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DocumentAbsorption, dissociation, locus of control and presence in virtual reality2007

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2002
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 21/2002
Title:
2002 Grants
Start date: 2003-01 - 2009-11
Dimension/support:
21 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2002-124
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 6/2002
Title:
124 - The Flexibility of Physical Body Boundaries and its Relationship to Out-of-Body Experiences
Duration: 2003-08 - 2004-12
Researcher(s):
Craig Murray, Jezz Fox
Institution(s): Liverpool Hope University College (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report
CD (Psyatnight software)
Language: eng
Related objects:
PT/FB/BL-2004-134
Author: Murray, C.
Secondary author(s):
Fox, J.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Survival after bodily death / Out-of-body experience (OBE) / Body awareness

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2002-124.06
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 6/2002
Title:
Absorption, dissociation, locus of control and presence in virtual reality
Publication year: 2007
URL:
http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1223981
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
The present study aimed to explore the relationship between a number of psychological variables and a reported sense of presence in immersive virtual reality (IVR). It was hypothesised that participants' scores on measures of absorption, dissociation, and external locus of control would be positively and significantly correlated with a measure of their sense of presence in IVR. A total of 64 people took part. Significant correlations were found between presence and dissociation (r=0.403, p<0.01), and presence and locus of control (r=0.268, p<0.05). However, the correlation between presence and absorption was not significant (r=-0.037, p=0.386). The findings reported here suggest a complex interrelationship of psychological variables in relation to presence in IVR that warrants further research.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Murray, C.
Secondary author(s):
Fox, J.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Murray, C. D., Fox, J., & Pettifer, S. (2007). Absorption, dissociation, locus of control and presence in virtual reality. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(3), 1347-1354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2004.12.010
2-year Impact Factor: 1.344|2007
Times cited: 79|2025-02-04
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Absorption / Dissociation / Locus of control / Presence / Virtual reality

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Novo ficheiro
DocumentFinal report - Synchronicity and Psi: A Controlled Comparison2014

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012
Location: SEC PCA
Title:
2012 Grants
Start date: 2013-02

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-270
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2012
Title:
270 - Synchronicity and Psi: A Controlled Comparison
Duration: 2013-03 - 2014-09
Researcher(s):
John Palmer, Nick Edington
Institution(s): Rhine Research Center, Durham (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Progress reports
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Palmer, J.
Secondary author(s):
Edington, N.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Intuition / Anomalous cognition/experiences

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-270.01
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2012
Title:
Final report - Synchronicity and Psi: A Controlled Comparison
Publication year: 2014
URL:
https://www.bial.com/imagem/Bolsa27012_18112014.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Background
In 2 studies Stanford found a significant interaction: low-suggestible participants (Ps) scored higher on a dice-throwing augury than a standard ESP task and vice versa. Storm found suggestive psi hitting across 6 studies in a psi task modeled on the I Ching.
Aim
To compare scores on an ESP task and a similar synchronicity (SYN) task.
Method
60 volunteers completed 40-trial ESP and SYN tasks presented in counterbalanced order. For each trial, 1 of 4 rectangles was randomly assigned as the target. For SYN, Ps chose which of 4 I Ching-like messages was most personally meaningful and then rated all 4 on this dimension. For ESP, the messages were invisible and Ps were told to use ESP to select the target.
Results
Scores on both tasks were nonsignificant and did not differ significantly from each other. In both tasks, the higher the initial confidence and the greater the decline in confidence during the session the lower the paranormality score. Among Ps who did the SYN task first, there was a negative correlation between the average meaningfulness rating of all 4 messages and SYN scores, offset by a positive correlation between these ratings and ESP scores. Meaningfulness ratings correlated positively with posttest confidence in both tasks. There was a significant positive correlation between SYN hits and average difference between hit and miss trials in how long participants waited for the "right time" to access the target message on the SYN task. Ps with a strongly internal locus of control (LOC) on Levenson's LOC scale scored higher on the ESP task than other Ps.
Conclusion
The above significant results, some of which reflect P task frustration, must be considered tentative pending replication.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Palmer, J.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
2
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Synchronicity / ESP / Locus of control / Expectation / Meaningfulness
DocumentPsi and synchronicity: A controlled comparison2016

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012
Location: SEC PCA
Title:
2012 Grants
Start date: 2013-02

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-270
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2012
Title:
270 - Synchronicity and Psi: A Controlled Comparison
Duration: 2013-03 - 2014-09
Researcher(s):
John Palmer, Nick Edington
Institution(s): Rhine Research Center, Durham (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Progress reports
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Palmer, J.
Secondary author(s):
Edington, N.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Intuition / Anomalous cognition/experiences

