi, E. (2019). Neurochemical models of near-death experiences: a large-scale study based on the semantic similarity of written reports. Consciousness and Cognition, 69, 52-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2019.01.011
2-year Impact Factor:	2.044\|2019
Times cited:	53\|2025-02-13
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q2
Keywords:	Near-death experience / Psychedelics / Dissociatives / Phenomenology
Neurochemical models of near-death experiences: a large-scale study based on the semantic similarity of written reports

Document

A systematic analysis of distressing near-death experience accounts

2019

BIAL Foundation Archive

BIAL Foundation Other Grants

A systematic analysis of distressing near-death experience accounts

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Title:	BIAL Foundation Other Grants

Reference code:	NDE
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/Outros Apoios
Title:	Characterization of “Near-Death Experiences” through the comparison of experiencers and non-experiencers’ particularities: inter-individual differences in cognitive characteristics and susceptibility to false memories
Duration:	2016-03 - 2019-03
Researcher(s):	Steven Laureys, Charlotte Martial, Vanessa Charland-Verville, Héléna Cassol
Institution(s):	Coma Science Group, University of Liège (Belgium)
Contents:	Application Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Laureys, S.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Parapsychology and Psychophysiology / Near-death experience / Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

Reference code:	NDE-41
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/Outros Apoios
Title:	A systematic analysis of distressing near-death experience accounts
Publication year:	2019
URL:	https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09658211.2019.1626438
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: Near-death experiences (NDEs) are usually associated with positive affect, however, a small proportion are considered distressing. We aimed to look into the proportion of distressing NDEs in a sample of NDE narratives, categorise distressing narratives according to Greyson and Bush’s classification (inverse, void or hellish), and compare distressing and “classical” NDEs. Participants wrote down their experience, completed the Memory Characteristics Questionnaire (assessing the phenomenology of memories) and the Greyson scale (characterising content of NDEs). The proportion of suicidal attempts, content and intensity of distressing and classical NDEs were compared using frequentist and Bayesian statistics. Distressing NDEs represent 14% of our sample (n?=?123). We identified 8 inverse, 8 hellish and 1 void accounts. The proportion of suicide survivors is higher in distressing NDEs as compared to classical ones. Finally, memories of distressing NDEs appear as phenomenologically detailed as classical ones. Distressing NDEs deserve careful consideration to ensure their integration into experiencers’ identity.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:	By permission
Language:	eng
Author:	Cassol, H.
Secondary author(s):	Martial, C., Annen, J., Martens, G., Charland-Verville, V. , Majerus, S., Laureys, S.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	3
Reference:	Cassol, H., Martial, C., Annen, J., Martens, G., Charland-Verville, V., Majerus, S., & Laureys, S. (2019). A systematic analysis of distressing near-death experience accounts. Memory, 27(8), 1122-1129. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2019.1626438
2-year Impact Factor:	1.895\|2019
Times cited:	21\|2025-02-13
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q3
Keywords:	Near-death experiences / Distressing near-death experiences / Memory Characteristics Questionnaire / Phenomenology

Document

Near-death experience as a probe to explore (disconnected) consciousness

2020

BIAL Foundation Archive

BIAL Foundation Other Grants

Near-death experience as a probe to explore (disconnected) consciousness

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Title:	BIAL Foundation Other Grants

Reference code:	NDE
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/Outros Apoios
Title:	Characterization of “Near-Death Experiences” through the comparison of experiencers and non-experiencers’ particularities: inter-individual differences in cognitive characteristics and susceptibility to false memories
Duration:	2016-03 - 2019-03
Researcher(s):	Steven Laureys, Charlotte Martial, Vanessa Charland-Verville, Héléna Cassol
Institution(s):	Coma Science Group, University of Liège (Belgium)
Contents:	Application Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Laureys, S.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Parapsychology and Psychophysiology / Near-death experience / Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

