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Type Title Begin End
DocumentAn investigation into the alleged haunting of Hampton Court Palace: Psychological variables and magnetic fields2002

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-1996
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 8/1996
Title:
1996 Grants
Start date: 1997-01 - 2005-05
Dimension/support:
8 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-1996-007
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/1996
Title:
007 - Human sensitivity to environmental energy fields - considering the role of electromagnetic fields as noised-based stressors and their relationship to psi phenomena
Duration: 1997-01 - 1998-10
Researcher(s):
Paul Stevens, Robert Morris
Institution(s): The University of Edinburgh (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Stevens, P.
Secondary author(s):
Morris, R.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Magnetic field

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-1996-007.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/1996
Title:
An investigation into the alleged haunting of Hampton Court Palace: Psychological variables and magnetic fields
Publication year: 2002
URL:
http://uhra.herts.ac.uk/handle/2299/2280
Contents: http://apps.webofknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=GeneralSearch&qid=36&SID=V1leIhH4ysTdNpr3OrX&page=1&doc=1
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Hampton Court Palace is reputed to be one of the most haunted places in England, with both staff and visitors reporting unusual phenomena in many areas of the building. This investigation aimed to discover the extent to which these reports were related to 3 variables: belief in ghosts, suggestion, and magnetic fields. Participants (N = 678) completed questionnaires measuring belief in ghosts, previously experienced unusual phenomena and whether they attributed these phenomena to ghosts. Believers reported significantly more unusual phenomena than disbelievers and were significantly more likely to attribute the phenomena to ghosts. Participants then walked around an allegedly haunted area of die Palace and reported unusual phenomena they experienced. Believers reported sinificantly more anomalous experiences than disbelievers and were significantly more likely to attribute these to a ghost. Prior to visiting the locations, half of the participants were told that the area was associated with a recent increase in unusual phenomena, whereas the other half were told the opposite. In line with previous work, the number of unusual experiences reported by participants showed a significant interaction between belief in ghosts-and these suggestions. Results indicated a possible relationship between the locations in which participants reported their experiences and local magnetic fields.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Stevens, P.
Secondary author(s):
Wiseman, R. , Watt, C., Greening, E. , O'Keeffe, C.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Stevens, P., Wiseman, R., Watt, C., Greening, E. & O'Keeffe, C. (2002). An investigation into the alleged haunting of Hampton Court Palace: Psychological variables and magnetic fields. Journal of Parapsychology, 66(4), 387-408.
2-year Impact Factor: 0.516|2002
Times cited: 14|2025-02-04
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q4
Keywords: Psychophysiology / Parapsychology / Transpersonal psychology / Hauntings / Suggestion / Magnetic field

DocumentHaunted by somatic tendencies: spirit infestation as psychogenic illness2002

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 13/2000
Title:
2000 Grants
Start date: 2001-01 - 2014-02
Dimension/support:
13 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-003
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 9/2000
Title:
003 - Psychophysiology of transliminality
Duration: 2001-01 - 2004-06
Researcher(s):
James Houran
Institution(s): SIU School of Medicine, Springfield (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report as a doctoral thesis
13 Articles (published or submitted)
SPSS outputs
Language: eng
Author:
Houran, J.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Transliminality / Paranormal belief / Apparitions/haunting / Cognitive processes