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-270.02
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2012
Title:
Psi and synchronicity: A controlled comparison
Publication year: 2016
URL:
http://eds.a.ebscohost.com/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=0&sid=42462e3d-3b88-4116-a3f1-28cbaa537cf0%40sessionmgr4008
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
The aims of the study were to compare scores on structurally similar tests designed to measure psi (ESP) and synchronicity respectively and provisionally determine whether a significant result on the synchronicity task is best explained by psi (an ability) or synchronicity (a principle of nature), inferred by whether the test scores correlate with a measure of an ability. Sixty volunteers completed in counterbalanced order two similar 40-trial forcedchoice tasks introduced in the instructions respectively as tests of synchronicity and psi as defined above. One of four rectangles was randomly assigned as the target for each trial. In the synchronicity task, participants were asked to choose which of four messages inside the rectangles was most personally meaningful. In the ESP task, participants were asked to use ESP to select the target rectangle. Mean scores on both tasks were nonsignificantly below chance. Participants scoring high in the internal direction on Levenson's Multidimensional Locus of Control Scales had significantly higher ESP scores than other participants, a mirror image of the expected superior performance of externally oriented participants on the synchronicity task. A pattern of significant bivariate correlations among ESP and synchronicity scores, expectation of a high score, perceived meaningfulness of all the messages, reaction times to message presentation, and previous synchronicity experiences was interpreted as the creation of negative affect associated with low expectation of success, frustration, and impatience in response to the test procedures leading to below chance scoring by some participants. All significant results should be considered tentative pending replication.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Palmer, J.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Palmer, J. (2016). Psi and synchronicity: A controlled comparison. Journal of the Society for Psychical Research, 80(4), 193-213.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Synchronicity / ESP / Locus of control / Expectation / Meaningfulness
DocumentFinal report - Exploring the correlates and nature of subjective apparitional experiences2019

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-329
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
329 - Exploring the correlates and nature of subjective apparitional experiences
Duration: 2018-04 - 2020-06
Researcher(s):
Christine Simmonds-Moore, Donadrian Rice, Chase O'Gwin
Institution(s): Psychology Department, University of West Georgia, Carrollton (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Author: Simmonds-Moore, C.
Secondary author(s):
Rice, D., O'Gwin, C.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Apparitions / Synesthesia / Boundary thinness / Psychomanteum / Parapsychology and Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-329.01
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Final report - Exploring the correlates and nature of subjective apparitional experiences
Publication year: 2019
URL:
https://www.bial.com/media/3260/exploring-the-correlates-and-nature-of-subjective-apparitional-experiences.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND
Prior research indicates that synesthesia may play a role in the etiology of ghost experiences
AIMS
A survey explored whether synesthetes differed from non synesthetes on ghost experiences, frequencies of differently appraised ghost experiences, senses and spatial locations of ghost experiences, psychometric predictors of ghost experiences (transliminality, boundary thinness, creativity, somatic focus, interoception and locus of control). Qualitative analysis of narratives using grounded theory. The psychomanteum explored synesthesia, geomagnetic field (GMF), electromagnetic field (emf), heart rate variability, and the output of a random number generator (RNG) in exceptional experiences (ExE).
METHOD
An online survey explored correlates of ghost experiences. A psychomanteum compared 15 synesthetes with 15 non synesthetes on ExE and their correlates.
RESULTS
Synesthetes reported more ghost experiences with a paranormal appraisal. Boundaries, creativity, interoception and somatic focus correlated with ghost experiences with a paranormal appraisal. Transliminality was the strongest independent predictor. The RNG output correlated negatively and significantly with the extent to which ExE were rated as taking up space. Post hoc analysis indicates that this effect was for synesthetes only. The GMF (nanoTesla) and local emf (milliGauss) influenced the levels of heart rate variability. GMF correlated with the extent to which experiences took up space.
CONCLUSIONS
Synesthesia, creativity, boundaries and awareness of the body play a role in ghost experiences. Results of the psychomanteum study are suggestive of interactions between subjective experience and the local and non-local environment, particularly among synesthetes.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Simmonds-Moore, C.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
Simmonds-Moore, C. (2019). Final report - Exploring the correlates and nature of subjective apparitional experiences.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Psychomanteum / RNG output / Environmental correlates / Heart Rate Variability (HRV) / Geomagnetism and electromagnetism / Creativity / Locus of control / Interoception / Synesthesia / Psychological boundaries / Ghost experiences

Final report - Exploring the correlates and nature of subjective apparitional experiences

Final report - Exploring the correlates and nature of subjective apparitional experiences