Reference code:	NDE-50
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/Outros Apoios
Title:	Near-death experience as a probe to explore (disconnected) consciousness
Publication year:	2020
URL:	https://www.cell.com/trends/cognitive-sciences/fulltext/S1364-6613(19)30312-2
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: Forty-five years ago, the first evidence of near-death experience (NDE) during comatose state was provided, setting the stage for a new paradigm for studying the neural basis of consciousness in unresponsive states. At present, the state of consciousness associated with NDEs remains an open question. In the common view, consciousness is said to disappear in a coma with the brain shutting down, but this is an oversimplification. We argue that a novel framework distinguishing awareness, wakefulness, and connectedness is needed to comprehend the phenomenon. Classical NDEs correspond to internal awareness experienced in unresponsive conditions, thereby corresponding to an episode of disconnected consciousness. Our proposal suggests new directions for NDE research, and more broadly, consciousness science.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Martial, C.
Secondary author(s):	Cassol, H., Laureys, S., Gosseries, O.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	3
Reference:	Martial, C., Cassol, H., Laureys, S., & Gosseries, O. (2020). Near-death experience as a probe to explore (disconnected) consciousness. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 24(3), 173-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2019.12.010
2-year Impact Factor:	20.229\|2020
Times cited:	52\|2025-02-14
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q1
Keywords:	Consciousness / Connectedness / Near-death experience / Phenomenology / Coma
Near-death experience as a probe to explore (disconnected) consciousness

Document

The Near-Death Experience Content (NDE-C) scale: Development and psychometric validation

2020

BIAL Foundation Archive

BIAL Foundation Other Grants

The Near-Death Experience Content (NDE-C) scale: Development and psychometric validation

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Title:	BIAL Foundation Other Grants

Reference code:	NDE
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/Outros Apoios
Title:	Characterization of “Near-Death Experiences” through the comparison of experiencers and non-experiencers’ particularities: inter-individual differences in cognitive characteristics and susceptibility to false memories
Duration:	2016-03 - 2019-03
Researcher(s):	Steven Laureys, Charlotte Martial, Vanessa Charland-Verville, Héléna Cassol
Institution(s):	Coma Science Group, University of Liège (Belgium)
Contents:	Application Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Laureys, S.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Parapsychology and Psychophysiology / Near-death experience / Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

Reference code:	NDE-59
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/Outros Apoios
Title:	The Near-Death Experience Content (NDE-C) scale: Development and psychometric validation
Publication year:	2020
URL:	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S105381002030516X
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: As interest grows in near-death experiences (NDEs), it is increasingly important to accurately identify them to facilitate empirical research and reproducibility among assessors. We aimed (1) to reassess the psychometric properties of the NDE scale developed by Greyson (1983) and (2) to validate the Near-Death Experience Content (NDE-C) scale that quantifies NDEs in a more complete way. Internal consistency, construct and concurrent validity analyses were performed on the NDE scale. Based on those results and the most recent empirical evidence, we then developed a new 20-item scale. Internal consistency, explanatory and confirmatory factor, concurrent and discriminant validity analyses were conducted. Results revealed (1) a series of weaknesses in the NDE scale, (2) a 5-factor structure covering relevant dimensions and the very good psychometric properties of the NDE-C scale, including very good internal consistency (Cronbach a = 0.85) and concurrent validity (correlations above 0.76). This new reliable scale should facilitate future research.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:	By permission
Language:	eng
Author:	Martial, C.
Secondary author(s):	Simon, J., Puttaert, N., Gosseries, O., Charland-Verville, V., Nyssen, A. S., Greyson, B., Laureys, S., Cassol, H.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	3
Reference:	Martial, C., Simon, J., Puttaert, N., Gosseries, O., Charland-Verville, V., Nyssen, A. S., Greyson, B., Laureys, S., & Cassol, H. (2020). The Near-Death Experience Content (NDE-C) scale: Development and psychometric validation. Consciousness and Cognition, 86: 103049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2020.103049
2-year Impact Factor:	2.444\|2020
Times cited:	34\|2025-02-14
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q3
Keywords:	Near-death experience / Scale / Phenomenology / Life-threatening situation / Experiencer

Document

How does it feel to lack a sense of boundaries? A case study of a long-term mindfulness meditator

2015

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2010 Grants
    - 027 - From trance to transcendence during meditation
      - How does it feel to lack a sense of boundaries? A case study of a long-term mindfulness meditator

