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DocumentExperimenter effects in laboratory tests of ESP and PK using a common protocol2006

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 13/2000
Title:
2000 Grants
Start date: 2001-01 - 2014-02
Dimension/support:
13 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-058
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 8/2000
Title:
058 - Are ESP and PK aspects of a unitary phenomenon? Considering the relationship between ESP and PK
Duration: 2001-01 - 2003-10
Researcher(s):
Chris Roe, Paul Stevens
Institution(s): University College Northampton (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Progress reports
Final report (2 copies)
Unpublished document (oral communication)
Language: eng
Author:
Roe, C. A.
Secondary author(s):
Stevens, P.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Psychokinesis (PK) / Psychopraxia

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-058.02
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 8/2000
Title:
Experimenter effects in laboratory tests of ESP and PK using a common protocol
Publication year: 2006
URL:
http://www.scientificexploration.org/journal/jse_20_2_davey.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
This paper describes the fourth in a series of studies that explore the relationship between ESP and PK performance by testing for both using a common protocol so as to control for expectancy effects and experimental artifacts. Following earlier work we were particularly concerned to look for evidence of experimenter effects. Forty participants completed a computerbased greyhound racing game. Races occurred in two blocks of 12, with one block presented as an ESP task and the other as a PK task, though in fact each block included equal numbers of ESP and PK trials presented in random order. Roe and Davey each served as experimenter for 20 sessions and, after briefing each participant, would rate the interaction for warmth, spontaneity and positivity. Performance was non-significantly better than chance overall, but was
significantly so for disguised ESP trials (p = 0.01 1). As predicted, participants who had been briefed by Roe performed better overall than those briefed by Davey; suggestively so overall (p = 0.085) and significantly so for disguised ESP (p = 0.002). Some interaction measures gave promising correlations with task performance, particularly the experimenter's confidence of success (rs = -.43 1, p = 0.007).
Accessibility: Document exists in file (previous version submitted for publication)
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Related objects:
PT/FB/BL-2000-58.06
Notes: An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Parapsychological Association 47th Annual Convention, August 5-8, 2004, Vienna
Author: Roe, C. A.
Secondary author(s):
Davey, R., Stevens, P.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Roe, C. A., Davey, R., & Stevens, P. (2006). Experimenter effects in laboratory tests of ESP and PK using a common protocol. Journal of Scientific Exploration, 20(2), 239-253.
2-year Impact Factor: N/A
Times cited: N/A
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: N/A
Keywords: Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Psychokinesis (PK) / Experimenter effects

Experimenter effects in laboratory tests of ESP and PK using a common protocol

Experimenter effects in laboratory tests of ESP and PK using a common protocol
DocumentExperimenter effects in the ganzfeld2008

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2002
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 21/2002
Title:
2002 Grants
Start date: 2003-01 - 2009-11
Dimension/support:
21 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2002-139
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2002
Title:
139 - Experimenter effects and Psi performance using a digital autoganzfeld system
Duration: 2003-10 - 2008-04
Researcher(s):
Matthew D. Smith
Institution(s): Liverpool Hope University College (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Smith, M.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Paranormal belief / Ganzfeld studies

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2002-139.02
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2002
Title:
Experimenter effects in the ganzfeld
Publication year: 2008
Accessibility:
Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Smith, M.
Secondary author(s):
Savva, L.
Document type:
Conference paper
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Smith, M., & Savva, L. (2008). Experimenter effects in the ganzfeld. In Sherwood, S. J. (Ed.). Parapsychological Association/Society for Psychical Research Annual Conference Proceedings of Presented Papers. University of Winchester.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Parapsychology / Ganzfeld / Experimenter effects
DocumentExperimenter effects and Psi performance using a digital autoganzfeld system2006

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2002
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 21/2002
Title:
2002 Grants
Start date: 2003-01 - 2009-11
Dimension/support:
21 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2002-139
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2002
Title:
139 - Experimenter effects and Psi performance using a digital autoganzfeld system
Duration: 2003-10 - 2008-04
Researcher(s):
Matthew D. Smith
Institution(s): Liverpool Hope University College (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Smith, M.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Paranormal belief / Ganzfeld studies

