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DocumentFinal report - Further investigations of the I Ching: Reliability and replication studies2008

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-007
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/2006
Title:
007 - Further investigations of the I Ching: Reliability and replication studies
Duration: 2007-03 - 2008-05
Researcher(s):
Lance Storm
Institution(s): Anomalous Psychology Research Unit, Dep. of Psychology, University of Adelaide (Australia)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
2 Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Storm, L.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / Psychokinesis (PK)

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-007.01
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/2006
Title:
Final report - Further investigations of the I Ching: Reliability and replication studies
Publication year: 2008
URL:
http://www.bial.com/imagem/Bolsa0706.pdf
Abstract/Results: RESULTS:
The I Ching is an ancient Chinese system of divination. The user throws three coins, six times, to generate one of 64 possible six-line symbols or hexagrams, and then consults the associated divinatory reading. It is conjectured that the I Ching process is underscored by a paranormal process the cause of which is likely to be the individual user. Past research has produced mixed results—in five studies, effects have ranged from chance, to significantly above chance, but no effect significantly below chance has been found. In a study by L. Storm (2006) it was theorised that hexagram targeting may accord with the participant’s time perspective—a present time perspective (PTP) refers to immediate events; a future time perspective (FTP) refers to what fate has in store.
PTP and FTP types are determined from scores on the Time Perspective Inventory (Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999). In Storm’s (2006) study and the present study it was hypothesised that PTP types prefer first-hexagrams, and FTP types prefer second hexagrams. Storm (2006) produced results that were in the directions hypothesized. In this replication study (N = 150), hit rates for PTP types on first-hexagram hitting (30%) did exceed hit rates for FTP types (25%) as hypothesised, although the difference was not significant. The hit rate for FTP types on second-hexagram hitting (22%) did not exceed the hit rate for PTP types (27%). Hit rates were above chance on first-hexagram hitting (25.3%), but below chance on second-hexagram hitting (24.6%). Neither effect was significant. First-hexagram hitters rated their readings significantly higher (73%) on meaningfulness than first-hexagram missers (65%), p = .04. This effect was interpreted as fulfilling a theoretical condition that defines “meaningful coincidence” or synchronicity (Jung, 1960). A significant sheep-goat effect was found. A marginally significant aggregated hexagram hit rate of 27% across the six studies was also found (p = .072). Two judges rated the 64 descriptor pairs of the Hexagram Descriptor Form.
Mean descriptor-pair ratings ranged between 60% and 82%. The experimental I Ching method was tested against three control methods. For the control methods, only 4.5% of the results were significant or marginally significant which could all be attributed to chance, but 14% of tests using the experimental method were significant or marginally significant effects.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Storm, L.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
2
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / I Ching / Meaningfulness / Psi / Synchronicity

Final report - Further investigations of the I Ching: Reliability and replication studies

Final report - Further investigations of the I Ching: Reliability and replication studies
DocumentInvestigations of the I Ching: II. Reliability and validity studies2009

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-007
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/2006
Title:
007 - Further investigations of the I Ching: Reliability and replication studies
Duration: 2007-03 - 2008-05
Researcher(s):
Lance Storm
Institution(s): Anomalous Psychology Research Unit, Dep. of Psychology, University of Adelaide (Australia)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
2 Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Storm, L.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / Psychokinesis (PK)

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-007.02
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/2006
Title:
Investigations of the I Ching: II. Reliability and validity studies
Publication year: 2009
URL:
http://www.aiprinc.org/abstracts_9.htm
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
In six studies on the I Ching—an ancient Chinese system of divination—successful predictions of first- and second-hexagrams (i.e., hexagram hitting) based on pre-selections of corresponding descriptor-pairs have ranged from chance, to significantly above chance. No significant effect below chance has ever been found. Hexagram hitting has been predicted by measures such as paranormal belief, time perspective, and meaningfulness. Storm (2008a) found a near-significant aggregate hexagram hit rate of 27%. Though these results are encouraging, there has been no assessment of the reliability and validity of the main test instrument used in the I Ching studies, the Hexagram Descriptor Form (HDF). To test the validity of the HDF, three control methods were tested against the experimental method. Taking first- and second-hexagram hit rates together, three out of 22 tests on the experimental method (14%) were significant or near-significant. Three significant or near-significant outcomes out of 66 control tests (4.5%) were attributed to chance. Inter-rater reliability was tested using two I Ching experts who judged the 64 descriptor-pairs of the HDF for suitability against their corresponding hexagram readings. The correlation between judges’ ratings was not significant (the mean rating ranged between 60% and 82%). Using the pooled data of six studies, the HDF was tested for possible selection and outcome biases. A selection bias was found, but no outcome biases were found. The I Ching and the HDF were considered suitable for parapsychological research.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Storm, L.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Storm, L. (2009). Investigations of the I Ching: II. Reliability and validity studies. Australian Journal of Parapsychology, 9(1), 111-142.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Psychokinesis (PK) / I Ching / Meaningfulness / Psi / Reliability / Synchronicity / Validity

