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109 - Retrocausal Signalling with Prestimulus Response

2003-02

2004-04

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2002 Grants
    - 109 - Retrocausal Signalling with Prestimulus Response

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2002
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 21/2002
Title:	2002 Grants
Start date:	2003-01 - 2009-11
Dimension/support:	21 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2002-109
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2002
Title:	109 - Retrocausal Signalling with Prestimulus Response
Duration:	2003-02 - 2004-04
Researcher(s):	James Spottiswoode
Institution(s):	Geonet Technologies, Inc., Beverly Hills (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report
Language:	eng
Author:	Spottiswoode, J.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment

Document

Skin Conductance Prestimulus Response: Analyses, Artifacts and a Pilot Study

2003

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2002 Grants
    - 109 - Retrocausal Signalling with Prestimulus Response
      - Skin Conductance Prestimulus Response: Analyses, Artifacts and a Pilot Study

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2002
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 21/2002
Title:	2002 Grants
Start date:	2003-01 - 2009-11
Dimension/support:	21 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2002-109
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2002
Title:	109 - Retrocausal Signalling with Prestimulus Response
Duration:	2003-02 - 2004-04
Researcher(s):	James Spottiswoode
Institution(s):	Geonet Technologies, Inc., Beverly Hills (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report
Language:	eng
Author:	Spottiswoode, J.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2002-109.03
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2002
Title:	Skin Conductance Prestimulus Response: Analyses, Artifacts and a Pilot Study
Publication year:	2003
URL:	http://scientificexploration.org/journal/jse_17_4_spottiswoode.pdf
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: Previous studies have suggested that the human autonomic nervous system responds to stimuli 2–3 seconds before presentation. In these studies randomly chosen photographs with high and low affectivity were presented to participants.Ensemble averaging of skin conductance in the prestimulus epochs showed a differential response between high and low affectivity photographs. In our protocol the problem of idiosyncratic responses to pictorial stimuli was avoided by using audio startle stimuli. Stimulus type was determined just before presentationby a true randomgenerator. Participantsheard 20 stimuli per session with a 50% chance of an audio startle as against a silent control. Our dependent variable was the proportions of 3-second epochs prior to audio and control stimuli in which a skin conductance response, that is a minimum in skin conductance followed by a maximum, occurred. We found a significant effect (N ˆ 125, Z scoreˆ 3.27, effect size [ES] ˆ 0.0901 6 0.0275, pˆ 5.4 3 10¡4). Explanations for this result as an artifact were examined and rejected. We show that a significant result from an average-based epoch analysis in this type of experiment is not a necessary requirement to demonstrate significant evidence for a prestimulus response. We also observed post hoc that the prestimulus response effect was correlated with participant lability (r ˆ 0.472, df ˆ 21, pˆ0.011).
Accessibility:	Document does not exist in file
Language:	eng
Related objects:	PT/FB/BL-2000-36.02
Author:	Spottiswoode, J.
Secondary author(s):	May, E.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	2
Reference:	Spottiswoode, J., & May, E. C. (2003). Skin Conductance Prestimulus Response: Analyses, Artifacts and a Pilot Study. Journal of Scientific Exploration, 17(4), 617-641.
2-year Impact Factor:	N/A
Times cited:	N/A
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	N/A
Keywords:	Skin conductance / Presentiment / Retrocausality / Prestimulus response / Precognition
Novo ficheiro

File

036 - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition

2001-01

2002-08

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2000 Grants
    - 036 - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2000
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 13/2000
Title:	2000 Grants
Start date:	2001-01 - 2014-02
Dimension/support:	13 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2000-036
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:	036 - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition
Duration:	2001-01 - 2002-08
Researcher(s):	Edwin May, Zoltán Vassy
Institution(s):	Laboratories for Fundamental Research, Palo Alto (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report (2 copies) Final report
Language:	eng
Author:	May, E.
Secondary author(s):	Vassy, Z.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Telepathy / Presentiment / Precognition

File

052 - Seeking the intuition response: Exploring the human electrodermal "Presponse" as a reliable indicator of precognitive intuition

2000-12

2002-08

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2000 Grants
    - 052 - Seeking the intuition response: Exploring the human electrodermal "Presponse" as a reliable indicator of precognitive intuition

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2000
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 13/2000
Title:	2000 Grants
Start date:	2001-01 - 2014-02
Dimension/support:	13 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2000-052
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:	052 - Seeking the intuition response: Exploring the human electrodermal "Presponse" as a reliable indicator of precognitive intuition
Duration:	2000-12 - 2002-08
Researcher(s):	Richard Broughton
Institution(s):	Intuition Laboratories, Durham (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Financial report and expenditure documents Final report
Language:	eng
Author:	Broughton, R.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment / Personality factors

Document

Final report - Seeking the intuition response: Exploring the human electrodermal "Presponse" as a reliable indicator of precognitive intuition

2002

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2000 Grants
    - 052 - Seeking the intuition response: Exploring the human electrodermal "Presponse" as a reliable indicator of precognitive intuition
      - Final report - Seeking the intuition response: Exploring the human electrodermal "Presponse" as a reliable indicator of precognitive intuition

