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DocumentFinal report - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning2010

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
131 - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
Duration: 2007-01 - 2010-07
Researcher(s):
Marta de Aragão Pacheco Moita, Marta Guimarães
Institution(s): Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Moita, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guimarãis, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Cognitive processes / Learning / Memory / Emotion

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131.01
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
Final report - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
Publication year: 2010
Accessibility:
Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Moita, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guimarãis, M.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
1
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Psychophysiology / Learning / Amygdala / Medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC) / Hippocampus / Trace fear conditioning / Muscimol / Single trial

Final report - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning

Final report - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
DocumentTime determines the neural circuit underlying associative fear learning2011

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
131 - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
Duration: 2007-01 - 2010-07
Researcher(s):
Marta de Aragão Pacheco Moita, Marta Guimarães
Institution(s): Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Moita, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guimarãis, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Cognitive processes / Learning / Memory / Emotion

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131.02
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
Time determines the neural circuit underlying associative fear learning
Publication year: 2011
URL:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3246300/pdf/fnbeh-05-00089.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Ultimately associative learning is a function of the temporal features and relationships between experienced stimuli. Nevertheless how time affects the neural circuit underlying this form of learning remains largely unknown. To address this issue, we used single-trial auditory trace fear conditioning and varied the length of the interval between tone and foot-shock. Through temporary inactivation of the amygdala, medial prefrontal-cortex (mPFC), and dorsal-hippocampus in rats, we tested the hypothesis that different temporal intervals between the tone and the shock influence the neuronal structures necessary for learning. With this study we provide the first experimental evidence showing that temporarily inactivating the amygdala before training impairs auditory fear learning when there is a temporal gap between the tone and the shock. Moreover, imposing a short interval (5 s) between the two stimuli also relies on the mPFC, while learning the association across a longer interval (40 s) becomes additionally dependent on a third structure, the dorsal-hippocampus. Thus, our results suggest that increasing the interval length between tone and shock leads to the involvement of an increasing number of brain areas in order for the association between the two stimuli to be acquired normally. These findings demonstrate that the temporal relationship between events is a key factor in determining the neuronal mechanisms underlying associative fear learning.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Guimarãis, M.
Secondary author(s):
Gregório, A., Cruz, A., Guyon, N., Moita, M.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Guimarães, M., Gregório, A., Cruz, A., Guyon, N., & Moita, M. (2011). Time determines the neural circuit underlying associative fear learning. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 5: 89. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2011.00089
2-year Impact Factor: 4.758|2012
Impact factor notes: Impact factor computed since 2012
Times cited: 40|2025-09-10
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Amygdala / Medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC) / Hippocampus / Trace fear conditioning / Muscimol / Single trial

Time determines the neural circuit underlying associative fear learning

Time determines the neural circuit underlying associative fear learning
DocumentInvolvement of hippocampus and mPFC in auditory trace fear conditioning is dependent on trace interval length2009

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
131 - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
Duration: 2007-01 - 2010-07
Researcher(s):
Marta de Aragão Pacheco Moita, Marta Guimarães
Institution(s): Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Moita, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guimarãis, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Cognitive processes / Learning / Memory / Emotion

