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BIAL Foundation
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DE:"Mental arithmetic"
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DocumentEEG LORETA lagged coherence during resting, attention to calculation and attention to breathing2010

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-044
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 19/2006
Title:
044 - Brain electric activity in meditation: Extension of earlier work and hypothesis testing
Duration: 2007-10 - 2010-01
Researcher(s):
Dietrich Lehmann, Shisei Tei, Pascal Faber, Hiraoki Kumano, Lorena Gianotti, Roberto Pascual-Marqui
Institution(s): The KEY Institute for Brain-Mind Research, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Zurich (Switzerland)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
8 Articles (published or submitted)
14 Posters
Language: eng
Author:
Lehmann, D.
Secondary author(s):
Tei, S., Faber, P., Kumano, H., Gianotti, L., Pascual-Marqui, R.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Altered states of consciousness / Meditation

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-044.16
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 19/2006
Title:
EEG LORETA lagged coherence during resting, attention to calculation and attention to breathing
Publication year: 2010
URL:
http://www.med.uni-giessen.de/physio/Kognitive_Neurophysiologie_2010_3_1.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Do different types of attention show related tendencies of intracerebral functional connectivity? 58-channel EEG of 25 healthy, meditation-naďve, right-handed, male students was recorded during three conditions of 5 minutes each with closed eyes in randomized order: (1) resting [3 runs], (2) mental arithmetic [2 runs], and (3) breath counting, a meditation initiation technique [2 runs]. Artifact] controlled EEG data were recomputed, for the 8 EEG frequency bands, into eLORETA intracerebral current densities. Interpretation of functional connectivity between brain areas when using head surface]recorded EEG suffers from (1) uncertainty about intracerebral source localization and (2) effects of volume conduction. Computing coherence via source modeling (e.g. LORETA) avoids problem (1), and excluding coherences with zero phase lag avoids problem (2). Accordingly, we computed ”lagged coherence” intracerebral connectivity between eLORETA current densities in 19 regions of interest. Averaged resting condition was compared to the breath counting and the arithmetic run of which participants post-hoc reported that their concentration during task
performance was best. Paired t-tests between conditions yielded differences of coherence at p<0.1 (corrected for multiple testing) for 4 frequency bands (alpha1, beta2, beta3, gamma) [number of connections in brackets]: breath counting showed lower coherence than rest (all 4 bands [2,1,1,6]) and arithmetic (alpha1, beta2, gamma [1,2,2]); arithmetic showed higher coherence than rest (gamma [1]). In sum, of all three conditions, breath counting showed lowest demands on intracerebral functional connectivity. The results do not support generally increased coherence during attention. Instead, they suggest that breath counting and mental arithmetic induce mental states whose inter-area connectivity differs in several frequency bands. In the gamma frequency band, their inter-area connectivity differs in opposite directions from rest.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Milz, P.
Secondary author(s):
Faber, P., Pascual-Marqui, R., Lehmann, D.
Document type:
Abstract
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Milz, P., Faber, P., Pascual-Marqui, R., & Lehmann, D. (2010). EEG-LORETA lagged coherence during resting, attention to calculation and attention to breathing. Kognitive Neurophysiologie des Menschen/ Human Cognitive Neurophysiology, 3(1), 39-40.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Attention / Meditation / Resting / Breath counting / Mental arithmetic / Intracerebral functional connectivity

EEG LORETA lagged coherence during resting, attention to calculation and attention to breathing

EEG LORETA lagged coherence during resting, attention to calculation and attention to breathing
DocumentP02-349 - EEG frequency band sloreta sources during mental arithmetic compared to resting2011

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-044
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 19/2006
Title:
044 - Brain electric activity in meditation: Extension of earlier work and hypothesis testing
Duration: 2007-10 - 2010-01
Researcher(s):
Dietrich Lehmann, Shisei Tei, Pascal Faber, Hiraoki Kumano, Lorena Gianotti, Roberto Pascual-Marqui
Institution(s): The KEY Institute for Brain-Mind Research, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Zurich (Switzerland)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
8 Articles (published or submitted)
14 Posters
Language: eng
Author:
Lehmann, D.
Secondary author(s):
Tei, S., Faber, P., Kumano, H., Gianotti, L., Pascual-Marqui, R.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Altered states of consciousness / Meditation