Investigations of the I Ching: II. Reliability and validity studies

Investigations of the I Ching: II. Reliability and validity studies
DocumentInvestigations of the I Ching: I. Relationships between psi, time perspective, paranormal belief and meaningfulness2008

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-007
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/2006
Title:
007 - Further investigations of the I Ching: Reliability and replication studies
Duration: 2007-03 - 2008-05
Researcher(s):
Lance Storm
Institution(s): Anomalous Psychology Research Unit, Dep. of Psychology, University of Adelaide (Australia)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
2 Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Storm, L.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / Psychokinesis (PK)

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-007.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/2006
Title:
Investigations of the I Ching: I. Relationships between psi, time perspective, paranormal belief and meaningfulness
Publication year: 2008
URL:
http://www.aiprinc.org/abstracts_8.htm
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
The I Ching is an ancient Chinese system of divination. The user throws three coins, six times, to generate one of 64 possible six-line symbols or hexagrams, and then consults the associated divinatory reading. It is conjectured that the I Ching process is underscored by a paranormal process the cause of which is likely to be the individual user. Past research has produced mixed results—in five studies, effects have ranged from chance, to significantly above chance, but no effect significantly below chance has been found. In a study by L. Storm (2006) it was theorised that hexagram targeting may accord with the participant’s time perspective—a present time perspective (PTP) refers to immediate events; a future time perspective (FTP) refers to what fate has in store. PTP and FTP types are determined from scores on the Time Perspective Inventory (Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999). In Storm’s (2006) study and the present study it was hypothesised that PTP types prefer first-hexagrams, and FTP types prefer second hexagrams. Storm (2006) produced results that were in the directions hypothesized. In this replication study (N = 150), hit rates for PTP types on first-hexagram hitting (30%) did exceed hit rates for FTP types (25%) as hypothesised, although the difference was not significant. The hit rate for FTP types on second-hexagram hitting (22%) did not exceed the hit rate for PTP types (27%). Hit rates were above chance on first-hexagram hitting (25.3%), but below chance on second-hexagram hitting (24.6%). Neither effect was significant. First-hexagram hitters rated their readings significantly higher on meaningfulness than first-hexagram missers. This effect was interpreted as fulfilling a theoretical condition that defines “meaningful coincidence” or synchronicity (Jung, 1960). Correlations between pro attitude and hexagram hit rates were not significant, but a significant sheep-goat effect was found. A just-significant aggregated hexagram hit rate across the six studies was found: 27% (p = .057).
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Storm, L.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Storm, L. (2008). Investigations of the I Ching: I. Relationships between psi, time perspective, paranormal belief and meaningfulness. Australian Journal of Parapsychology, 8(2), 103-127.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: I Ching / Psi / Time perspective inventory / Sheep-goat effect / Synchronicity / Meaningfulness

Investigations of the I Ching: I. Relationships between psi, time perspective, paranormal belief and meaningfulness

Investigations of the I Ching: I. Relationships between psi, time perspective, paranormal belief and meaningfulness
DocumentFinal report - An Investigation of the I Ching Using the Q-Sort Method and a PK-RNG Design2014

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012
Location: SEC PCA
Title:
2012 Grants
Start date: 2013-02

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-127
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/2012
Title:
127 - An Investigation of the I Ching Using the Q-Sort Method and a PK-RNG Design
Duration: 2013-03 - 2014-06
Researcher(s):
Lance Storm
Institution(s): Brain and Cognition Centre, School of Psychology, University of Adelaide and Australian Institute of Parapsychological Research, Incorporated, Gladesville (Australia)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Storm, L.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / Psychokinesis (PK) / Paranormal belief