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
Involvement of hippocampus and mPFC in auditory trace fear conditioning is dependent on trace interval length
Publication year: 2009
URL:
http://www.abstractsonline.com/Plan/ViewAbstract.aspx?sKey=aaa13b19-300a-4a01-ab65-e4405b9510d8&cKey=0b84d26d-500d-49fa-b507-c467e54e7bbd&mKey=%7b081F7976-E4CD-4F3D-A0AF-E8387992A658%7d
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
During trace auditory fear conditioning (tFC) rats learned to fear a previously neutral tone that is followed by shock after a brief interval. The mechanisms underlying the association between a tone and shock, that occur separate in time, remain elusive.
Several studies have implicated the hippocampus in tFC. Due to it role in spatial and episodic memory, one possibility is that this area is necessary because it links events that occur within the same spatial context. Additionally, previous studies demonstrated that tFC requires the mPFC raising the possibility that this association could be achieved by a working memory-like strategy,. However, it is possible that these two structures work in parallel enabling the animal with the capacity to resolve the same problem using two different neuronal strategies. As a prior study showed the hippocampus is involved in the tFC acquisition only when the two stimuli are separated by a longer intervals. It is possible that the involvement of one more than the other would depend on the length of the trace interval.
To test this hypothesis we performed temporary inactivation, using muscimol, of hippocampus and mPFC during training where the interval between tone a shcok was either short, 5s, or long, 40s. After the infusion all the rats where trained with a trace single tone-shock pairing using a 20s tone, followed by a trace interval (5 or 40 s) at the iend of which a 1.5mA shock of 1.5s duration was delivered. In accordance with previous findings we found that hippocampus inactivation impaired the acquisition of tFC, for the 40s but not the 5s trace interval. In contrast, the involvement of the mPFC was independent of the length of the interval as the muscimol infused animals from either 40s or 5s trace interval groups were both impaired in the acquisition of fear to the tone.
In summary, rats can learn the association between a tone and shock that are separate in time, within a single training trial. However the circuit underlying this learning changes according to the size of the interval between the two stimuli.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Guimarãis, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guyon, N., Cruz, A., Moita, M.
Document type:
Online abstract
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Guimarães, M., Guyon, N., Cruz, A., & Moita, M. (2009). Involvement of hippocampus and mPFC in auditory trace fear conditioning is dependent on trace interval length. Program No. 384.5/GG44. 2009 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Chicago, IL: Society for Neuroscience. Online.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Learning and memory / Trace fear conditioning / Hippocampus / Medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC)
DocumentPrefrontal cortex and mediodorsal thalamus reduced connectivity is associated with spatial working memory impairment in rats with inflammatory pain2013

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-126
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 16 e 17/2008
Title:
126 - A Experiência da Dor: alterações funcionais induzidas por Dor Crónica nos circuitos neuronais de recompensa e aversão
Duration: 2009-03 - 2013-10
Researcher(s):
Vasco Miguel Clara Lopes Galhardo, Deolinda Maria Valente Alves de Lima Teixeira, Clara Maria Pires Costa Bastos Monteiro, Hélder Cardoso Cruz, Maria Leonor Godinho, Daniela Seixas, Sónia Margarida Dourado
Institution(s): IBMC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Porto (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Articles
Unpublished documents
Language: por / eng
Related objects:
PT/FB/BL-2004-84
Author: Galhardo, V.
Secondary author(s):
Lima, D., Monteiro, C., Cardoso-Cruz, H., Godinho, M., Seixas, D., Dourado, S.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Pain / Cognitive processes / Brain structure and function

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-126.05
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 16 a 17/2008
Title:
Prefrontal cortex and mediodorsal thalamus reduced connectivity is associated with spatial working memory impairment in rats with inflammatory pain
Publication year: 2013
URL:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23872106
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) form interconnected neural circuits that are important for spatial cognition and memory, but it is not known whether the functional connectivity between these areas is affected by the onset of an animal model of inflammatory pain. To address this issue, we implanted 2 multichannel arrays of electrodes in the mPFC and MD of adult rats and recorded local field potential activity during a food-reinforced spatial working memory task. Recordings were performed for 3weeks, before and after the establishment of the pain model. Our results show that inflammatory pain caused an impairment of spatial working memory performance that is associated with changes in the activity of the mPFC-MD circuit; an analysis of partial directed coherence between the areas revealed a global decrease in the connectivity of the circuit. This decrease was observed over a wide frequency range in both the frontothalamic and thalamofrontal directions of the circuit, but was more evident from MD to mPFC. In addition, spectral analysis revealed significant oscillations of power across frequency bands, namely with a strong theta component that oscillated after the onset of the painful condition. Finally, our data revealed that chronic pain induces an increase in theta/gamma phase coherence and a higher level of mPFC-MD coherence, which is partially conserved across frequency bands. The present results demonstrate that functional disturbances in mPFC-MD connectivity are a relevant cause of deficits in pain-related working memory.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Cardoso-Cruz, H.
Secondary author(s):
Sousa, M., Vieira, J. B., Lima, D., Galhardo, V.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Cardoso-Cruz, H., Sousa, M., Vieira, J. B., Lima, D., & Galhardo, V. (2013). Prefrontal cortex and mediodorsal thalamus reduced connectivity is associated with spatial working memory impairment in rats with inflammatory pain. Pain, 154(11), 2397-2406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2013.07.020
2-year Impact Factor: 5.836|2013
Times cited: 74|2025-09-10
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Inflammatory pain / Local field potentials / Mediodorsal thalamus / Spatial working memory / Medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC)