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2002-139.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2002
Title:
Experimenter effects and Psi performance using a digital autoganzfeld system
Publication year: 2006
URL:
http://www.bial.com/imagem/1178809516livroactas.pdf
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Smith, M.
Document type:
Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Smith, M. (2006). Experimenter effects and Psi performance using a digital autoganzfeld system. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 6th Symposium of Fundação Bial (pp. 262-263). Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Parapsychology / Ganzfeld / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Experimenter effects

Novo ficheiro

Novo ficheiro
DocumentSearching for an optimal level of transliminality in relation to putative psi2009

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-157
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2006
Title:
157 - Enhancing hit rates on psi tests with optimal levels of transliminality
Duration: 2007-01 - 2008-07
Researcher(s):
James Houran
Institution(s): Integrated Knowledge Systems Inc., Springfield (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
3 Articles
Language: eng
Related objects:
PT/FB/BL-2008-59
Notes: The final report consists of two published articles that were recorded and scanned separately
Author: Houran, J.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / Transliminality / Paranormal belief

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-157.02
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2006
Title:
Searching for an optimal level of transliminality in relation to putative psi
Publication year: 2009
Accessibility:
Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Houran, J.
Secondary author(s):
Lange, R.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Houran, J., & Lange, R. (2009). Searching for an optimal level of transliminality in relation to putative psi. Journal of the Society for Psychical Research, 73, 92-102.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Transliminality / Psi / Sheep-goat effect / Experimenter effects / Parapsychology / Rasch scaling / Sex

Searching for an optimal level of transliminality in relation to putative psi

Searching for an optimal level of transliminality in relation to putative psi
DocumentI Ching outcomes from experimental manipulations of transliminality and paranormal belief2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-157
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2006
Title:
157 - Enhancing hit rates on psi tests with optimal levels of transliminality
Duration: 2007-01 - 2008-07
Researcher(s):
James Houran
Institution(s): Integrated Knowledge Systems Inc., Springfield (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
3 Articles
Language: eng
Related objects:
PT/FB/BL-2008-59
Notes: The final report consists of two published articles that were recorded and scanned separately
Author: Houran, J.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / Transliminality / Paranormal belief

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-157.04
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2006
Title:
I Ching outcomes from experimental manipulations of transliminality and paranormal belief
Publication year: 2012
URL:
http://www.aiprinc.org/abstracts_12.htm
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
We explored experimenter effects in a study with the Chinese book of divination the I Ching, which contains 64 hexagrams (6-line structures) and associated readings. Three coins are thrown six times to generate one of these hexagrams. Participants and Experimenters (combined N = 120) were recruited based on scoring patterns on Transliminality and Paranormal Belief to produce four experimental groups (N = 15 pairs each) of varying levels of Paranormal Belief and Transliminality: High/High; High/Low; Low/High and Low/Low. Participants selected 16 of 64 hexagram-descriptor pairs, based on their emotional or cognitive states of mind. A ‘hit’ was observed when 1 of the 16 choices would come up (PMCE = .25). It was predicted that the hit rate of the High/High group would be significantly greater than chance, the High/High group would score significantly higher than the three control conditions (High/Low, Low/High, Low/Low), and that the three control conditions would score similarly. It was further expected that Transliminality, Paranormal Belief and Sex would show main and interaction effects for hit rate on the I Ching task. The hit rate on First Hexagrams was 27 out of 60 (45%; p < .001), which far exceeds the 25% chance level, and the High/High group did have the highest raw score hit rate, but there were no significant main or interaction effects of Transliminality, Paranormal Belief or Sex. These surprising findings suggest that the specific differences in experimental protocols between the present study and past research are partly responsible. The two main differences discussed involve (i) the notion of spontaneity and ambiguity related to the task and (ii) treating psi outcomes on the I Ching as a Rasch-trait variable rather than as independent observations.
Accessibility: Document exists in file (previous version submitted for publication)
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Houran, J.
Secondary author(s):
Lange, R.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Houran, J., & Lange, R. (2012). I Ching outcomes from experimental manipulations of transliminality and paranormal belief. Australian Journal of Parapsychology, 12(1), 39-58.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Transliminality / I Ching / Psi / Sheep-goat effect / Experimenter effects / Parapsychology / Rasch scaling / Sex effects