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2010
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 23
Title:	2010 Grants
Start date:	2011-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2010-027
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/2010
Title:	027 - From trance to transcendence during meditation
Duration:	2011-06 - 2013-06
Researcher(s):	Joseph Glicksohn, Abraham Goldstein, Aviva Berkovich Ohana
Institution(s):	The Leslie and Susan Golda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan (Israel)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report Book chapter
Language:	eng
Author:	Glicksohn, J.
Secondary author(s):	Goldstein, A., Berkovich-Ohana, A.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Parapsychology and Psychophysiology / Altered states of consciousness / Meditation / Trance / Brain structure and function / Cognitive processes / Perception / Consciousness / Assessment tools

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2010-027.15
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/2010
Title:	How does it feel to lack a sense of boundaries? A case study of a long-term mindfulness meditator
Publication year:	2015
URL:	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1053810015300295
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: This paper discusses the phenomenological nature of the sense of boundaries (SB), based on the case of S, who has practiced mindfulness in the Satipathana and Theravada Vipassana traditions for about 40 years and accumulated around 20,000 h of meditative practice. S's unique abilities enable him to describe his inner lived experience with great precision and clarity. S was asked to shift between three different stages: (a) the default state, (b) the dissolving of the SB, and (c) the disappearance of the SB. Based on his descriptions, we identified seven categories (with some overlap) that alter during the shifts between these stages, including the senses of: (1) internal versus external, (2) time, (3) location, (4) self, (5) agency (control), (6) ownership, and (7) center (first-person-egocentric-bodily perspective). Two other categories, the touching/touched structure and one's bodily feelings, do not fade away completely even when the sense-of-boundaries disappears.
Accessibility:	Document does not exist in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Ataria, Y.
Secondary author(s):	Dor-Ziderman, Y., Berkovich-Ohana, A.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	3
Reference:	Ataria, Y., Dor-Ziderman, Y., & Berkovich-Ohana, A. (2015). How does it feel to lack a sense of boundaries? A case study of a long-term mindfulness meditator. Consciousness and Cognition, 37, 133-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2015.09.002
2-year Impact Factor:	2.182\|2015
Times cited:	97\|2025-02-10
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q2
Keywords:	Sense of boundaries / Mindfulness meditation / Phenomenology / Neurophenomenology / Sense of ownership / Sense of agency

Document

Final report - Phenomenological experience and neurophysiological correlates of shamanic trance in healthy individuals

2021

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2018 Grants
    - 261 - Phenomenological experience and neurophysiological correlates of shamanic trance in healthy individuals
      - Final report - Phenomenological experience and neurophysiological correlates of shamanic trance in healthy individuals

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2018
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2018 Grants
Start date:	2019-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2018-261
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	261 - Phenomenological experience and neurophysiological correlates of shamanic trance in healthy individuals
Duration:	2019-07 - 2021-11
Researcher(s):	Olivia Gosseries
Institution(s):	GIGA research center, GIGA-Consciousness, University of Liège (Belgium)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Gosseries, O.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Trance / Phenomenology / Electrophysiology / Consciousness / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2018-261.01
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	Final report - Phenomenological experience and neurophysiological correlates of shamanic trance in healthy individuals
Publication year:	2021
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: Background: Shamanic trance is a volitional modified state of consciousness characterized by lucid but narrowed awareness of external surroundings with hyper-focused immersive experience of flow, expanded inner imagery, and altered sense of self. Despite being one of the most ancient spiritual traditions, little is known about the scientifically-based phenomenology and electrophysiological correlates of shamanic trance. Aims: The goal is to characterize the phenomenological experiences of shamanic trance, and measure its electrophysiological brain signatures. Method: We conducted a group study on 27 experts in cognitive trance who underwent high-density EEG during rest, auditory stimulations and imaginary task, as well as during trance with and without auditory stimulations. Behavioural assessments were conducted after each condition (free recall and questionnaires). Results: Participants felt more awake, more absorbed and more dissociated in trance. Their trances were comparable to a near-death experience, with mystical-type experiences. Trance condition presented a specific speech and higher total words counts compared to the other conditions, which reflects a class of discourse on its own with more richness and vividness. EEG results showed that trance was associated with increased power spectral density in various frequency bands and increased functional connectivity. Auditory event related potentials showed increased P300 amplitude during trance. Body parameters (e.g., heart rate) were also modified in trance. Conclusions: These results indicate major changes in trance, both at the phenomenological and neurophysiological level.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Gosseries, O.
Document type:	Final report
Number of reproductions:	3
Reference:	Gosseries, O. (2021). Final report - Phenomenological experience and neurophysiological correlates of shamanic trance in healthy individuals.
Indexed document:	No
Keywords:	Shamanic trance / Modified states of consciousness / Phenomenology / Neurophysiology
Final report - Phenomenological experience and neurophysiological correlates of shamanic trance in healthy individuals