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2000
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 13/2000
Title:	2000 Grants
Start date:	2001-01 - 2014-02
Dimension/support:	13 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2000-052
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:	052 - Seeking the intuition response: Exploring the human electrodermal "Presponse" as a reliable indicator of precognitive intuition
Duration:	2000-12 - 2002-08
Researcher(s):	Richard Broughton
Institution(s):	Intuition Laboratories, Durham (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Financial report and expenditure documents Final report
Language:	eng
Author:	Broughton, R.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment / Personality factors

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2000-052.01
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:	Final report - Seeking the intuition response: Exploring the human electrodermal "Presponse" as a reliable indicator of precognitive intuition
Publication year:	2002
URL:	http://www.bial.com/imagem/Bolsa%205200.pdf
Abstract/Results:	RESULTS: This project was designed to replicate and extend a series of experiments, known as “presentiment” or “pre-stimulus response” experiments, that provide evidence of human emotional system response prior to aversive stimuli. To examine test-retest reliability 80 subjects were tested on two occasions in an experiment that monitored skin conductance while they viewed briefly exposed images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Subjects also completed the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and the NEO-FFI personality tests. With 64 subjects providing usable data, there was no overall evidence of a presentiment or pre-stimulus response, nor was there any evidence of test-retest reliability. Surprisingly, there were significant correlations between a subject's pre-stimulus response and the MBTI Intuition factor and the NEO-FFI Openness factor, both of which have shown similar relationships in prior ESP research. No other personality factors showed any relationships. Subsidiary analyses confirmed findings by other researchers that the evidence for pre-stimulus response is not the slow rise of tonic skin conductance levels but rather the accumulation of more non-specific skin conductance responses immediately prior to aversive stimuli. Also, analysis of the data rejected expectancy artifacts as a possible explanation for pre-stimulus response findings.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:	By permission
Language:	eng
Author:	Broughton, R.
Document type:	Final report
Number of reproductions:	2
Indexed document:	No
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Presentiment / Personality factors
Relatório final - Seeking the intuition response: Exploring the human electrodermal "Presponse" as a reliable indicator of precognitive intuition

Document

Exploring the reliability of the “presentiment” effect

2004

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2000 Grants
    - 052 - Seeking the intuition response: Exploring the human electrodermal "Presponse" as a reliable indicator of precognitive intuition
      - Exploring the reliability of the “presentiment” effect

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2000
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 13/2000
Title:	2000 Grants
Start date:	2001-01 - 2014-02
Dimension/support:	13 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2000-052
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:	052 - Seeking the intuition response: Exploring the human electrodermal "Presponse" as a reliable indicator of precognitive intuition
Duration:	2000-12 - 2002-08
Researcher(s):	Richard Broughton
Institution(s):	Intuition Laboratories, Durham (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Financial report and expenditure documents Final report
Language:	eng
Author:	Broughton, R.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment / Personality factors

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2000-052.02
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:	Exploring the reliability of the “presentiment” effect
Publication year:	2004
URL:	http://archived.parapsych.org/papers/02.pdf
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: This project extends a series of experiments begun by Radin that appears to demonstrate an autonomic nervous system (ANS) response to future emotionally arousing experiences. This experiment used skin conductance as the ANS measure and was designed to examine test-retest reliability in the "presentiment" effect, also known as "prestimulus response" (PSR). The experiment also looked for individual differences in PSR responding using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and the NEO-FFI personality inventories. Volunteer participants completed two sessions of viewing 40 calm and arousing images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) while SC was monitored. The PSR window was defined as 3 seconds before stimulus onset, and the measure of PSR was the area between the mean relative SC levels for the two classes of stimuli within the prestimulus window. Significance was determined using a Monte Carlo method. A novel analysis technique of de-trending the SC data immediately before the PSR analysis window was used to counter the possible effect of expectancy and other artifacts. Eighty planned participants were tested. Sixteen were eliminated from further analysis because of lack of any SCRs, leaving 64 participants in the final data pool. The experiment did not produce overall evidence of a presentiment effect, nor did it demonstrate test-retest reliability. Since this experiment deviated from prior methods of analysis the data were examined without detrending and automatic artifact removal, but there was still no evidence of a presentiment effect. Of three personality factors previously associated with better ESP scoring, MBTI Extraversion, MBTI Intuition, and NEO Openness, the last two were positively and significantly correlated with individual mean PSR. The data were explicitly tested for the presence of an expectancy artifact by correlating the PSR prior to arousing stimuli with the time since the last arousing stimulus. The correlations for both the de-trended data and the original method of analysis were negligible and non-significant, providing no evidence that an expectancy artifact was present.
Accessibility:	Document does not exist in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Broughton, R.
Document type:	Conference paper
Number of reproductions:	2
Reference:	Broughton, R. (2004). Exploring the reliability of the “presentiment” effect. In Proceedings of the presented papers of the 47th Parapsychological Association Convention (pp. 15-26). Vienna, Austria.
Indexed document:	No
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Precognition / Presentiment

File

095 - "I just had this feeling...": A Somatic Marker Approach to Understanding Intuitive Decision Making

2003-04

2005-09

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2002 Grants
    - 095 - "I just had this feeling...": A Somatic Marker Approach to Understanding Intuitive Decision Making

