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BIAL Foundation
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DocumentHypnotically induced near-death-like experiences: An exploratory study of phenomenological similarities2022

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-069
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
069 - Induced near-death-experiences in healthy volunteers: Phenomenology, psychophysiology and after effects. Illustration with two exceptional case studies
Duration: 2018-05 - 2020-11
Researcher(s):
Mário Simões, Sofia Machado Ferreira, Ana Paula Farinha
Institution(s): Laboratory of Mind-Matter Interaction with Therapeutic Intention - LIMMIT, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa (Portugal); Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Progress report
Final report
Article
Author: Simões, M.
Secondary author(s):
Ferreira, S., Farinha, A.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Hypnosis / Near death experiences / Spiritualiy / Amplified states of consciousness / Parapsychology and Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-069.02
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Hypnotically induced near-death-like experiences: An exploratory study of phenomenological similarities
Publication year: 2022
URL:
https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2085592/
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Near-death experiences (NDEs) are known to occur in individuals who go through the first stages of physical death but can also happen as a nontypical manifestation of several forms of non-ordinary states of consciousness. In this exploratory study, we assessed the possibility of inducing the phenomenological components of an NDE through hypnosis using a specific script in a
group setting. Participants were 7 males (38.9%) and 11 females (61.1%) ranging in age from 15 to 59 years with a mean age of 35.9. NDE Scale (Greyson, 1983) scores among the 17 participants whose total scores met the criterion of 7 or higher were seemingly indistinguishable, in both content and intensity, from scores of spontaneous near-death experiencers. Older participants scored higher on the three non-cognitive subscales. The core phenomenological components were prevalently affective, pointing to the likelihood that expectations played a role in induced experiences, as may also be the case with spontaneous NDEs that were in some way anticipated. However, we were unable to conclude that, beyond phenomenology, a hypnotically induced experience was equivalent to a spontaneous episode. To affirm that a shift from ordinary consciousness, facilitated by hypnosis, is adequate to bring someone close to a theoretical mental threshold that might be called Near-Death Consciousness, in which a comparable event could be hypothetically achieved, at least four variables should be considered: the context, content, intensity of deviation from ordinary consciousness, and aftereffects of the experience.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Machado, S.
Secondary author(s):
Farinha, A. P., Simões, M.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
Machado, S., Simões, M., & Franco, L. (2022). Hypnotically induced near-death-like experiences: An exploratory study of phenomenological similarities. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 40(1), 47-68. https://doi.org/10.17514/JNDS-2022-40-1-p47-68
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Hypnosis / Near-death experience / Near-death consciousness / Near-death-like experience / Non-ordinary states of consciousness

Hypnotically induced near-death-like experiences: An exploratory study of phenomenological similarities

Hypnotically induced near-death-like experiences: An exploratory study of phenomenological similarities
DocumentAutonomic nervous system modulation during self-induced non-ordinary states of consciousness2023

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2018
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2018 Grants
Start date: 2019-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2018-261
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
261 - Phenomenological experience and neurophysiological correlates of shamanic trance in healthy individuals
Duration: 2019-07 - 2021-11
Researcher(s):
Olivia Gosseries
Institution(s): GIGA research center, GIGA-Consciousness, University of Liège (Belgium)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Gosseries, O.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Trance / Phenomenology / Electrophysiology / Consciousness / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2018-261.08
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Autonomic nervous system modulation during self-induced non-ordinary states of consciousness
Publication year: 2023
URL:
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42393-7
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Self-induced cognitive trance (SICT) is a voluntary non-ordinary state of consciousness characterized by a lucid yet narrowed awareness of the external surroundings. It involves a hyper-focused immersive experience of flow, expanded inner imagery, modified somatosensory processing, and an altered perception of self and time. SICT is gaining attention due to its potential clinical applications. Similar states of non-ordinary state of consciousness, such as meditation, hypnosis, and psychedelic experiences, have been reported to induce changes in the autonomic nervous system. However, the functioning of the autonomic nervous system during SICT remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of SICT on the cardiac and respiratory signals of 25 participants proficient in SICT. To accomplish this, we measured various metrics of heart rate variability (HRV) and respiration rate variability (RRV) in three conditions: resting state, SICT, and a mental imagery task. Subsequently, we employed a machine learning framework utilizing a linear discriminant analysis classifier and a cross-validation scheme to identify the features that exhibited the best discrimination between these three conditions. The results revealed that during SICT, participants experienced an increased heart rate and a decreased level of high-frequency (HF) HRV compared to the control conditions. Additionally, specific increases in respiratory amplitude, phase ratio, and RRV were observed during SICT in comparison to the other conditions. These findings suggest that SICT is associated with a reduction in parasympathetic activity, indicative of a hyperarousal state of the autonomic nervous system during SICT.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Oswald, V.
Secondary author(s):
Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Annen, J., Martial, C., Bicego, A., Rousseaux, F., Sombrun, C., Harel, Y., Faymonville, M. E., Laureys, S., Jerbi, K., Gosseries, O.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
Oswald, V., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Annen, J., Martial, C., Bicego, A., Rousseaux, F., Sombrun, C., Harel, Y., Faymonville, M. E., Laureys, S., Jerbi, K., & Gosseries, O. (2023). Autonomic nervous system modulation during self-induced non-ordinary states of consciousness. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 15811. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42393-7
2-year Impact Factor: 3.8|2023
Times cited: 12|2025-09-26
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Non-ordinary states of consciousness / Self-induced cognitive trance / Heart rate variability / Autonomic nervous system