I Ching outcomes from experimental manipulations of transliminality and paranormal belief

I Ching outcomes from experimental manipulations of transliminality and paranormal belief
DocumentEnhancing hit rates on psi tests with optimal levels of transliminality2010

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-157
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2006
Title:
157 - Enhancing hit rates on psi tests with optimal levels of transliminality
Duration: 2007-01 - 2008-07
Researcher(s):
James Houran
Institution(s): Integrated Knowledge Systems Inc., Springfield (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
3 Articles
Language: eng
Related objects:
PT/FB/BL-2008-59
Notes: The final report consists of two published articles that were recorded and scanned separately
Author: Houran, J.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / Transliminality / Paranormal belief

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-157.05
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2006
Title:
Enhancing hit rates on psi tests with optimal levels of transliminality
Publication year: 2010
URL:
http://www.bial.com/simposio/Livro_de_Actas_8_Simposio.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
OBJECTIVES:
We explored experimenter effects in an experiment with the Chinese book of divination the I Ching, which contains 64 hexagrams (6-line structures) and associated readings.
METHODS:
Three coins are thrown six times to generate one of these hexagrams. Participants and Experimenters (N = 120) were recruited based on scoring patterns on Transliminality and Paranormal Belief to produce four experimental groups (N = 15 pairs each) of varying levels of Paranormal Belief and Transliminality: High/High; High/Low; Low/High and Low/Low. Participants selected 16 of 64 hexagram-descriptor pairs, based on their emotional or cognitive states of mind. A “hit” was observed when 1 of the 16 choices would come up (Pmce = .25). It was predicted that the hit rate of the High/High group would be significantly greater than chance, the High/High group would score significantly higher than the three control conditions (High/Low, Low/High, Low/Low) and that the three control conditions would score similarly. It was further expected that Transliminality, Paranormal Belief and Sex would show main and interaction effects for hit rate on the I Ching task.
RESULTS:
The hit rate on Hexagram 1 was 28 out of 60, or 46.7% which far exceeds the 25% chance level and the High/High group did have the highest raw score hit rate, but there were no significant main or interaction effects of Transliminality, Paranormal Belief or Sex.
CONCLUSIONS:
These surprising findings suggest that the specific differences in experimental protocols between the present study and past research are partly responsible. The two main differences discussed involve (i) the notion of spontaneity and ambiguity related to the task and (ii) treating psi outcomes on the I Ching as a Rasch-trait
variable rather than as independent observations.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Houran, J.
Document type:
Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Houran, J. (2010). Enhancing hit rates on psi tests with optimal levels of transliminality. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 8th Symposium of Fundação Bial (p. 237). Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: I Ching / Transliminality / Paranormal belief / Experimenter effects / Psi / Precognition

Enhancing hit rates on psi tests with optimal levels of transliminality

Enhancing hit rates on psi tests with optimal levels of transliminality
DocumentGenerating Psi with Optimal Levels of Transliminality - A critical replication and extension2010

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-059
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2008
Title:
059 - Generating Psi with Optimal Levels of Transliminality - A critical replication and extension
Duration: 2009-02 - 2010-02
Researcher(s):
James Houran
Institution(s): Integrated Knowledge Systems, Springfield (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Article
Unpublished document
Language: eng
Related objects:
PT/FB/BL-2006-157
Author: Houran, J.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Intuition / Transliminality