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2002
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 21/2002
Title:	2002 Grants
Start date:	2003-01 - 2009-11
Dimension/support:	21 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2002-095
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 13/2002
Title:	095 - "I just had this feeling...": A Somatic Marker Approach to Understanding Intuitive Decision Making
Duration:	2003-04 - 2005-09
Researcher(s):	Richard Broughton
Institution(s):	The University of Northampton (UK)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report
Language:	eng
Author:	Broughton, R.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment / Intuition / Emotion / Personality / Cognitive processes / Decision-making

File

034 - fMRI and photo emission study of presentiment: The role of "coherence" in retrocausal processes

2005-05

2007-11

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2004 Grants
    - 034 - fMRI and photo emission study of presentiment: The role of "coherence" in retrocausal processes

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2004
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 25/2004
Title:	2004 Grants
Start date:	2005-01 - 2012-09
Dimension/support:	25 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2004-034
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 14/2004
Title:	034 - fMRI and photo emission study of presentiment: The role of "coherence" in retrocausal processes
Duration:	2005-05 - 2007-11
Researcher(s):	Dick Bierman, Eduard van Wijk
Institution(s):	Parapsychologist Institute, Utrecht (The Netherlands)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report (in paper and DVD)
Language:	eng
Author:	Bierman, D.
Secondary author(s):	Van Wijk, E.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Parapsychology and Psychophysiology / Altered states of consciousness / Meditation / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment / Emotion / Brain structure and function

File

007 - Prestimulus response in the sympathetic/parasympathetic nervous system

2005-01

2008-04

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2004 Grants
    - 007 - Prestimulus response in the sympathetic/parasympathetic nervous system

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2004
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 25/2004
Title:	2004 Grants
Start date:	2005-01 - 2012-09
Dimension/support:	25 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2004-007
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 16/2004
Title:	007 - Prestimulus response in the sympathetic/parasympathetic nervous system
Duration:	2005-01 - 2008-04
Researcher(s):	Edwin May
Institution(s):	Laboratories for Fundamental Research, Palo Alto (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress reports Final report Article
Language:	eng
Author:	May, E. C.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment

Document

fMRI and photo emission study of presentiment: The role of "coherence" in retrocausal processes

2008

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2004 Grants
    - 034 - fMRI and photo emission study of presentiment: The role of "coherence" in retrocausal processes
      - fMRI and photo emission study of presentiment: The role of "coherence" in retrocausal processes

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2004
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 25/2004
Title:	2004 Grants
Start date:	2005-01 - 2012-09
Dimension/support:	25 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2004-034
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 14/2004
Title:	034 - fMRI and photo emission study of presentiment: The role of "coherence" in retrocausal processes
Duration:	2005-05 - 2007-11
Researcher(s):	Dick Bierman, Eduard van Wijk
Institution(s):	Parapsychologist Institute, Utrecht (The Netherlands)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report (in paper and DVD)
Language:	eng
Author:	Bierman, D.
Secondary author(s):	Van Wijk, E.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Parapsychology and Psychophysiology / Altered states of consciousness / Meditation / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment / Emotion / Brain structure and function

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2004-034.03
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 14/2004
Title:	fMRI and photo emission study of presentiment: The role of "coherence" in retrocausal processes
Publication year:	2008
URL:	http://www.bial.com/imagem/Actas_7Simp.pdf
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: The rationale behind this experiment is that presentiment is supposed to be explained as an example of time-symmetry in physics. In physics, time symmetry generally is not observed, but theoretical considerations suggest that the breaking of time-symmetry is due to the asymmetry in the availability of coherent multi particle transmitters, such as lasers, and coherent multi particle absorbers. Time symmetry might therefore occur when the brain state is extremely coherent. Meditation is thought to be a practice resulting in such coherent brain states. Therefore our main hypothesis is that meditators show larger presentiment effects. Presentiment effects are measured by comparing the brain activity before emotional stimuli with the brain activity before neutral stimuli. Because these stimuli are presented randomly and the subject cannot know which type of stimulus will be presented there should be no difference. In order to evaluate this hypothesis we cannot use a whole brain analysis but should focus on certain regions in order to reduce the otherwise required corrections for multiple analysis. The strategy we used was to establish which brain regions do behave differently in control subjects and meditators when stimuli are presented irrespective of the type of stimulus. So in assessing these brain regions for possible presentiment we do NOT select on the basis of later differential behaviour between emotional and neutral stimuli because such a selection would basically result in spurious results as the signals before and after the stimulus are correlated. Eight experienced meditators were trained to meditate in the hostile environment of brain scanner. There they were presented with, in total, 64 random neutral, erotic and violent visual stimuli during meditation in the scanner. In a separate session they were presented similar stimuli during the resting state. The resting state measurements were also compared to data obtained from 8 control subjects. First we analyzed the ‘normal’ i.e. causal effects of the stimuli on the brain activity as measured by Bold-levels in the brain. In total we found 36 brain regions that showed significant contrast between the session when the meditators were meditating and when they were not meditating and comparing the control subjects in rest with the meditator in rest. Substantial effects of meditation on brain processing of different emotional visual stimuli were found in several brain regions. The relatively largest direct effects of meditation concerned Brodmann areas 18 and 19 in the Lingual Gyrus. Long term effects of meditation, inferred from the contrast between meditators in rest with control-subjects in rest, were only found in brain regions that have been shown to be involved in attention. For the evaluation of the hypothesis concerning presentiment we focused on the analysis of the anticipatory brain signals preceding neutral and emotional visual stimuli in the 36 regions of interest. In previous work with unselected subjects it was found that these anticipatory signals are dependent on the type of the future stimulus, in spite of the fact that at the time the signals are recorded the future stimulus is completely unknown and will be selected randomly. The semi-qualitative analyses of the current results show that indeed this presentiment effect could be replicated in the brain scanner with control subjects. Experienced meditators showed stronger presentiment especially when they were meditating. The effect of meditation was quite clearly that the ‘retrocausal’ effect of violent stimuli was reduced resulting in a relative larger contribution of erotic presentiment. However, stronger conclusions, also with respect to spatial distribution of the effect, can only be drawn after full quantitative evaluation, which currently is in process.
Accessibility:	Document does not exist in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Bierman, D.
Secondary author(s):	Van Wijk, E.
Document type:	Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:	3
Reference:	Bierman, D., & Van Wijk, E. (2008). fMRI and photo emission study of presentiment: The role of "coherence" in retrocausal processes. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 7th Symposium of Fundação Bial. Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document:	No
Keywords:	Coherent brain states / Meditation / Presentiment / Emotion / Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
fMRI and photo emission study of presentiment: The role of "coherence" in retrocausal processes