Novo ficheiro

Novo ficheiro
DocumentImpaired spatial memory performance in a rat model of neuropathic pain is associated with reduced hippocampus-prefrontal cortex connectivity2013

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-126
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 16 e 17/2008
Title:
126 - A Experiência da Dor: alterações funcionais induzidas por Dor Crónica nos circuitos neuronais de recompensa e aversão
Duration: 2009-03 - 2013-10
Researcher(s):
Vasco Miguel Clara Lopes Galhardo, Deolinda Maria Valente Alves de Lima Teixeira, Clara Maria Pires Costa Bastos Monteiro, Hélder Cardoso Cruz, Maria Leonor Godinho, Daniela Seixas, Sónia Margarida Dourado
Institution(s): IBMC – Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Porto (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Articles
Unpublished documents
Language: por / eng
Related objects:
PT/FB/BL-2004-84
Author: Galhardo, V.
Secondary author(s):
Lima, D., Monteiro, C., Cardoso-Cruz, H., Godinho, M., Seixas, D., Dourado, S.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Pain / Cognitive processes / Brain structure and function

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-126.06
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 16 a 17/2008
Title:
Impaired spatial memory performance in a rat model of neuropathic pain is associated with reduced hippocampus-prefrontal cortex connectivity
Publication year: 2013
URL:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23392675
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Chronic pain patients commonly complain of working memory deficits, but the mechanisms and brain areas underlying this cognitive impairment remain elusive. The neuronal populations of the mPFC and dorsal CA1 (dCA1) are well known to form an interconnected neural circuit that is crucial for correct performance in spatial memory-dependent tasks. In this study, we investigated whether the functional connectivity between these two areas is affected by the onset of an animal model of peripheral neuropathic pain. To address this issue, we implanted two multichannel arrays of electrodes in the mPFC and dCA1 of rats and recorded the neuronal activity during a food-reinforced spatial working memory task in a reward-based alternate trajectory maze. Recordings were performed for 3 weeks, before and after the establishment of the spared nerve injury model of neuropathy. Our results show that the nerve lesion caused an impairment of working memory performance that is temporally associated with changes in the mPFC populational firing activity patterns when the animals navigated between decision points-when memory retention was most needed. Moreover, the activity of both recorded neuronal populations after the nerve injury increased their phase locking with respect to hippocampal theta rhythm. Finally, our data revealed that chronic pain reduces the overall amount of information flowing in the fronto-hippocampal circuit and induces the emergence of different oscillation patterns that are well correlated with the correct/incorrect performance of the animal on a trial-by-trial basis. The present results demonstrate that functional disturbances in the fronto-hippocampal connectivity are a relevant cause for pain-related working memory deficits.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Cardoso-Cruz, H.
Secondary author(s):
Lima, D., Galhardo, V.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Cardoso-Cruz, H., Lima, D., & Galhardo, V. (2013). Impaired spatial memory performance in a rat model of neuropathic pain is associated with reduced hippocampus-prefrontal cortex connectivity. Journal of Neuroscience, 33(6), 2465-2480. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5197-12.2013
2-year Impact Factor: 6.747|2013
Times cited: 105|2025-09-10
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Neuropathic pain / Rat / Working memory deficit / Medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC) / Hippocampus

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DocumentHow do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
131 - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
Duration: 2007-01 - 2010-07
Researcher(s):
Marta de Aragão Pacheco Moita, Marta Guimarães
Institution(s): Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Moita, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guimarãis, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Cognitive processes / Learning / Memory / Emotion