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-059.04
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2008
Title:
Generating Psi with Optimal Levels of Transliminality - A critical replication and extension
Publication year: 2010
URL:
http://www.bial.com/simposio/Livro_de_Actas_8_Simposio.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Objectives: Intuition, which has been linked to precognitive processes, has received
increasing attention and study as a component of managerial decision-making. The
conceptualization of intuition as a non-sequential information processing mode, which
comprises both cognitive and affective elements and results in direct knowing without any
use of conscious reasoning, strongly suggests that transliminal processes are involved in
the production or moderation of these experiences.
Methods: To test this idea, an online sample of 889 individuals spanning four
management levels completed measures of Transliminality, Intuitive Decision-Making
Style and a new measure of Self-Reported Intuitions in the workplace.
Results: Self-reported intuitions significantly correlated with an Intuitive Decision-Making
Style and Transliminality. Contrary to some earlier research, sex of participant was not
confirmed as a consistent predictor of intuitions. Further, self-reported intuitions
increased with higher management level, independently of transliminality.
Conclusions: The findings were consistent with a two-mechanism model of intuition
whereby transliminality equates to intuitive predisposition which is subsequently honed
or reinforced over time by tacit knowledge that comes from work experience or
structured training. Situational and motivational factors, akin to experimental effects in
psi research, contribute to the process. Rasch scaling analyses found that transliminality
and intuition form a continuum, with the highest levels of transliminality being associated
with intuitions that are described as paralleling psychic ability.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Houran, J.
Document type:
Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Houran, J. (2010). Generating Psi with Optimal Levels of Transliminality - A critical replication and extension. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 8th Symposium of Fundação Bial (p. 251). Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Transliminality / Intuition / Mental boundaries / Decision-making / Experimenter effects

Novo ficheiro

Novo ficheiro
DocumentFinal report - The Study of Experimenter Effects in the Replication of Psi Experiments: A Global Initiative2015

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012
Location: SEC PCA
Title:
2012 Grants
Start date: 2013-02

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-233
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2012
Title:
233 - The Study of Experimenter Effects in the Replication of Psi Experiments: A Global Initiative
Duration: 2013-07 - 2015-04
Researcher(s):
Marilyn Schlitz, Daryl Bem, Arnaud Delorme
Institution(s): Institute of Noetic Sciences, Petaluma (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Progress reports
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Schlitz, M.
Secondary author(s):
Bem, D., Delorme, A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Paranormal belief

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-233.01
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2012
Title:
Final report - The Study of Experimenter Effects in the Replication of Psi Experiments: A Global Initiative
Publication year: 2015
URL:
https://www.bial.com/imagem/Bolsa23312_18062015.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
The issue of replication has been a long-standing challenge for parapsychology, with different experimenters obtaining different results using similar protocols. This study addressed this challenge through the examination of experimenter and participant expectancies about psi and their impact on the outcome of a psi task. The meta-study involved an international collaboration of teachers, student experimenters, and experimental volunteers, who made use of a standardized psi protocol involving precognition that has been the focus of a number of replication attempts and that allows for a systematic collection of data under well-controlled conditions (Bem, 2011). It included 12 different laboratories across 32 experimenters and 512 participants. While the preregistered hypothesis that was assessed on a participant basis did not show a significant psi effect, when statistical power was increased by using a single trial analysis, the primary hypothesis was highly significant. The effect was also significant for experiments conducted in the English language, rather than through translations of the protocol. The results did not support a correlation between study outcome and experimenter expectancy. Overall, these results support the feasibility of a multi-laboratory collaboration and show that single trial analysis might be more appropriate and powerful to process these types of data. A conceptual replication is now underway.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Schlitz, M.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
2
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Replication / Psi / Expectancy / Experimenter effects / Priming
DocumentThe effect of singular nonverbal behaviours of experimenters on pain reports2024