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-003.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 9/2000
Title:
Haunted by somatic tendencies: spirit infestation as psychogenic illness
Publication year: 2002
URL:
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13674670210141061?journalCode=cmhr20
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
It has been suggested that haunting and poltergeist episodes are akin to outbreaks of contagious psychogenic illness. Therefore, it might be expected that hypochondriacal and somatic tendencies would significantly predict self-reported experiences of 'spirit infestation' and other paranormal ideations. This prediction was tested on a sample of 314 undergraduate students who completed the Anomalous Experiences Inventory, the Transliminality Scale and three standard questionnaires about hypochondriasis, somatic complaints, and cognitions about body and health. Results from correlational and regression analyses supported predictions, although we found that the type of bodily cognition varied with the specificity of the paranormal experience. For example, indices of spirit infestation coincided with autonomic sensations, perceived paranormal ability was related to catastrophizing cognitions, and general paranormal experiences correlated with somatization traits. Transliminality and paranormal belief contributed positively to nearly all of these associations. These findings are consistent with the idea that some paranormal experiences are partly misattributions of internal experience to external (paranormal) sources - a process that could initiate an episode of contagious (mass) psychogenic illness by encouraging the collective perception of similar 'symptoms' in a group of people due to suggestion and demand characteristics.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Houran, J.
Secondary author(s):
Kumar, V. K., Lavertue, N. E.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Houran, J., Kumar, V. K., Thalbourne, M. A., & Lavertue, N. E. (2002). Haunted by somatic tendencies: spirit infestation as psychogenic illness. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 5(2), 119-133. https://doi.org/10.1080/1367467021014106
2-year Impact Factor: N/A
Impact factor notes: Impact factor computed since 2020
Times cited: N/A
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: N/A
Keywords: Parapsychology / Paranormal experiences / Suggestion / Contagious

Haunted by somatic tendencies: spirit infestation as psychogenic illness

Haunted by somatic tendencies: spirit infestation as psychogenic illness

DocumentSuggestion, belief in the paranormal, proneness to reality testing deficits and perception of an allegedly haunted building2015

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2010
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 23
Title:
2010 Grants
Start date: 2011-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2010-039
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 8/2010
Title:
039 - Paranormal belief, evaluation of paranormal experiences, schizoptypy and reality testing
Duration: 2011-09 - 2013-11
Researcher(s):
Neil Andrew Dagnall, Gary Munley, Andrew Parker
Institution(s): The Manchester Metropolitan University, Research Institute of Health and Social Change, Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Dep. of Psychology, Manchester (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Dagnall, N.
Secondary author(s):
Munley, G., Parker, A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Paranormal belief / Personality factors / Anomalous cognition/experiences / Assessment tools

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2010-039.04
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 8/2010
Title:
Suggestion, belief in the paranormal, proneness to reality testing deficits and perception of an allegedly haunted building
Publication year: 2015
URL:
http://www.rhine.org/resources/journal-of-parapsychology/archived-issues/292-volume-79-number-1-spring-2015.html
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
The present study investigated whether suggestion, level of belief in the paranormal, and proneness to reality testing deficits influenced participants’ expectation of haunt-related phenomena. Participants watched a short slideshow outlining the history of a fictitious, abandoned hospital. Suggestion occurred in the final sentence of the presentation narration and stated that the hospital administrative building had either a history of ghostly activity or structural problems. Following the slideshow, to ensure participants attended to the suggestion, they read a transcript of the presentation narration. The experimenter then informed participants that they would see the internal features of the administrative building via a soundless, black and white video tour. On conclusion of the filmed sequence, participants completed measures assessing environmental perceptions and phenomena, haunt-related opinions and feelings, belief in the paranormal (Revised Paranormal Belief Scale), and proneness to reality testing deficits (Inventory of Personality Organization). Within the experimental phase, only level of paranormal belief and proneness to reality testing deficits affected haunt-related ratings; suggestion had no effect. Second phase inquiry, using path analysis, revealed that haunting history (the extent to which participants believed the administrative building had a history of being haunted) mediated the relationship between paranormal belief and expectation of haunt-related phenomena.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Dagnall, N.
Secondary author(s):
Drinkwater, K., Denovan, A., Parker, A.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Dagnall, N., Drinkwater, K., Denovan, A., & Parker, A. (2015). Suggestion, belief in the paranormal, proneness to reality testing deficits and perception of an allegedly haunted building. Journal of Parapsychology, 79(1), 87–104.
2-year Impact Factor: N/A
Times cited: N/A
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: N/A
Keywords: Suggestion / Paranormal belief / Reality testing / Haunting