Autonomic nervous system modulation during self-induced non-ordinary states of consciousness

Autonomic nervous system modulation during self-induced non-ordinary states of consciousness
DocumentUnderstanding individual differences in non-ordinary state of consciousness: Relationship between phenomenological experiences and autonomic nervous system2025

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2018
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2018 Grants
Start date: 2019-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2018-261
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
261 - Phenomenological experience and neurophysiological correlates of shamanic trance in healthy individuals
Duration: 2019-07 - 2021-11
Researcher(s):
Olivia Gosseries
Institution(s): GIGA research center, GIGA-Consciousness, University of Liège (Belgium)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Gosseries, O.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Trance / Phenomenology / Electrophysiology / Consciousness / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2018-261.14
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Understanding individual differences in non-ordinary state of consciousness: Relationship between phenomenological experiences and autonomic nervous system
Publication year: 2025
URL:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2025.100552
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Non-ordinary states of consciousness offer a unique opportunity to explore the interplay between phenomenological experiences and physiological processes. This study investigated individual differences in phenomenological and autonomic nervous system changes between a resting state condition and a non-ordinary state of consciousness (auto-induced cognitive trance, AICT). Specifically, it examined the relationship between self-reported experiences (e.g., absorption, visual representations) and heart rate variability (HRV).
Twenty-seven participants underwent electrocardiography recordings and completed self-report questionnaires during rest and AICT. A machine learning framework distinguished the rest and AICT states based on self-reported measures and HRV metrics. A linear mixed-effects model assessed inter-individual differences in HRV and self-reported phenomenology between the two states. Finally, the relationship between relative change in HRV and self-reported experiences was explored.
Results showed changes in self-reported phenomenology (accuracy=86 %; p<.001) and HRV (accuracy=73 %; p<.001) characterizing the AICT state compared to rest. The baseline level in phenomenology or HRV was associated with change amplitude during AICT. Moreover, relative change in HRV was associated with change in phenomenology.
The findings suggest that inter-individual differences at rest revealed a functional mechanism between phenomenology and the autonomic nervous system during non-ordinary states of consciousness, offering a novel perspective on how physiological mechanisms shape subjective experiences.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Oswald, V.
Secondary author(s):
Jerbi, K., Sombrun, C., Jitka, A., Martial, C., Gosseries, O., Vanhaudenhuyse, A.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
Oswald, V., Jerbi, K., Sombrun, C., Jitka, A., Martial, C., Gosseries, O., & Vanhaudenhuyse, A. (2025). Understanding individual differences in non-ordinary state of consciousness: Relationship between phenomenological experiences and autonomic nervous system. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 25(1), 100552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2025.100552
2-year Impact Factor: 4.4|2024
Impact factor notes: Impact factor not available yet for 2025
Times cited: 0|2025-09-27
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Non-ordinary states of consciousness / Auto-induced cognitive trance / Heart rate variability / Phenomenological experiences / Machine learning / Inter-individual differences

Understanding individual differences in non-ordinary state of consciousness: Relationship between phenomenological experiences and autonomic nervous system

Understanding individual differences in non-ordinary state of consciousness: Relationship between phenomenological experiences and autonomic nervous system