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091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach

2021-02

2024-02

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2020 Grants
    - 091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2020 Grants
Start date:	2021-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
Duration:	2021-02 - 2024-02
Researcher(s):	Giulio Bernardi, Giulia Avvenuti, Michele Bellesi, Valentina Elce, Emanuela Merelli
Institution(s):	IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca (Italy); University of Camerino (Italy)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Bernardi, G.
Secondary author(s):	Avvenuti, G., Bellesi, M., Elce, V., Merelli, E.
Number of reproductions:	1
Keywords:	Dreams / Daydreaming / Language / Consciousness / Psychophysiology

Document

The language of dreams: Application of linguistics-based approaches for the automated analysis of dream experiences

2021

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2020 Grants
    - 091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
      - The language of dreams: Application of linguistics-based approaches for the automated analysis of dream experiences

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2020 Grants
Start date:	2021-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
Duration:	2021-02 - 2024-02
Researcher(s):	Giulio Bernardi, Giulia Avvenuti, Michele Bellesi, Valentina Elce, Emanuela Merelli
Institution(s):	IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca (Italy); University of Camerino (Italy)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Bernardi, G.
Secondary author(s):	Avvenuti, G., Bellesi, M., Elce, V., Merelli, E.
Number of reproductions:	1
Keywords:	Dreams / Daydreaming / Language / Consciousness / Psychophysiology

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091.02
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	The language of dreams: Application of linguistics-based approaches for the automated analysis of dream experiences
Publication year:	2021
URL:	https://www.mdpi.com/2624-5175/3/3/35
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: The study of dreams represents a crucial intersection between philosophical, psychological, neuroscientific, and clinical interests. Importantly, one of the main sources of insight into dreaming activity are the (oral or written) reports provided by dreamers upon awakening from their sleep. Classically, two main types of information are commonly extracted from dream reports: structural and semantic, content-related information. Extracted structural information is typically limited to the simple count of words or sentences in a report. Instead, content analysis usually relies on quantitative scores assigned by two or more (blind) human operators through the use of predefined coding systems. Within this review, we will show that methods borrowed from the field of linguistic analysis, such as graph analysis, dictionary-based content analysis, and distributional semantics approaches, could be used to complement and, in many cases, replace classical measures and scales for the quantitative structural and semantic assessment of dream reports. Importantly, these methods allow the direct (operator-independent) extraction of quantitative information from language data, hence enabling a fully objective and reproducible analysis of conscious experiences occurring during human sleep. Most importantly, these approaches can be partially or fully automatized and may thus be easily applied to the analysis of large datasets.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Elce, V.
Secondary author(s):	Handjaras, G., Bernardi, G.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	1
Reference:	Elce, V., Handjaras, G., & Bernardi, G. (2021). The language of dreams: Application of linguistics-based approaches for the automated analysis of dream experiences. Clocks & Sleep, 3(3), 495–514. https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep3030035
2-year Impact Factor:	3.1\|2022
Impact factor notes:	Impact factor only available since 2022
Times cited:	11\|2025-02-14
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q3
Keywords:	Dreaming / Graph analysis / Word embedding / Semantics

Document

Influencing dreams through sensory stimulation: A systematic review

2024

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2020 Grants
    - 091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
      - Influencing dreams through sensory stimulation: A systematic review

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2020 Grants
Start date:	2021-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
Duration:	2021-02 - 2024-02
Researcher(s):	Giulio Bernardi, Giulia Avvenuti, Michele Bellesi, Valentina Elce, Emanuela Merelli
Institution(s):	IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca (Italy); University of Camerino (Italy)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Bernardi, G.
Secondary author(s):	Avvenuti, G., Bellesi, M., Elce, V., Merelli, E.
Number of reproductions:	1
Keywords:	Dreams / Daydreaming / Language / Consciousness / Psychophysiology