DocumentThe power of suggestion: Placebo, hypnosis, imaginative suggestion and attention2014

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012
Location: SEC PCA
Title:
2012 Grants
Start date: 2013-02

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-248
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 6/2012
Title:
248 - Using hypnosis to distinguish between cognitive and metacognitive conscious experience
Duration: 2013-10 - 2015-05
Researcher(s):
Pedro Alexandre Magalhães de Saldanha da Gama, Axel Cleeremans, Zoltan Dienes, Amir Raz
Institution(s): Université Libre de Bruxelles (Belgium)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Article
Progress report
Final report
PhD thesis
Article
Language: eng
Author:
Gama, P.
Secondary author(s):
Cleeremans, A., Dienes, Z., Raz, A.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Cognitive processes / Decision-making / Consciousness / Altered states of consciousness / Hypnosis

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-248.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 6/2012
Title:
The power of suggestion: Placebo, hypnosis, imaginative suggestion and attention
Publication year: 2014
URL:
http://theses.ulb.ac.be/ETD-db/collection/available/ULBetd-02152015-111308/
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
People have always been fascinated by the extent to which belief or will may influence behavior. Proverbs, like “we tend to get what we expect,” and concepts, such as optimistic thinking or self-fulfilling prophecy, reflect this intuition of an important link between one’s dispositions and subsequent behavior. In other words, one’s predictions directly or indirectly cause them to become true. In a similar manner, every culture, country or religion has their own words for ‘expectation,’ ‘belief,’ ‘disappointment,’ ‘surprise,’ and generally all have the same meaning: under uncertainty, what one expects or believes is the most likely to happen. This relation between what caused a reaction in the past will probably cause it again in the future might not be realistic. If the expected outcome is not confirmed, it may result in a personal ‘disappointment’, and if the outcome fits no expectations, it will be a ‘surprise’. Our brain is hardwired with this heuristic capacity of learning the cause-effect relationship and to project its probability as the basis for much of our behavior, as well as cognitions. This experience-based expectation is a form of learning that helps the brain to bypass an exhaustive search in finding a satisfactory solution. Expectations may thus be considered an innate theory of causality; that is, a set of factors (causes) generating a given phenomenon (effects) influence the way we treat incoming information but also the way we retrieve the stored information. These expectancy templates may well represent one of the basic rules of how the brain processes information, affecting the way we perceive the world, direct our attention and deal with conflicting information. In fact, expectations have been shown to influence our judgments and social interactions, along with our volition to individually decide and commit to a particular course of action. However, people’s expectations may elicit the anticipation of their own automatic reactions to various situations and behaviors cues, and can explain that expecting to feel an increase in alertness after coffee consumption leads to experiencing the consequent physiologic and behavioral states. We call this behavior-response expectancy. This non-volitional form of expectation has been shown to influence cognitions such as memory, pain, visual awareness, implicit learning and attention, through the mediation of phenomena like placebo effects and hypnotic behaviors. Importantly,when talking about expectations, placebo and hypnosis, it is important to note that we are also talking about suggestion and its modulating capability. In other words, suggestion has the power to create response expectancies that activate automatic responses, which will, in turn, influence cognition and behavior so as to shape them congruently with the expected outcome. Accordingly, hypnotic inductions are a systematic manipulation of expectancy, similar to placebo, and therefore they both work in a similar way. Considering such assumptions, the major question we address in this PhD thesis is to know if these expectancy-based mechanisms are capable of modulating more high-level information processing such as cognitive conflict resolution, as is present in the well-known Stroop task. In fact, in a recent series of studies, reduction or elimination of Stroop congruency effects was obtained through suggestion and hypnotic induction. In this PhD thesis, it is asked whether a suggestion reinforced by placebos, operating through response-expectancy mechanisms, is able to induce a top-down cognitive modulation to overcome cognitive conflict in the Stroop task, similar to those results found using suggestion and hypnosis manipulation.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Gama, P.
Document type:
Doctoral thesis
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Gama, P. (2014). The power of suggestion: Placebo, hypnosis, imaginative suggestion and attention (Unpublished doctoral thesis). Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté des Sciences Psychologiques et de l’Education, Bélgium.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Placebo effect / Hypnosis / Hypnotic Response / Hypnotizability / Placebo / Alertness / Hypnotic Susceptibility / Object-based Attentional Selection / Eye-Blink, Inhibition / Stroop effect / Waterloo-Stanford Group C (WSGC) scale / Stroop task / Attention / Cognitive Control / Attentional Networks / Dopamine / Suggestion / Stroop / Response expectancy / Expectancy / Expectations / Imagination / Suggestability / Suggestion