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-036.04
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
The effect of singular nonverbal behaviours of experimenters on pain reports
Publication year: 2024
URL:
https://doi.org/10.2147/jpr.s449150
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Studies suggest facial expressions of caregivers may be important in placebo effects; however, this has not been
systematically tested. This experiment investigated the effects of caregivers’ singular positive nonverbal behaviours (NBs) on pain reports.
Methods: Fifty-one males and 53 females (total of 104) participants were randomized to four groups that were displayed positive
facial expressions, tone of voice, body movement, or neutral NBs of videotaped experimenters. Subjective reports of pain, stress,
arousal, and cardiac activity were obtained in a pre-test, a conditioning phase, and at a post-test. Four minutes of heat pain was induced in each test, and a placebo cream was administered before the conditioning and post-test in all groups.
Results: There were no differences between the NB groups in the reduced pain. Males had larger reduction in pain in the post-test,
and females had lower arousal than the opposite sex. During the conditioning, females had larger reduction in pain ie, unconditioned pain response (UPR). In females, the UPR predicted the reinforced expectation ie, increase in expectations from conditioning to posttest, and fear of minor pain negatively predicted both the UPR and reinforced expectation.
Discussion: Singular NBs of caregiver were weak to enhance placebo effects. Females had lower pain during conditioning, and the
UPR amplitude in females was associated with positive expectations. Moreover, for females, fear of minor pain weakened the UPR
and expectations of cream.
Conclusion: No NB of caregivers is more effective in reducing pain. Caregivers’ NBs are less effective when displayed individually.
Males and females may be different in underlying mechanisms of placebo effects.n
Number of reproductions: 1
2-year Impact Factor:
2.7|2022
Times cited: 0|2024-05-13
Indexed document: Yes

he effect of singular nonverbal behaviours of experimenters on pain reports

he effect of singular nonverbal behaviours of experimenters on pain reports
DocumentThe Effect of singular nonverbal behaviours of experimenters on pain reports2024

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2020 Grants
Start date: 2021-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-036
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
036 - The role of non-verbal behaviour on placebo and nocebo effects. Psychophysiological experiments
Duration: 2021-02 - 2024-11
Researcher(s):
Magne Arve Flaten, Hojjat Daniali, Per Aslaksen, Ted Kaptchuk, Mollie Ruben
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim (Norway); University of Tromsø (Norway); Harvard Medical School, Boston (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Flaten, M.
Secondary author(s):
Daniali, H., Aslaksen, P., Kaptchuk, T., Ruben, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Placebo and nocebo effect / Heart rate variability / Non-verbal behaviour / Skin conductance response / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-036.04
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
The Effect of singular nonverbal behaviours of experimenters on pain reports
Publication year: 2024
URL:
https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S449150
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Studies suggest facial expressions of caregivers may be important in placebo effects; however, this has not been systematically tested. This experiment investigated the effects of caregivers' singular positive nonverbal behaviours (NBs) on pain reports.
Methods: Fifty-one males and 53 females (total of 104) participants were randomized to four groups that were displayed positive facial expressions, tone of voice, body movement, or neutral NBs of videotaped experimenters. Subjective reports of pain, stress, arousal, and cardiac activity were obtained in a pre-test, a conditioning phase, and at a post-test. Four minutes of heat pain was induced in each test, and a placebo cream was administered before the conditioning and post-test in all groups.
Results: There were no differences between the NB groups in the reduced pain. Males had larger reduction in pain in the post-test, and females had lower arousal than the opposite sex. During the conditioning, females had larger reduction in pain ie, unconditioned pain response (UPR). In females, the UPR predicted the reinforced expectation ie, increase in expectations from conditioning to post-test, and fear of minor pain negatively predicted both the UPR and reinforced expectation.
Discussion: Singular NBs of caregiver were weak to enhance placebo effects. Females had lower pain during conditioning, and the UPR amplitude in females was associated with positive expectations. Moreover, for females, fear of minor pain weakened the UPR and expectations of cream.
Conclusion: No NB of caregivers is more effective in reducing pain. Caregivers' NBs are less effective when displayed individually. Males and females may be different in underlying mechanisms of placebo effects.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Daniali, H.
Secondary author(s):
Ruben, M., Aslaksen, P. M., Fiskum, C., Kaptchuk, T., Flaten, M. A.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Daniali, H., Ruben, M. A., Aslaksen, P. M., Fiskum, C., Kaptchuk, T. J., & Flaten, M. A. (2024). The Effect of singular nonverbal behaviours of experimenters on pain reports. Journal of Pain Research, 17, 1345–1360. https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S449150
2-year Impact Factor: 2.5|2023
Impact factor notes: Impact factor not available yet for 2024
Times cited: 1|2025-02-19
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q2
Keywords: Placebo effects / Subtle factors / Nonverbal behaviours / Heat pain / Experimenter effects / Pain report