Document

Defining meditation: Foundations for and activity-based phenomenological classification system

2022

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2020 Grants
    - 099 - Beyond "mindfulness" and toward a modern science of meditative mastery and spiritual transformation
      - Defining meditation: Foundations for and activity-based phenomenological classification system

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2020 Grants
Start date:	2021-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-099
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	099 - Beyond "mindfulness" and toward a modern science of meditative mastery and spiritual transformation
Duration:	2021-03 - 2024-02
Researcher(s):	Matthew Sacchet, Diego Pizzagalli, Remko van Lutterveld, Marta Bianciardi
Institution(s):	Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Research - CDASR, McLean Hospital, Belmont (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Sacchet, M.
Secondary author(s):	Pizzagalli, D., van Lutterveld, R., Bianciardi, M.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Advanced meditation / Enlightenment / Neuroimaging / Mindfulness meditation / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-099.02
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	Defining meditation: Foundations for and activity-based phenomenological classification system
Publication year:	2022
URL:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.795077/full
Abstract/Results:	Classifying different meditation techniques is essential for the progress of meditation research, as this will enable discerning which effects are associated with which techniques, in addition to supporting the development of increasingly effective and efficient meditation-based training programs and clinical interventions. However, both the task of defining meditation itself, as well as defining specific techniques, faces many fundamental challenges. Here we describe problems involved in this endeavor and suggest an integrated model for defining meditation. For classifying different meditation techniques, we draw on classical, contemporary, and holistic systems of classification. We analyze different techniques and propose that all meditation techniques are based on a specific set of activities, that is: focusing, releasing, imagining, and moving in relation to an object of meditation, including fields of experience. Meditative activities can be combined and unified in the activities of observing, producing, and being aware. All meditative activities are unified in awareness of awareness. Defining specific meditation techniques may be done by specifying which activities and objects are involved. The advantage of our approach is that it can potentially account for the inner workings of all current systems of classification and hence it lays the foundation for formulating an overarching system of meditation that can guide future research and practice.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Sparby, T.
Secondary author(s):	Sacchet, M.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	3
Reference:	Sparby, T., & Sacchet, M. D. (2022). Defining Meditation: Foundations for an Activity-Based Phenomenological Classification System. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 795077. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.795077
2-year Impact Factor:	3.800\|2022
Times cited:	23\|2025-02-17
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q1
Keywords:	Meditation / Classification / Phenomenology / Activity / First-person / Consciousness / Mental activity / Taxonomy
Defining meditation: Foundations for and activity-based phenomenological classification system

Document

Not in the drug, not in the brain: Causality in psychedelic experiences from an enactive perspective

2023

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2020 Grants
    - 333 - Mindfulness and psychedelics: A neurophenomenological approach to the characterization of acute and sustained response to DMT in experienced meditators
      - Not in the drug, not in the brain: Causality in psychedelic experiences from an enactive perspective