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-127.01
Location: SEC PCA - 127/12
Title:
Final report - An Investigation of the I Ching Using the Q-Sort Method and a PK-RNG Design
Publication year: 2014
URL:
https://www.bial.com/imagem/Bolsa12712.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
A synchronicity-like paranormal effect was attempted in the laboratory by instructing 120 participants to construct a representation of their inner mental (cognitive/emotional) states using a Q-Sort Grid in which 64 I Ching descriptor-pairs were thoughtfully placed (i.e., ranked from -7 to +7), followed by the creation of an outer event using a Random Number Generator (RNG) to generate an I Ching hexagram with an associated reading that is rated for meaningfulness. There were four hypothesized psi-predictors: (i) ‘pro attitude’ measured on the Pro Attitude Scale; (ii) paranormal belief measured on the Australian Sheep-Goat Scale, where ‘sheep’ are believers in psychic ability, and ‘goats’ are skeptics; (iii) trait reactance (i.e., resistance to compliance; hypothesized to be detrimental to psi) measured on the Hong Psychological Reactance Scale; and (iv) Meaningfulness (of hexagram reading). As expected, Q-Sort scores were positive for sheep, and there were a number of sheep-goat psi effects, including a significantly high mean RNG-PK score for sheep. Meaningfulness correlated significantly with Direct-Hitting (scores of +7) and Binary-Hitting (scores of +6 & +7). Rasch-scaled ASGS scores correlated significantly with Pro Attitude and Meaningfulness. A significant reactance effect was found whereby the mean Q-Sort score was lower for ‘reactants’ compared to ‘controls’ (reactance compromises goats’ psi performance through noncompliance). Q-Sort scores were lower for reactant goats, reactant sheep, and reactant ‘indecisives’ who are mid-range scorers on paranormal belief scales. More research on indecisives is warranted since their scoring patterns are unpredictable, suggesting that the sheep-goat effect is not linear.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Storm, L.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
2
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Extrasensory perception (ESP) / I Ching / Meaningfulness / Psychokinesis (PK) / Random number generator / Reactance / Sheep-goat effect

Final report - An Investigation of the I Ching Using the Q-Sort Method and a PK-RNG Design

Final report - An Investigation of the I Ching Using the Q-Sort Method and a PK-RNG Design
DocumentAn Investigation of the I Ching using the Q-Sort Method and an RNG-PK Design: I. Four Possible Psi Predictors2014

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012
Location: SEC PCA
Title:
2012 Grants
Start date: 2013-02

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-127
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/2012
Title:
127 - An Investigation of the I Ching Using the Q-Sort Method and a PK-RNG Design
Duration: 2013-03 - 2014-06
Researcher(s):
Lance Storm
Institution(s): Brain and Cognition Centre, School of Psychology, University of Adelaide and Australian Institute of Parapsychological Research, Incorporated, Gladesville (Australia)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Storm, L.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition / Psychokinesis (PK) / Paranormal belief

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-127.02
Location: SEC PCA - 127/12
Title:
An Investigation of the I Ching using the Q-Sort Method and an RNG-PK Design: I. Four Possible Psi Predictors
Publication year: 2014
URL:
http://www.aiprinc.org/abstracts_14.htm
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
An attempt was made to emulate a paranormal event (i.e., synchronicity) in the laboratory by instructing participants to construct a representation of their inner mental (cognitive/emotional) states using a Q-Sort Grid in which 64 I Ching descriptor-pairs were thoughtfully placed (i.e., ranked from -7 to +7), followed by the creation of an outer event using a Random Number Generator (RNG) to generate an I Ching hexagram with an associated reading that is rated for meaningfulness. There were four hypothesized psi-predictors: (i) ‘pro attitude’ measured on the Pro Attitude Scale (Thalbourne & Storm, in press); (ii) paranormal belief measured on the Australian Sheep-Goat Scale (Thalbourne, 1995), where ‘sheep’ are believers in psychic ability, and ‘goats’ are skeptics; (iii) trait reactance (i.e., resistance to compliance; hypothesized to be detrimental to psi) measured on the Hong Psychological Reactance Scale (Hong & Faedda, 1996); and (iv) Meaningfulness (of I Ching hexagram readings). The Q-Sort task did not yield any significant effects, although as expected Q-Sort scores were positive for sheep. There were a number of sheep-goat psi effects, including a significantly high mean RNG-PK score for sheep. Of the four psi predictors, Meaningfulness correlated marginally significantly with Direct-Hitting (scores of +7), and significantly with Binary-Hitting (scores of +6 and +7). Scores on the Rasch-scaled version of the ASGS (Lange & Thalbourne, 2002) correlated significantly with Pro Attitude and Meaningfulness. There was a 24% success rate at the .05 level, and a significant 72% of our tests were in the directions hypothesized. It is argued that the Q-Sort Grid may need simplification, and participants should give feedback on RNG-PK task complexity.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Storm, L.
Secondary author(s):
Rock, A. J.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Storm, L., & Rock, A. J. (2014). An Investigation of the I Ching using the Q-Sort Method and an RNG-PK Design: I. Four Possible Psi Predictors. Australian Journal of Parapsychology, 14(1), 29-67.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Synchronicity / Meaningfulness / Random number generator / Sheep-goat effect
DocumentFinal report - Synchronicity and Psi: A Controlled Comparison2014