The Effect of singular nonverbal behaviours of experimenters on pain reports

The Effect of singular nonverbal behaviours of experimenters on pain reports
DocumentSpecifying Contextual Factors; Caregivers' Role in Pain Report and Placebo Effects - The role of caregivers' characteristics and nonverbal behaviours in pain and placebo effects2024

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2020 Grants
Start date: 2021-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-036
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
036 - The role of non-verbal behaviour on placebo and nocebo effects. Psychophysiological experiments
Duration: 2021-02 - 2024-11
Researcher(s):
Magne Arve Flaten, Hojjat Daniali, Per Aslaksen, Ted Kaptchuk, Mollie Ruben
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim (Norway); University of Tromsø (Norway); Harvard Medical School, Boston (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Flaten, M.
Secondary author(s):
Daniali, H., Aslaksen, P., Kaptchuk, T., Ruben, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Placebo and nocebo effect / Heart rate variability / Non-verbal behaviour / Skin conductance response / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-036.06
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Specifying Contextual Factors; Caregivers' Role in Pain Report and Placebo Effects - The role of caregivers' characteristics and nonverbal behaviours in pain and placebo effects
Publication year: 2024
URL:
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3130407
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
In this PhD project, we investigated the role of caregivers’ characteristics, by means of caregivers’ sex/gender and social status, and their nonverbal behaviours on pain reports and placebo effects (i.e., better treatment outcomes due to expectations that effective treatment has been administrated). Our systematic review of the literature revealed that both pain patients and healthy participants reported less pain when interacting with providers of the opposite sex. Furthermore, caregivers displaying higher status, professionalism, and confidence tended to receive lower pain reports and elicit stronger placebo effects. Positive nonverbal behaviours, such as smiling, maintaining eye contact, and using open body gestures, led to lower pain reports and enhanced placebo effects. Conversely, negative nonverbal behaviours, like avoiding eye contact, not smiling, and displaying closed or defensive body gestures, increased pain reports and elicited nocebo effects (i.e., worse treatment outcomes due to a medically inactive factor).
In a dental pain experiment, we observed that the effectiveness of positive treatment information depended on the caregiver and their subtle nonverbal behaviours. Dental patients reported lower pain levels when they received positive treatment information from the dentist performing the treatment. However, the pain-reducing effects of positive information were lost when the information came from an assistant not involved in the treatment. An interview with the dentist suggested that she may have exhibited positive subtle nonverbal behaviours when delivering the information.
We then explored the impact of singular nonverbal behaviours of caregivers as facial expressions, tone of voice and body movements in a pain experiment involving healthy participants. We found that the reduced-pain from pre-test to post-test was similar between all nonverbal behaviours. While our systematic review and dental pain study underscored the influence of caregiver characteristics and nonverbal behaviours on pain reports and placebo effects, the pain experiment showed no significant differences between singular nonverbal behaviours. Consequently, we concluded that examining singular nonverbal behaviours separately might underestimate the effect of nonverbal behaviours.
Overall, our findings underscore the impact of caregiver characteristics and behaviours on pain reports and placebo effects. These insights carry implications for improving therapeutic interventions and patient outcomes.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Daniali, H.
Document type:
Doctoral thesis
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Daniali, H. (2024). Specifying Contextual Factors; Caregivers' Role in Pain Report and Placebo Effects The role of caregivers' characteristics and nonverbal behaviours in pain and placebo effects. https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3130407
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Caregiver / Contextual factors / Experimenter effects / Nonverbal behavior / Nocebo effect / Placebo effect / Pain

Specifying Contextual Factors; Caregivers' Role in Pain Report and Placebo Effects - The role of caregivers' characteristics and nonverbal behaviours in pain and placebo effects

Specifying Contextual Factors; Caregivers' Role in Pain Report and Placebo Effects - The role of caregivers' characteristics and nonverbal behaviours in pain and placebo effects