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091.03
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	Influencing dreams through sensory stimulation: A systematic review
Publication year:	2024
URL:	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1087079224000121?via%3Dihub
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: Sleep is typically considered a state of disconnection from the environment, yet instances of external sensory stimuli influencing dreams have been reported for centuries. Explaining this phenomenon could provide valuable insight into dreams' generative and functional mechanisms, the factors that promote sleep continuity, and the processes that underlie conscious awareness. Moreover, harnessing sensory stimuli for dream engineering could benefit individuals suffering from dream-related alterations. This PRISMA-compliant systematic review assessed the current evidence concerning the influence of sensory stimulation on sleep mentation. We included 51 publications, of which 21 focused on auditory stimulation, ten on somatosensory stimulation, eight on olfactory stimulation, four on visual stimulation, two on vestibular stimulation, and one on multimodal stimulation. Furthermore, nine references explored conditioned associative stimulation: six focused on targeted memory reactivation protocols and three on targeted lucid reactivation protocols. The reported frequency of stimulus-dependent dream changes across studies ranged from 0 to ~80%, likely reflecting a considerable heterogeneity of definitions and methodological approaches. Our findings highlight a lack of comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms, functions, and neurophysiological correlates of stimulus-dependent dream changes. We suggest that a paradigm shift is required for meaningful progress in this field.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Salvesen, L.
Secondary author(s):	Capriglia, E., Dresler, M., Bernardi, G.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	1
Reference:	Salvesen, L., Capriglia, E., Dresler, M., & Bernardi, G. (2024). Influencing dreams through sensory stimulation: A systematic review. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 74, 101908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101908
2-year Impact Factor:	11.2\|2023
Impact factor notes:	Impact factor not available yet for 2024
Times cited:	8\|2025-02-19
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	Q1
Keywords:	Sleep / Dreaming / Consciousness / Sensory stimulation / Sensory processing / Incorporation / Modulation
Influencing dreams through sensory stimulation: A systematic review

Document

Final report - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach

2024

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2020 Grants
    - 091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
      - Final report - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2020 Grants
Start date:	2021-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
Duration:	2021-02 - 2024-02
Researcher(s):	Giulio Bernardi, Giulia Avvenuti, Michele Bellesi, Valentina Elce, Emanuela Merelli
Institution(s):	IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca (Italy); University of Camerino (Italy)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Bernardi, G.
Secondary author(s):	Avvenuti, G., Bellesi, M., Elce, V., Merelli, E.
Number of reproductions:	1
Keywords:	Dreams / Daydreaming / Language / Consciousness / Psychophysiology

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091.01
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	Final report - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
Publication year:	2024
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: Background The study of dreams represents a crucial intersection between psychological, neuroscientific, and clinical interests. Given the high cost of dream research in terms of human effort and funding, open science and the building of large-scale repositories will be key to significant advances in the field. Aims Here, we created Somnieve, a large open-source database collecting dream reports along with demographic information and psychometric, cognitive, and EEG measures obtained from healthy adults. Method Participants wore an actigraph and recorded a report of their last dream experience every morning for two weeks. Moreover, they completed a battery of questionnaires and cognitive tests. A subgroup of volunteers also wore a portable EEG system during sleep. Several analyses were conducted to illustrate the potential applications of the Somnieve dataset for exploring the individual determinants of dream content and recall. Results Two-hundred-twenty volunteers completed the study (94M, 18-70y). Of these, 50 used the EEG device. Using multiple regression analyses, we found that attitude toward dreaming, vulnerability to interference, verbal memory, proneness to mind-wandering, and advanced sleep phase represent independent predictors of dream recall. Moreover, we trained an LSTM classifier to quantitatively analyze dream content with respect to 16 semantic features and found a medium to high agreement between automatic and human scoring. Conclusions The Somnieve database will be openly released, allowing other researchers to pursue new questions regarding the determinants of dream content and recall in physiological conditions. Moreover, Somnieve will represent a reference for further studies investigating dream changes in pathological conditions.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Bernardi, G.
Secondary author(s):	Bellesi, M.
Document type:	Final report
Number of reproductions:	1
Reference:	Bernardi, G., & Bellesi, M. (2024). Final report - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach.
Indexed document:	No
Keywords:	Sleep / Dream / Sleep mentation / Natural language processing
Final report - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach

Document

The matter dreams are made of: a dictionary-based analysis and categorization of dream reports

2022

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2020 Grants
    - 091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
      - The matter dreams are made of: a dictionary-based analysis and categorization of dream reports