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2020 Grants
Start date:	2021-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-333
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	333 - Mindfulness and psychedelics: A neurophenomenological approach to the characterization of acute and sustained response to DMT in experienced meditators
Duration:	2021-10 - 2024-05
Researcher(s):	Milan Scheidegger, Daniel Meling, Michael Kometer, Dario Dornbierer
Institution(s):	Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich (Switzerland); University Medical Center Freiburg (Germany)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Articles Final report
Language:	eng
Author:	Scheidegger, M.
Secondary author(s):	Meling, D., Kometer, M., Dornbierer, D.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Meditation / Psychedelics / Neurophenomenology / Brain imaging / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-333.03
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	Not in the drug, not in the brain: Causality in psychedelic experiences from an enactive perspective
Publication year:	2023
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: Psychedelics are psychoactive substances that receive renewed interest from science and society. Increasing empirical evidence shows that the effects of psychedelics are associated with alterations in biochemical processes, brain activity, and lived experience. Still, how these different levels relate remains subject to debate. The current literature presents two influential views on the relationship between the psychedelic molecule, neural events, and experience: The integration view and the pluralistic view. The main aim of this article is to contribute a promising complementary view by re-evaluating the psychedelic molecule-brain-experience relationship from an enactive perspective. We approach this aim via the following main research questions: (1) What is the causal relationship between the psychedelic drug and brain activity? (2) What is the causal relationship between brain activity and the psychedelic experience? In exploring the first research question, we apply the concept of autonomy to the psychedelic molecule-brain relationship. In exploring the second research question, we apply the concept of dynamic co-emergence to the psychedelic brain-experience relationship. Addressing these two research questions from an enactive position offers a perspective that emphasizes interdependence and circular causality on multiple levels. This enactive perspective not only supports the pluralistic view but enriches it through a principled account of how multi-layered processes come to interact. This renders the enactive view a promising contribution to questions around causality in the therapeutic effects of psychedelics with important implications for psychedelic therapy and psychedelic research.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Meling, D.
Secondary author(s):	Scheidegger, M.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	3
Reference:	Meling, D., & Scheidegger, M. (2023). Not in the drug, not in the brain: Causality in psychedelic experiences from an enactive perspective. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1100058. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1100058
2-year Impact Factor:	3.800\|2022
Impact factor notes:	Impact factor not available yet for 2023
Times cited:	7\|2025-02-18
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q1
Keywords:	Psychedelics / Neuroscience / Phenomenology / Drug / Enaction / Causality / Psychedelic therapy / Biopsychosocial model
Not in the drug, not in the brain: Causality in psychedelic experiences from an enactive perspective

Document

Survival psi and somatic psi: Exploratory quantitative phenomenological analyses of blinded mediums’ experiences of communication with the deceased and psychic readings for the living

2021

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2010 Grants
    - 058 - Somatic psi vs. Survival psi: A quantitative investigation of mediums’ phenomenology comparing psychic readings and ostensible communication with the deceased
      - Survival psi and somatic psi: Exploratory quantitative phenomenological analyses of blinded mediums’ experiences of communication with the deceased and psychic readings for the living

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2010
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 23
Title:	2010 Grants
Start date:	2011-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2010-058
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 3/2010
Title:	058 - Somatic psi vs. Survival psi: A quantitative investigation of mediums’ phenomenology comparing psychic readings and ostensible communication with the deceased
Duration:	2011-03 - 2013-02
Researcher(s):	Julie Beischel, Adam Rock, Mark Boccuzzi, Michael Biuso
Institution(s):	The Windbridge Institute for Applied Research in Human Potential, Tucson (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report
Abstract/Results:	Dr. Julie Beischel, Dr. Adam J. Rock, Dr. Mark Boccuzzi, Dr. Michael Biuso
Accessibility:	The Windbridge Institute for Applied Research in Human Potential, Tucson (USA)
Language:	eng
Author:	Beischel, J.
Secondary author(s):	Rock, A. J., Boccuzzi, M., Biuso, M.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Survival after bodily death / Mediumship