Document

Electrocortical activity prior to unpredictable stimuli in meditators and nonmeditators

2011

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2008 Grants
    - 063 - Experimental tests of the role of consciousness in the physical world
      - Electrocortical activity prior to unpredictable stimuli in meditators and nonmeditators

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:	2008 Grants
Start date:	2009-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008-063
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2008
Title:	063 - Experimental tests of the role of consciousness in the physical world
Duration:	2009-02 - 2011-02
Researcher(s):	Dean Radin, Paul Wendland, Robert Rickenbach, Cassandra Vieten
Institution(s):	Institute of Noetic Sciences, Petaluma, California (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report Article
Language:	eng
Author:	Radin, D.
Secondary author(s):	Wendland, P., Rickenbach, R., Vieten, C.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Parapsychology and Psychophysiology / Psychokinesis (PK) / Altered states of consciousness / Meditation / Consciousness

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008-063.02
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2008
Title:	Electrocortical activity prior to unpredictable stimuli in meditators and nonmeditators
Publication year:	2011
URL:	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S155083071100156X
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: Advanced meditators occasionally report experiences of timelessness, or states of awareness that seem to transcend the usual boundaries of the subjective present. This type of experience was investigated in eight experienced meditators and eight matched controls by measuring 32 channels of EEG before, during, and after exposure to unpredictable light and sound stimuli. The experiment postulated that if some aspect of consciousness extends beyond the present moment, then prestimulus electrocortical signals should differ depending on stimuli that were about to be selected by a truly random process, and that if such experiences were catalyzed through meditation practice, then prestimulus differences should be more apparent in meditators than in nonmeditators. Each of the 32 EEG channels was baseline adjusted on each trial by the electrical potential averaged between two- and one-second prestimulus, then for each channel the average potential was determined from one-second prestimulus to stimulus onset. The resulting means across subjects in each group were compared by stimulus type using randomized permutation procedures and corrected for multiple comparisons. Within the control group, no EEG channels showed significant prestimulus differences between light versus sound stimulus conditions, but within the meditator group five of 32 channels resulted in significant differences (P < .05, two tailed). Comparisons between control and meditator groups showed significant prestimulus differences prior to audio tone stimuli in 14 of 32 channels (P < .05, two tailed, of which eight channels were P < .005, two tailed). This outcome successfully replicates effects reported in earlier experiments, suggesting that sometimes the subjective sense of awareness extending into the future may be ontologically accurate.
Accessibility:	Document does not exist in file
Language:	eng
Related objects:	PT/FB/BL-2008-167.02
Author:	Radin, D.
Secondary author(s):	Vieten, C., Michel, L., Delorme, A.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	3
Reference:	Radin, D., Vieten, C., Michel, L., & Delorme, A. (2011). Electrocortical activity prior to unpredictable stimuli in meditators and nonmeditators. Explore: The Journal of Science and Healing, 7(5), 286-299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2011.06.004
2-year Impact Factor:	1.027\|2011
Times cited:	17\|2025-02-10
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q3
Keywords:	Consciousness / Meditation / Prestimulus response / Time perception / Anticipation / Presentiment

File

170 - Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation

2007-01

2008-10

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2006 Grants
    - 170 - Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2006
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:	2006 Grants
Start date:	2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:	22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2006-170
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2006
Title:	170 - Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation
Duration:	2007-01 - 2008-10
Researcher(s):	Dean Radin
Institution(s):	Institute of Noetic Sciences, California (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report
Language:	eng
Author:	Radin, D.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment