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2020 Grants
Start date:	2021-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
Duration:	2021-02 - 2024-02
Researcher(s):	Giulio Bernardi, Giulia Avvenuti, Michele Bellesi, Valentina Elce, Emanuela Merelli
Institution(s):	IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca (Italy); University of Camerino (Italy)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Bernardi, G.
Secondary author(s):	Avvenuti, G., Bellesi, M., Elce, V., Merelli, E.
Number of reproductions:	1
Keywords:	Dreams / Daydreaming / Language / Consciousness / Psychophysiology

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091.04
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	The matter dreams are made of: a dictionary-based analysis and categorization of dream reports
Publication year:	2022
URL:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.123
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Elce, V.
Secondary author(s):	Lomi, F., Bergamo, D., Capriglia, E., Avvenuti, G., Bellesi, M., Handjaras, G., Bernardi, G.
Document type:	Abstract
Number of reproductions:	1
Reference:	Elce, V., Lomi, F., Bergamo, D., Capriglia, E., Avvenuti, G., Bellesi, M., Handjaras, G., & Bernardi, G. (2022). The matter dreams are made of: a dictionary-based analysis and categorization of dream reports. Sleep Medicine, 100(Supplement 1), S41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.123
Indexed document:	No
Keywords:	Verbal reports / Sleep quality / Mental imagery

Document

Trait predictors of dream recall frequency in healthy adult individuals

2022

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2020 Grants
    - 091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
      - Trait predictors of dream recall frequency in healthy adult individuals

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2020 Grants
Start date:	2021-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
Duration:	2021-02 - 2024-02
Researcher(s):	Giulio Bernardi, Giulia Avvenuti, Michele Bellesi, Valentina Elce, Emanuela Merelli
Institution(s):	IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca (Italy); University of Camerino (Italy)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Bernardi, G.
Secondary author(s):	Avvenuti, G., Bellesi, M., Elce, V., Merelli, E.
Number of reproductions:	1
Keywords:	Dreams / Daydreaming / Language / Consciousness / Psychophysiology

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091.05
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	Trait predictors of dream recall frequency in healthy adult individuals
Publication year:	2022
URL:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.125
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Elce, V.
Secondary author(s):	Bergamo, D., Lomi, F., Bellesi, M., Handjaras, G., Bernardi, G.
Document type:	Abstract
Number of reproductions:	1
Reference:	Elce, V., Bergamo, D., Lomi, F., Bellesi, M., Handjaras, G., & Bernardi, G. (2022). Trait predictors of dream recall frequency in healthy adult individuals. Sleep Medicine, 100(Supplement 1), S42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.125
Indexed document:	Yes
Trait predictors of dream recall frequency in healthy adult individuals

Document

The individual determinants of morning dream recall

2025

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2020 Grants
    - 091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
      - The individual determinants of morning dream recall

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2020 Grants
Start date:	2021-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
Duration:	2021-02 - 2024-02
Researcher(s):	Giulio Bernardi, Giulia Avvenuti, Michele Bellesi, Valentina Elce, Emanuela Merelli
Institution(s):	IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca (Italy); University of Camerino (Italy)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Bernardi, G.
Secondary author(s):	Avvenuti, G., Bellesi, M., Elce, V., Merelli, E.
Number of reproductions:	1
Keywords:	Dreams / Daydreaming / Language / Consciousness / Psychophysiology

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091.07
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	The individual determinants of morning dream recall
Publication year:	2025
URL:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-025-00191-z
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: Evidence suggests that (almost) everyone dreams during their sleep and may actually do so for a large part of the night. Yet, dream recall shows large interindividual variability. Understanding the factors that influence dream recall is crucial for advancing our knowledge regarding dreams' origin, significance, and functions. Here, we tackled this issue by prospectively collecting dream reports along with demographic information and psychometric, cognitive, actigraphic, and electroencephalographic measures in 217 healthy adults (18-70 y, 116 female participants, 101 male participants). We found that attitude towards dreaming, proneness to mind wandering, and sleep patterns are associated with the probability of reporting a dream upon morning awakening. The likelihood of recalling dream content was predicted by age and vulnerability to interference. Moreover, dream recall appeared to be influenced by night-by-night changes in sleep patterns and showed seasonal fluctuations. Our results provide an account for previous observations regarding inter- and intra-individual variability in morning dream recall.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Elce, V
Secondary author(s):	Bergamo, D., Bontempi, G., Pedreschi, B., Bellesi, M., Handjaras, G., Bernardi, G.
Document type:	Article
Number of reproductions:	1
Reference:	Elce, V., Bergamo, D., Bontempi, G., Pedreschi, B., Bellesi, M., Handjaras, G., & Bernardi, G. (2025). The individual determinants of morning dream recall. Communications Psychology, 3(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-025-00191-z
2-year Impact Factor:	N/Y
Impact factor notes:	Impact factor not available yet for 2025
Times cited:	N/Y
Indexed document:	Yes
Quartile:	N/Y
Keywords:	Dreams / Dream recall / Inter-individual variability / Intra-individual variability
The individual determinants of morning dream recall