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012
Location: SEC PCA
Title:
2012 Grants
Start date: 2013-02

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-270
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2012
Title:
270 - Synchronicity and Psi: A Controlled Comparison
Duration: 2013-03 - 2014-09
Researcher(s):
John Palmer, Nick Edington
Institution(s): Rhine Research Center, Durham (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Progress reports
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Palmer, J.
Secondary author(s):
Edington, N.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Intuition / Anomalous cognition/experiences

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-270.01
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2012
Title:
Final report - Synchronicity and Psi: A Controlled Comparison
Publication year: 2014
URL:
https://www.bial.com/imagem/Bolsa27012_18112014.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Background
In 2 studies Stanford found a significant interaction: low-suggestible participants (Ps) scored higher on a dice-throwing augury than a standard ESP task and vice versa. Storm found suggestive psi hitting across 6 studies in a psi task modeled on the I Ching.
Aim
To compare scores on an ESP task and a similar synchronicity (SYN) task.
Method
60 volunteers completed 40-trial ESP and SYN tasks presented in counterbalanced order. For each trial, 1 of 4 rectangles was randomly assigned as the target. For SYN, Ps chose which of 4 I Ching-like messages was most personally meaningful and then rated all 4 on this dimension. For ESP, the messages were invisible and Ps were told to use ESP to select the target.
Results
Scores on both tasks were nonsignificant and did not differ significantly from each other. In both tasks, the higher the initial confidence and the greater the decline in confidence during the session the lower the paranormality score. Among Ps who did the SYN task first, there was a negative correlation between the average meaningfulness rating of all 4 messages and SYN scores, offset by a positive correlation between these ratings and ESP scores. Meaningfulness ratings correlated positively with posttest confidence in both tasks. There was a significant positive correlation between SYN hits and average difference between hit and miss trials in how long participants waited for the "right time" to access the target message on the SYN task. Ps with a strongly internal locus of control (LOC) on Levenson's LOC scale scored higher on the ESP task than other Ps.
Conclusion
The above significant results, some of which reflect P task frustration, must be considered tentative pending replication.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Palmer, J.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
2
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Synchronicity / ESP / Locus of control / Expectation / Meaningfulness
DocumentPsi and synchronicity: A controlled comparison2016

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012
Location: SEC PCA
Title:
2012 Grants
Start date: 2013-02

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-270
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2012
Title:
270 - Synchronicity and Psi: A Controlled Comparison
Duration: 2013-03 - 2014-09
Researcher(s):
John Palmer, Nick Edington
Institution(s): Rhine Research Center, Durham (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Progress reports
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Palmer, J.
Secondary author(s):
Edington, N.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Intuition / Anomalous cognition/experiences

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-270.02
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/2012
Title:
Psi and synchronicity: A controlled comparison
Publication year: 2016
URL:
http://eds.a.ebscohost.com/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=0&sid=42462e3d-3b88-4116-a3f1-28cbaa537cf0%40sessionmgr4008
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
The aims of the study were to compare scores on structurally similar tests designed to measure psi (ESP) and synchronicity respectively and provisionally determine whether a significant result on the synchronicity task is best explained by psi (an ability) or synchronicity (a principle of nature), inferred by whether the test scores correlate with a measure of an ability. Sixty volunteers completed in counterbalanced order two similar 40-trial forcedchoice tasks introduced in the instructions respectively as tests of synchronicity and psi as defined above. One of four rectangles was randomly assigned as the target for each trial. In the synchronicity task, participants were asked to choose which of four messages inside the rectangles was most personally meaningful. In the ESP task, participants were asked to use ESP to select the target rectangle. Mean scores on both tasks were nonsignificantly below chance. Participants scoring high in the internal direction on Levenson's Multidimensional Locus of Control Scales had significantly higher ESP scores than other participants, a mirror image of the expected superior performance of externally oriented participants on the synchronicity task. A pattern of significant bivariate correlations among ESP and synchronicity scores, expectation of a high score, perceived meaningfulness of all the messages, reaction times to message presentation, and previous synchronicity experiences was interpreted as the creation of negative affect associated with low expectation of success, frustration, and impatience in response to the test procedures leading to below chance scoring by some participants. All significant results should be considered tentative pending replication.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Palmer, J.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Palmer, J. (2016). Psi and synchronicity: A controlled comparison. Journal of the Society for Psychical Research, 80(4), 193-213.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Synchronicity / ESP / Locus of control / Expectation / Meaningfulness