Document

Final report - Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation

2008

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2006 Grants
    - 170 - Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation
      - Final report - Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2006
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:	2006 Grants
Start date:	2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:	22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2006-170
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2006
Title:	170 - Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation
Duration:	2007-01 - 2008-10
Researcher(s):	Dean Radin
Institution(s):	Institute of Noetic Sciences, California (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report
Language:	eng
Author:	Radin, D.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2006-170.01
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2006
Title:	Final report - Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation
Publication year:	2008
URL:	http://www.bial.com/imagem/Bolsa17006_29102013.pdf
Abstract/Results:	RESULTS: A broad range of human activity is involved in anticipatory behavior, from the placebo effect, to predicting the next influenza strain, to catching a baseball. Conventional models of anticipation assume that events unfold in a strictly unidirectional flow of time, from past to future. This assumption was tested experimentally. Pupillary dilation, spontaneous blinking, and eye movements were tracked before, during and after participants viewed photographs with varying degrees of emotional affect. Photos were selected uniformly at random with replacement from the International Affective Picture System. Eye data prior to exposure to emotional and calm photos were compared using nonparametric differential procedures. Eye data were predicted to show larger anticipatory responses before emotional photos than before calm photos, under conditions that excluded sensory cues, statistical cues, and other conventional means of inferring future events. Pupillary dilation and spontaneous blinking increased more before emotional vs. calm photos (combined p = 0.00009). Horizontal eye movements indicated a brain hemisphere asymmetry before viewing the photos that was appropriate to both the emotionality (p = 0.05) and the valence of the future images (p = 0.01). Overall females tended to perform better than males. In alignment with the outcomes of previous studies based on other physiological variables, this outcome suggests that comprehensive models of anticipatory behaviour may require consideration of transtemporal influences from the future.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:	By permission
Language:	eng
Related objects:	PT/FB/BL-2006-170.02
Notes:	This final report is a previous version of an article submitted for publication
Author:	Radin, D.
Document type:	Final report
Number of reproductions:	2
Indexed document:	No
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Anticipation / Presentiment / Pupillary dilation / Blinking / Intuition
Final report - What does the seer see

Document

Intuition through time: What does the seer see?

2009

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2006 Grants
    - 170 - Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation
      - Intuition through time: What does the seer see?

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2006
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:	2006 Grants
Start date:	2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:	22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2006-170
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2006
Title:	170 - Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation
Duration:	2007-01 - 2008-10
Researcher(s):	Dean Radin
Institution(s):	Institute of Noetic Sciences, California (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report
Language:	eng
Author:	Radin, D.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2006-170.02
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2006
Title:	Intuition through time: What does the seer see?
Publication year:	2009
URL:	http://www.explorejournal.com/article/S1550-8307(09)00157-8/abstract
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: A great deal of human activity is involved in anticipating the future, from predicting the next influenza strain to the expectations that underlie the placebo effect. Most models of anticipation take for granted that events unfold in a unidirectional flow of time, from past to future. Two experiments were conducted to test this assumption. DESIGN: Pupillary dilation, spontaneous blinking, and eye movements were tracked before, during, and after participants viewed photographs with varying degrees of emotional affect. Photos were selected uniformly at random with replacement. Experiment one used 592 photos from the International Affective Picture System; experiment two used a custom-designed pool of 500 photos. Eye data before exposure to the photos were compared by using nonparametric techniques. OUTCOMES MEASURES: Eye data were predicted to show larger anticipatory responses before randomly selected emotional photos than before calm photos, under conditions that excluded sensory cues, statistical cues, and other conventional means of inferring the future. RESULTS: Data contributed by 74 unselected volunteers in two experiments showed that: (a) pupillary dilation and spontaneous blinking were found to increase more before emotional versus calm photos (combined P = .00009), (b) horizontal eye movements indicated a brain hemisphere asymmetry before viewing photos, appropriate to both the emotionality (P = .05) and the valence of the future images (P = .01), (c) participants selected for independently obtaining significant differential effects in pupillary dilation showed positive correlations between their eye movements before versus during exposure to randomly selected photos (P = .002), and (d) a possible “transtemporal interference” effect was observed when the probability of observing future images was varied (P = .05 [two-tailed]). Gender splits on these tests showed that overall females tended to perform better than males. CONCLUSIONS: These studies, which replicate conceptual similar experiments, suggest that sometimes seers do see the future. This implies that developing comprehensive models of anticipatory behavior, from understanding the nature of intuition to the placebo effect, may require consideration of transtemporal and teleological factors.
Accessibility:	Document does not exist in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Radin, D.
Secondary author(s):	Borges, A.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	2
Reference:	Radin, D., & Borges, A. (2009). Intuition through time: What does the seer see? Explore: The Journal of Science and Healing, 5(4), 200-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2009.04.002
2-year Impact Factor:	0.738\|2009
Times cited:	17\|2025-02-07
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q3
Keywords:	Intuition / Anticipation / Eye gaze / Pupillary dilation / Presentiment
Intuition through time: What does the seer see?