Document

Automatic annotation of dream report’s emotional content with large language models

2024

BIAL Foundation Archive
- BIAL Grants
  - 2020 Grants
    - 091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
      - Automatic annotation of dream report’s emotional content with large language models

Reference code:	PT/FB
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Location:	S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:	BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date:	1994
History:	The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives. Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge. Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research. The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world. Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL:	http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility:	By permission

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL
Entity holding:	BIAL Foundation
Title:	BIAL Grants
Start date:	1994
History:	In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology. Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries. The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project. The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665). Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others. The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	2020 Grants
Start date:	2021-01

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	091 - Mentation report analysis across distinct states of consciousness: A linguistic approach
Duration:	2021-02 - 2024-02
Researcher(s):	Giulio Bernardi, Giulia Avvenuti, Michele Bellesi, Valentina Elce, Emanuela Merelli
Institution(s):	IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca (Italy); University of Camerino (Italy)
Contents:	Contents: Application form Correspondence Research Funding Agreement Progress report Final report Articles
Language:	eng
Author:	Bernardi, G.
Secondary author(s):	Avvenuti, G., Bellesi, M., Elce, V., Merelli, E.
Number of reproductions:	1
Keywords:	Dreams / Daydreaming / Language / Consciousness / Psychophysiology

Reference code:	PT/FB/BL-2020-091.06
Location:	BF-GMS
Title:	Automatic annotation of dream report’s emotional content with large language models
Publication year:	2024
URL:	https://aclanthology.org/2024.clpsych-1.7/
Abstract/Results:	ABSTRACT: In the field of dream research, the study of dream content typically relies on the analysis of verbal reports provided by dreamers upon awakening from their sleep. This task is classically performed through manual scoring provided by trained annotators, at a great time expense. While a consistent body of work suggests that natural language processing (NLP) tools can support the automatic analysis of dream reports, proposed methods lacked the ability to reason over a report’s full context and required extensive data pre-processing. Furthermore, in most cases, these methods were not validated against standard manual scoring approaches. In this work, we address these limitations by adopting large language models (LLMs) to study and replicate the manual annotation of dream reports, using a mixture of off-the-shelf and bespoke approaches, with a focus on references to reports’ emotions. Our results show that the off-the-shelf method achieves a low performance probably in light of inherent linguistic differences between reports collected in different (groups of) individuals. On the other hand, the proposed bespoke text classification method achieves a high performance, which is robust against potential biases. Overall, these observations indicate that our approach could find application in the analysis of large dream datasets and may favour reproducibility and comparability of results across studies.
Accessibility:	Document exists in file
Language:	eng
Author:	Bertolini, L.
Secondary author(s):	Elce, V., Michalak, A., Widhoelzl, H.-S., Bernardi, G., Weeds, J.
Document type:	Conference paper
Number of reproductions:	1
Reference:	Bertolini, L., Elce, V., Michalak, A., Widhoelzl, H.-S., Bernardi, G., & Weeds, J. (2024). Automatic annotation of dream report’s emotional content with large language models. In Proceedings of the 9th Workshop on Computational Linguistics and Clinical Psychology (CLPsych 2024) (pp. 92–107). St. Julians, Malta: Association for Computational Linguistics.
Times cited:	N/A
Indexed document:	Yes
Keywords:	Dream reports / Large language models / Emotional content
Automatic annotation of dream report’s emotional content with large language models