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131.04
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
Publication year: 2012
URL:
http://www.bial.com/imagem/Bial%20Sonhos%20Miolo_Total%20Bolsas.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
OBJECTIVES:
Ultimately associative learning is a function of the temporal features and relationships between experienced stimuli. Nevertheless how time affects the neural circuit underlying this form of learning remains largely unknown. To address this issue, we used single-trial auditory trace fear conditioning and varied the length of the interval between tone and foot-shock. Through temporary inactivation of the amygdala, medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and dorsal-hippocampus in rats, we tested the hypothesis that different temporal intervals between the tone and the shock influence the neuronal structures necessary for learning.
METHODS:
Rats were implanted with bilateral cannulae targeting dorsal hippocampus, lateral amygdala or mPFC, under stereotaxic surgery. Muscimol, a GABAa agonist that efficiently shuts down activity, was infused into the targeted region just prior to the trace fear conditioning session. Rats in teh control group received infusions of the vehicle solution. The next day all rats were tested for their fear of the tone in a distinct environment. Freezing was used as a measure of fear.
RESULTS:
We show for the first time that the amygdala is critically involved in the acquisition of auditory fear learning when there is a temporal gap between the tone and the shock. Moreover, imposing a short interval (5 s) between the two stimuli also recruits the medial pre-frontal cortex (mPFC), while learning the association across a longer interval (40 s) becomes additionally dependent on a third structure, the dorsal-hippocampus.
CONCLUSION:
Thus, our results show that increasing the interval length between tone and shock leads to the requirement of an increasing number of brain areas for the association between the two stimuli to be acquired.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Moita, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guimarãis, M.
Document type:
Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Moita, M., & Guimarães, M. (2012). How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 9th Symposium of Fundação Bial (p. 9/63). Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Amygdala / Medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC) / Hippocampus / Trace fear conditioning / Muscimol / Single trial

How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning

How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
DocumentPrefrontal control of impulsive action2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-127
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 6/2008
Title:
127 - Prefrontal control of impulsive action
Duration: 2009-02 - 2011-03
Researcher(s):
Masayoshi Murakami, Zachary F. Mainen
Institution(s): Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Final report
Poster
Language: eng
Author:
Murakami, M.
Secondary author(s):
Mainen, Z.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Cognitive processes

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-127.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 6/2008
Title:
Prefrontal control of impulsive action
Publication year: 2012
URL:
http://www.bial.com/imagem/Bial%20Sonhos%20Miolo_Total%20Bolsas.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Objectives: Impulse control - withholding short term benefits to achieve longer term goals - is an
important facet of goal-directed behavior. Frontal cortex has been hypothesized to exert top-down
control of impulsive actions. Some of the neural substrates of decisions between immediate and
delayed rewards are identified, including the brain systems involved and properties of the neural
representations. Comparatively little is known about decisions to terminate waiting during a delay.
In particular, in a decision to give up, the time is determined by an internal battle between the
“will” to wait and the “temptation” to give up. What neural processes underlie the timing of such
acts?
Methods: We devised an impulse control task in which rats interacted with a waiting port and a
reward port. While waiting in the waiting port, size of the reward available at the reward port
switched from small to big following a signaled but unpredictable interval. In order to record
spiking activity from multiple neurons, we implanted movable tetrode arrays into the frontal
cortex of rats trained for the impulse control task.
Results: The waiting time of the rats in our impulse control task varied randomly across trials. This
enabled us to search for single-neuron correlate for impulse control. Through multiple single-unit
recordings from the frontal cortical areas, we found neurons whose activity showed transient
correlation with the waiting time. There were 20% of such waiting time predictive neurons in
secondary motor area (M2) of frontal cortex, but close to chance level (7%) in the medial
prefrontal cortex. The predictive neurons might contribute to bias the waiting time toward longer
waiting or shorter waiting. A different analysis revealed that a subpopulation of neurons in the
area M2 showed ramping activity during the waiting, which reached the same firing rate just
before the leaving. The rate of ramping activity was negatively correlated with the waiting time in
a majority of ramping neurons. This type of activity is proposed to serve as an internal trigger for
actions. When we tested the neural activity in 2 different impulse control tasks requiring different
actions, most of neurons showed the predictive activity in only one type of actions, suggesting that
the waiting time predictive activity does not represent action-non-specific signal such as an
impulse control signal, but represents action-specific signal, such as the timing of a particular
action.
Conclusions: These results suggest an involvement of M2 neurons in deciding the timing of action
in the context of impulse control task.
Discussions: Our finding suggests that the waiting time predictive neurons represent action timing
signal rather than abstract signal, such as a value of options or internal state of the animal. But
such abstract signals might be encoded in prefrontal cortical areas, such as the orbitofrontal
cortex, which sends signal to the secondary motor cortex.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Murakami, M.
Secondary author(s):
Mainen, Z.
Document type:
Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Murakami, M., & Mainen, Z. (2012). Prefrontal control of impulsive action. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 9th Symposium of Fundação Bial (pp. 40-41/63). Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC) / Secondary motor cortex / Single-unit recordings / Behavior / Impulse control

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