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2010-058.05
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 3/2010
Title:	Survival psi and somatic psi: Exploratory quantitative phenomenological analyses of blinded mediums’ experiences of communication with the deceased and psychic readings for the living
Publication year:	2021
URL:	https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2006538/
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: In this study, we quantitatively assessed mediums’ phenomenology during readings in which survival psi is ostensibly used to telepathically communicate with physically deceased targets (discarnates) and during psychic readings for living targets to represent somatic psi which cannot be experimentally demonstrated. We also correlated dimensions of phenomenology with reading accuracy. Ten Windbridge Certified Research Mediums (WCRMs) participated in a baseline assessment and then in three counter-balanced conditions—a blinded reading for a living target, a blinded reading for a deceased target, and a control condition—and completed the Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI) at baseline prior to the first condition and after each of the three conditions. In a significant proportion of the readings (74%; p = .032), the blinded WCRM’s impressions accurately reflected whether the target was living or deceased. Hypnoidal state scores, which estimate an individual’s ‘trance state,’ were significantly higher for each of the two reading conditions than for the baseline and control conditions. Both types of readings demonstrated significantly higher scores for the PCI (sub)dimensions of altered time sense, imagery, imagery amount, and direction of attention and lower scores for the dimension volitional control. As predicted, scores for love were significantly higher for blinded readings for deceased targets than for living targets (3.65 ± 0.63 vs. 2.75 ± 1.18, respectively; t[9] = 2.78, p = .02, two-tailed). The global accuracy scores of readings for living targets (2.38 ± 1.51) were significantly negatively correlated with imagery vividness (r[6] = -0.76, p = .027) and absorption (r[6] = -0.74, p = .037). The global accuracy scores given to readings for deceased targets (3.22 ± 1.56) were not significantly correlated to any PCI dimensions. However, the correlations were significantly different between the deceased target condition and the living target condition for positive affect and accuracy (z = 1.92, p = .027 [one-tailed]). Overall, the novel quantitative evidence collected during this study under blinded, randomized, and counterbalanced conditions may reflect the general phenomenology of psi and supports and adds to the empirical comparisons of mediums’ psychic functioning and survival psi experiences.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:	By permission
Language:	eng
Author:	Beischel, J.
Secondary author(s):	Rock, A. J., Pekala, R. J., Boccuzzi, M.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	2
Reference:	Beischel, J., Rock, A. J., Pekala, R. J., & Boccuzzi, M. (2021). Survival psi and somatic psi: Exploratory quantitative phenomenological analyses of blinded mediums’ experiences of communication with the deceased and psychic readings for the living. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 39(2), 61–102. https://doi.org/10.17514/JNDS-2021-39-2-p61-102
Indexed document:	No
Keywords:	Mediums / Psychic / Psi / Phenomenology / PCI

Document

Phenomenology of AI-Generated "Entity Encounter" Narratives

2023

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2022 Grants
    - 006 - Generating psi with enchanted spaces: A confirmatory study
      - Phenomenology of AI-Generated "Entity Encounter" Narratives

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2022
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2022 Grants
Start date:	2023-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2022-006
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	006 - Generating psi with enchanted spaces: A confirmatory study
Duration:	2023-02 - 2024-03
Researcher(s):	James Houran
Institution(s):	Integrated Knowledge Systsems - IKS, Chatham (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Houran. J,
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Enchantment / Psi / Transliminality / Environmental psychology / Parapsychology

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2022-006.03
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	Phenomenology of AI-Generated "Entity Encounter" Narratives
Publication year:	2023
URL:	https://journals.lub.lu.se/jaex/article/view/25124
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: Objective: We used the ChatGPT-3.5 artificial intelligence (AI)-based language program to compare twelve types of mystical, supernatural, or otherwise anomalous entity encounter narratives constructed from material in the publicly available corpus of information, and compared their details to the phenomenology of spontaneous accounts via the Survey of Strange Events (SSE) and the grounded theory of Haunted People Syndrome (HP-S). Methods: Structured content analysis by two independent and masked raters explored whether the composite AI-narratives would: (a) cover each encounter type, (b) map to the SSE’s Rasch hierarchy of anomalous perceptions, (c) show an average SSE score, and (d) reference the five recognition patterns of HP-S. Results: We found moderate evidence of a core encounter phenomenon underlying the AI-narratives. Every encounter type was represented by an AI-generated description that readily mapped to the SSE, albeit their contents showed only fair believability and low but generally positive correlations with each other. The narratives also corresponded to below-average SSE scores and referenced at least one HP-S recognition pattern. Conclusions: Prototypical depictions of entity encounter experiences based on popular source material certainly approximate, yet not fully match, the phenomenology of their real-life counterparts. We discuss the implications of these outcomes for future studies.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Houran, J.
Secondary author(s):	Laythe, B.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	2
Reference:	Houran, J., & Laythe, B. (2023). Phenomenology of AI-Generated "Entity Encounter" Narratives. Journal of Anomalous Experience and Cognition, 3(2), 335-368. https://doi.org/10.31156/jaex.25124
Indexed document:	No
Keywords:	Artificial intelligence (AI) / Content analysis / Entity encounters / Ghostly episodes / Haunted People Syndrome (HP-S) / Narrative construction / Phenomenology
Phenomenology of AI-Generated "Entity Encounter" Narratives