Document

Predictive physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: A meta-analysis

2012

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2008 Grants
    - 073 - Learning and Generalization on Psi Perceptual Tasks
      - Predictive physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: A meta-analysis

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:	2008 Grants
Start date:	2009-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008-073
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2008
Title:	073 - Learning and Generalization on Psi Perceptual Tasks
Duration:	2009-01 - 2011-04
Researcher(s):	Julia Mossbridge
Institution(s):	Visual Perception, Cognition, and Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report Unpublished documents
Language:	eng
Related objects:	PT/FB/BL-2010-141
Author:	Mossbridge, J.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / Cognitive processes / Learning

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008-073.03
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2008
Title:	Predictive physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: A meta-analysis
Publication year:	2012
URL:	http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3478568/pdf/fpsyg-03-00390.pdf
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: This meta-analysis of 26 reports published between 1978 and 2010 tests an unusual hypothesis: for stimuli of two or more types that are presented in an order designed to be unpredictable and that produce different post-stimulus physiological activity, the direction of pre-stimulus physiological activity reflects the direction of post-stimulus physiological activity, resulting in an unexplained anticipatory effect. The reports we examined used one of two paradigms: (1) randomly ordered presentations of arousing vs. neutral stimuli, or (2) guessing tasks with feedback (correct vs. incorrect). Dependent variables included: electrodermal activity, heart rate, blood volume, pupil dilation, electroencephalographic activity, and blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) activity. To avoid including data hand-picked from multiple different analyses, no post hoc experiments were considered. The results reveal a significant overall effect with a small effect size [fixed effect: overall ES=0.21, 95% CI=0.15–0.27, z=6.9, p<2.7×10-12; random effects: overall (weighted) ES=0.21, 95% CI=0.13–0.29, z=5.3, p<5.7×10-8]. Higher quality experiments produced a quantitatively larger effect size and a greater level of significance than lower quality studies. The number of contrary unpublished reports that would be necessary to reduce the level of significance to chance (p>0.05) was conservatively calculated to be 87 reports. We explore alternative explanations and examine the potential linkage between this unexplained anticipatory activity and other results demonstrating meaningful pre-stimulus activity preceding behaviorally relevant events. We conclude that to further examine this currently unexplained anticipatory activity, multiple replications arising from different laboratories using the same methods are necessary. The cause of this anticipatory activity, which undoubtedly lies within the realm of natural physical processes (as opposed to supernatural or paranormal ones), remains to be determined.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:	By permission
Language:	eng
Related objects:	PT/FB/BL-2010-141.02
Author:	Mossbridge, J.
Secondary author(s):	Tressoldi, P., Utts, J.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	2
Reference:	Mossbridge, J., Tressoldi, P., & Utts, J. (2012). Predictive physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 3, 390, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00390
2-year Impact Factor:	2.843\|2013
Impact factor notes:	Impact factor computed since 2013
Times cited:	60\|2025-02-10
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q1
Keywords:	Prestimulus activity / Anticipatory physiology / Temporal processing / Psychophysiology / Presentiment / Predictive processing
Predictive physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: A meta-analysis

Document

Physiological markers of future outcomes: Three experiements on subconsciouspsi perception during concurrent performance of a guessing task

2010

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2008 Grants
    - 073 - Learning and Generalization on Psi Perceptual Tasks
      - Physiological markers of future outcomes: Three experiements on subconsciouspsi perception during concurrent performance of a guessing task

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:	2008 Grants
Start date:	2009-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008-073
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2008
Title:	073 - Learning and Generalization on Psi Perceptual Tasks
Duration:	2009-01 - 2011-04
Researcher(s):	Julia Mossbridge
Institution(s):	Visual Perception, Cognition, and Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report Unpublished documents
Language:	eng
Related objects:	PT/FB/BL-2010-141
Author:	Mossbridge, J.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / Cognitive processes / Learning

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008-073.04
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2008
Title:	Physiological markers of future outcomes: Three experiements on subconsciouspsi perception during concurrent performance of a guessing task
Publication year:	2010
URL:	http://www.parapsych.org/uploaded_files/pdfs/00/00/00/00/24/2011_pa_convention_abstracts.pdf
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: Physiological responses to arousing (vs. calm) stimuli arriving 3-7 seconds in the future have been described in peer-reviewed journals using five different physiological measures in at least four different laboratories. However, only a handful of these have used tasks in which participants must perform conscious guessing at targets. In order to eventually improve performance at intuitive guessing, understanding the mechanisms of physiological presentiment effects during the performance of behavioral guessing tasks is critical. To address this gap in knowledge, we performed three experiments. Our hypothesis for all three experiments was that two measures of autonomic state, heart pulse period or inter-beat-interval (IBI) and skin conductance (SC), would both show distinct and significantly different patterns associated with future correct vs. incorrect guesses in a guessing task. In the first two experiments we show that at the group level, significant differences in heart period are observed, such that IBI is higher preceding a correct guess than an incorrect guess. However, at least at the group level, there was no SC difference associated with correctness or incorrectness of a future guess in either of the two experiments. The third experiment found no significant anticipatory effects. Finally, an exploratory analysis comparing data from all females to all males across the four experiments showed that while at the group level SC was not responsive to correctness of future guesses in any experiment, a robust sex difference in SC anticipatory responses exists, in which males have increased skin conductance preceding correct vs. incorrect guesses, while females show the reverse pattern. None of the significant effects in any of the experiments or the post-hoc sex difference analysis could be explained by expectation bias. Reasons for the lack of a significant effect in the third experiment are discussed. Overall, the results support the hypothesis.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file (full paper)
Copyright/Reproduction:	By permission
Language:	eng
Related objects:	PT/FB/BL-2010-141.05
Author:	Mossbridge, J.
Secondary author(s):	Grabowecky, M., Suzuki, S.
Document type:	Abstract book
Number of reproductions:	2
Reference:	Mossbridge, J., Grabowecky, M., & Suzuki, S. (2011). Physiological markers of future outcomes: Three experiments on subconscious psi perception during concurrent performance of a guessing task. In M. Kittenis (Ed.), Abstracts of Presented Papers of the 54th Annual Convention of the Parapsychological Association (p. 17). Curitiba, Brazil: Parapsychological Association.
Indexed document:	No
Keywords:	Precognition / Anticipatory physiological effects / Presentiment
Novo ficheiro