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-044.24
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 19/2006
Title:
P02-349 - EEG frequency band sloreta sources during mental arithmetic compared to resting
Publication year: 2011
URL:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924933811726505
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
INTRODUCTION:
Arithmetic reportedly involves left parietal areas.
OBJECTIVES:
To test this in independent groups of healthy persons.
AIMS:
Which brain regions are activated / inhibited during mental arithmetic compared to task-free resting?
METHODS:
We examined four independent groups of healthy adults (N = 15, 14, 14, 23, respectively) during simple arithmetic (continuous subtraction of 7) and task-free resting before and after arithmetic, all with closed eyes. Multichannel head surface EEG (19–58 channels) was continually recorded, then recomputed (using sLORETA functional tomography) into current density for 6239 cortical voxels, for each of the eight EEG frequency bands (delta through gamma, 1.5–44 Hz). Pre- and post-arithmetic resting was averaged. Using paired t-tests, frequency band-wise normalized and log-transformed current density was compared between arithmetic and resting for each group. The resulting p-values were combined across groups using Fisher’s combination procedure. For each frequency band, sLORETA voxels differing between conditions at Fisher’s (across groups) p < 0.05 were computed into centers of gravity separately for increased and decreased activation.
RESULTS:
Activity that was stronger during arithmetic compared to resting had gravity centers in midline anterior regions for slow frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha-1) and in right posterior regions for fast frequency bands (alpha-2 through gamma). Activity that was weaker during arithmetic compared to resting was centered around left parietal areas for all eight frequency bands.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that arithmetic compared to resting involves frontal inhibition coupled with increased right parietal activation, and left parietal reduced facilitatory and reduced inhibitory activity.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Theodoropoulou, A.
Secondary author(s):
Tei, S., Lehmann, D., Faber, P., Schlegel, F., Milz, P.
Document type:
Abstract
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Theodoropoulou, A., Tei, S., Lehmann, D., Faber, P., Schlegel, F., & Milz, P. (2011). P02-349 - EEG frequency band sloreta sources during mental arithmetic compared to resting. European Psychiatry, 26(Suppl. 1), 945. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-9338(11)72650-5
Indexed document: Yes
Keywords: Mental arithmetic / Brain activity / sLoreta
DocumentBrain electric activity during arithmetic – an EEG source localization study2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-044
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 19/2006
Title:
044 - Brain electric activity in meditation: Extension of earlier work and hypothesis testing
Duration: 2007-10 - 2010-01
Researcher(s):
Dietrich Lehmann, Shisei Tei, Pascal Faber, Hiraoki Kumano, Lorena Gianotti, Roberto Pascual-Marqui
Institution(s): The KEY Institute for Brain-Mind Research, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Zurich (Switzerland)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
8 Articles (published or submitted)
14 Posters
Language: eng
Author:
Lehmann, D.
Secondary author(s):
Tei, S., Faber, P., Kumano, H., Gianotti, L., Pascual-Marqui, R.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Altered states of consciousness / Meditation

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-044.26
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 19/2006
Title:
Brain electric activity during arithmetic – an EEG source localization study
Publication year: 2012
URL:
http://www.resowi.at/Tagungsband_OeGP_neu.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
INTRODUCTION:
What happens during mental calculation in the brain? We investigated this question in four independent groups of healthy adults (N=15, 14, 14, 23) using low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA).
METHODS:
For each group, EEG (19-58 channels) was recorded during a simple mental calculation task (quiet continuous subtraction of 7 from 400) and during pre- and post-task resting. For each condition and each of eight EEG frequency bands (delta through gamma), sLORETA current density was computed (6239 cortical voxels). Pre- and post-task resting values were averaged and all current densities were log-transformed and normalized for each EEG frequency band. Paired t-tests revealed significant differences between conditions at p<0.05 corrected for multiple testing. For each EEG frequency band, these were combined across groups using Fisher’s combination procedure. From the significant voxels, centers of gravity for increased and decreased activation were computed.
RESULTS:
Centers of gravity revealed that low frequency activity (delta through alpha-1) that was stronger during arithmetic compared to resting centered in midline anterior regions, high frequency activity (alpha-2 through gamma) in right posterior regions. Activity that was weaker during arithmetic compared to resting centered in left posterior areas for all frequency bands.
DISCUSSION:
The results suggest that the execution of a simple calculation task demands an inhibition of anterior regions (known to be associated with higher cognitive processing) and facilitation of right posterior regions, and an interplay of decreased inhibition and decreased facilitation in left posterior regions.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Milz, P.
Secondary author(s):
Faber, P., Theodoropoulou, A., Tei, S., Lehmann, D.
Document type:
Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Milz, P., Faber, P., Theodoropoulou, A., Tei, S., & Lehmann, D. (2012). Brain electric activity during arithmetic – an EEG source localization study. 10. Jahrestagung, Oesterreichische Gesellschaft für Psychologie (ÖGP), Graz, Austria (p. 112).
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Mental arithmetic / sLoreta / Brain activity

Brain electric activity during arithmetic – an EEG source localization study

Brain electric activity during arithmetic – an EEG source localization study