Document

Electrocortical activity prior to unpredictable stimuli in meditators and nonmeditators

2011

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2008 Grants
    - 167 - Testing the ontological status of the experience of meditation-induced timeless states
      - Electrocortical activity prior to unpredictable stimuli in meditators and nonmeditators

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:	2008 Grants
Start date:	2009-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008-167
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 7/2008
Title:	167 - Testing the ontological status of the experience of meditation-induced timeless states
Duration:	2009-02 - 2010-07
Researcher(s):	Cassandra Vieten, Dean Radin, Marilyn Schlitz
Institution(s):	Institute of Noetic Sciences, Petaluma, California (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report Article
Language:	eng
Author:	Vieten, C.
Secondary author(s):	Radin, D., Schlitz, M.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Parapsychology and Psychophysiology / Altered states of consciousness / Meditation / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / Brain structure and function

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2008-167.02
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 7/2008
Title:	Electrocortical activity prior to unpredictable stimuli in meditators and nonmeditators
Publication year:	2011
Institution(s):	http://media.noetic.org/uploads/files/Explore-Radin-Vieten-Meditators-2011.pdf
URL:	http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21907152
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: Advanced meditators occasionally report experiences of timelessness, or states of awareness that seem to transcend the usual boundaries of the subjective present. This type of experience was investigated in eight experienced meditators and eight matched controls by measuring 32 channels of EEG before, during, and after exposure to unpredictable light and sound stimuli. The experiment postulated that if some aspect of consciousness extends beyond the present moment, then prestimulus electrocortical signals should differ depending on stimuli that were about to be selected by a truly random process, and that if such experiences were catalyzed through meditation practice, then prestimulus differences should be more apparent in meditators than in nonmeditators. Each of the 32 EEG channels was baseline adjusted on each trial by the electrical potential averaged between two- and one-second prestimulus, then for each channel the average potential was determined from one-second prestimulus to stimulus onset. The resulting means across subjects in each group were compared by stimulus type using randomized permutation procedures and corrected for multiple comparisons. Within the control group, no EEG channels showed significant prestimulus differences between light versus sound stimulus conditions, but within the meditator group five of 32 channels resulted in significant differences (P < .05, two tailed). Comparisons between control and meditator groups showed significant prestimulus differences prior to audio tone stimuli in 14 of 32 channels (P < .05, two tailed, of which eight channels were P < .005, two tailed). This outcome successfully replicates effects reported in earlier experiments, suggesting that sometimes the subjective sense of awareness extending into the future may be ontologically accurate.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:	By permission
Language:	eng
Related objects:	PT/FB/BL-2008-63.02
Notes:	This document is a previous version of the article submitted to the "Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"
Author:	Radin, D.
Secondary author(s):	Vieten, C., Michel, L., Delorme, A.
Document type:	Article-d
Number of reproductions:	3
Reference:	Radin, D., Vieten, C., Michel, L. & Delorme, A. (2011). Electrocortical Activity Prior to Unpredictable Stimuli in Meditators and Nonmeditators. Explore: The Journal of Science and Healing, 7(5), 286-299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2011.06.004
2-year Impact Factor:	1.027\|2011
Times cited:	17\|2025-02-10
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q3
Keywords:	Consciousness / Time perception / Anticipation / Meditation / Presentiment / Prestimulus response
Novo ficheiro

Document

Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation

2010

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2006 Grants
    - 170 - Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation
      - Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2006
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:	2006 Grants
Start date:	2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:	22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2006-170
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2006
Title:	170 - Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation
Duration:	2007-01 - 2008-10
Researcher(s):	Dean Radin
Institution(s):	Institute of Noetic Sciences, California (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress report Final report
Language:	eng
Author:	Radin, D.
Number of reproductions:	2
Keywords:	Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2006-170.03
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2006
Title:	Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation
Publication year:	2010
URL:	http://www.bial.com/simposio/Livro_de_Actas_8_Simposio.pdf
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: A broad range of human activity is involved in anticipatory behavior, from the placebo effect, to predicting the next influenza strain, to catching a baseball. Conventional models of anticipation assume that events unfold in a unidirectional flow of time, strictly from past to future. This assumption was tested using the behavior of the eye as a means of detecting unconscious perceptions of future events. METHOD: Pupillary dilation, spontaneous blinking, and eye movements were tracked before, during and after participants viewed photographs with varying degrees of emotional affect. Photos were selected uniformly at random, with replacement, from the International Affective Picture System. Eye data prior to exposure to emotional vs. calm photos were compared using nonparametric differential procedures. Eye data were predicted to show larger anticipatory responses before emotional photos than before calm photos under conditions that excluded sensory cues, statistical cues, and other conventional means of inferring future events. RESULTS: Pupillary dilation and spontaneous blinking increased more before emotional vs. calm photos (combined p = 0.00009). Horizontal eye movements indicated a brain hemisphere asymmetry before viewing the photos that was appropriate to both the emotionality (p = 0.05) and the valence of the future images (p = 0.01). Overall females tended to perform better than males. CONCLUSION: In agreement with the outcomes of previous studies using other physiological variables to detect “presentiment” effects, this experiment suggested that comprehensive models of anticipatory behavior may require consideration of transtemporal influences from the future.
Accessibility:	Document does not exist in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Radin, D.
Document type:	Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:	2
Reference:	Radin, D. (2010). Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 8th Symposium of Fundação Bial (p. 245). Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document:	No
Keywords:	Anticipation / Presentiment / Pupillary dilation / Blinking
Seeing the future: Exploring presentiment with eye gaze and pupillary dilation

File

141 - Pattern classification of emotion-induced physiological changes

2011-04

2015-02

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2010 Grants
    - 141 - Pattern classification of emotion-induced physiological changes

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2010
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 23
Title:	2010 Grants
Start date:	2011-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2010-141
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 15/2010
Title:	141 - Pattern classification of emotion-induced physiological changes
Duration:	2011-04 - 2015-02
Researcher(s):	Julia Mossbridge, David Little
Institution(s):	Northwestern University Visual Perception, Cognition, and Neuroscience Laboratory, Evanston (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress reports Final report 3 Articles 1 Book chapter 2 Conference paper
Language:	eng
Related objects:	PT/FB/BL-2008-73
Author:	Mossbridge, J.
Secondary author(s):	Little, D.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Parapsychology and Psychophysiology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment / Precognition / Assessment tools

Document

Predictive physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: A meta-analysis

2012

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2010 Grants
    - 141 - Pattern classification of emotion-induced physiological changes
      - Predictive physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: A meta-analysis

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2010
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 23
Title:	2010 Grants
Start date:	2011-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2010-141
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 15/2010
Title:	141 - Pattern classification of emotion-induced physiological changes
Duration:	2011-04 - 2015-02
Researcher(s):	Julia Mossbridge, David Little
Institution(s):	Northwestern University Visual Perception, Cognition, and Neuroscience Laboratory, Evanston (USA)
Contents:	Contents: Bursary agreement Application form Correspondence Financial report and expenditure documents Progress reports Final report 3 Articles 1 Book chapter 2 Conference paper
Language:	eng
Related objects:	PT/FB/BL-2008-73
Author:	Mossbridge, J.
Secondary author(s):	Little, D.
Number of reproductions:	3
Keywords:	Parapsychology and Psychophysiology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Presentiment / Precognition / Assessment tools

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2010-141.02
Location:	Arquivo PCA - Pasta 15/2010
Title:	Predictive physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: A meta-analysis
Publication year:	2012
URL:	http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00390/full
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: This meta-analysis of 26 reports published between 1978 and 2010 tests an unusual hypothesis: for stimuli of two or more types that are presented in an order designed to be unpredictable and that produce different post-stimulus physiological activity, the direction of pre-stimulus physiological activity reflects the direction of post-stimulus physiological activity, resulting in an unexplained anticipatory effect. The reports we examined used one of two paradigms: (1) randomly ordered presentations of arousing vs. neutral stimuli, or (2) guessing tasks with feedback (correct vs. incorrect). Dependent variables included: electrodermal activity, heart rate, blood volume, pupil dilation, electroencephalographic activity, and blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) activity. To avoid including data hand-picked from multiple different analyses, no post hoc experiments were considered. The results reveal a significant overall effect with a small effect size [fixed effect: overall ES=0.21, 95% CI=0.15–0.27, z=6.9, p<2.7×10-12; random effects: overall (weighted) ES=0.21, 95% CI=0.13–0.29, z=5.3, p<5.7×10-8]. Higher quality experiments produced a quantitatively larger effect size and a greater level of significance than lower quality studies. The number of contrary unpublished reports that would be necessary to reduce the level of significance to chance (p>0.05) was conservatively calculated to be 87 reports. We explore alternative explanations and examine the potential linkage between this unexplained anticipatory activity and other results demonstrating meaningful pre-stimulus activity preceding behaviorally relevant events. We conclude that to further examine this currently unexplained anticipatory activity, multiple replications arising from different laboratories using the same methods are necessary. The cause of this anticipatory activity, which undoubtedly lies within the realm of natural physical processes (as opposed to supernatural or paranormal ones), remains to be determined.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:	By permission
Language:	eng
Related objects:	PT/FB/BL-2008-73.03
Author:	Mossbridge, J.
Secondary author(s):	Tressoldi, P., Utts, J.
Document type:	Article-d
Number of reproductions:	3
Reference:	Mossbridge, J., Tressoldi, P., & Utts, J. (2012). Predictive physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 3, 390, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00390
2-year Impact Factor:	2.843\|2013
Impact factor notes:	Impact factor computed since 2013
Times cited:	60\|2025-02-10
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q1
Keywords:	Prestimulus activity / Anticipatory physiology / Temporal processing / Psychophysiology / Presentiment / Predictive processing
Predictive physiological anticipation preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: A meta-analysis