DocumentFinal report - Using hypnosis to distinguish between cognitive and metacognitive conscious experience2015

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012
Location: SEC PCA
Title:
2012 Grants
Start date: 2013-02

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-248
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 6/2012
Title:
248 - Using hypnosis to distinguish between cognitive and metacognitive conscious experience
Duration: 2013-10 - 2015-05
Researcher(s):
Pedro Alexandre Magalhães de Saldanha da Gama, Axel Cleeremans, Zoltan Dienes, Amir Raz
Institution(s): Université Libre de Bruxelles (Belgium)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Article
Progress report
Final report
PhD thesis
Article
Language: eng
Author:
Gama, P.
Secondary author(s):
Cleeremans, A., Dienes, Z., Raz, A.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Cognitive processes / Decision-making / Consciousness / Altered states of consciousness / Hypnosis

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-248.01
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 6/2012
Title:
Final report - Using hypnosis to distinguish between cognitive and metacognitive conscious experience
Publication year: 2015
URL:
https://www.bial.com/imagem/Bolsa24812_17072015.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Two studies were conducted to investigate the relationships between objective performance (type I) and subjective judgments (type II or metacognition) by manipulating metacognition through hypnosis and suggestion in an action-based paradigm (i.e., rubber hand illusion). In a first study, we have developed an improved version of the classic rubber hand in the form of a robotic hand. In our initial action paradigm project, the robotic hand would provide the opportunity of refining the modulation of the sense of agency (i.e., type II) through hypnosis. Overall results show that the robotic hand induces both a sense of ownership and a sense of agency. In a second study, we attempted to modulate implicit level of agency (i.e., intentional binding measure from the original Libet clock experiment) through hypnosis by using the robotic hand device. Participants who had previously been screened for hypnotizability passed four experimental conditions. In the two hypnosis conditions (i.e., active and passive), a post-hypnotic suggestion conveyed the information that the robotic hand and the tone were due to their own (participants) movement. In reality, the robotic hand controlled the action. In the two non-hypnotic conditions, no hypnosis or suggestion was induced. Overall, results revealed a main effect of Condition where the binding between action and tone was stronger in the active vs. the passive condition, thus replicating previous studies. However, neither a main effect of Hypnosis, nor the interaction between condition and hypnosis were observed. Several methodological issues can explain these null results therefore we cannot conclude that hypnotic modulation of agency (i.e., type II) has no effect on this paradigm.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Gama, P.
Secondary author(s):
Cleeremans, A., Dienes, Z., Raz, A.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
1
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Robotic hand / Agency / Ownership / Hypnosis / Suggestion

Final report - Using hypnosis to distinguish between cognitive and metacognitive conscious experience

Final report - Using hypnosis to distinguish between cognitive and metacognitive conscious experience

File102 - Using suggestion to influence attitudes and behaviour2018-012020-01

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-102
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
102 - Using suggestion to influence attitudes and behaviour
Duration: 2018-01 - 2020-01
Researcher(s):
Jeremy Olson, Thomas Strandberg, Amir Raz, Petter Johansson
Institution(s): Raz Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, McGill University & Montreal Neurological Institute (Canada); Choice Blindness Laboratory, Lund University Cognitive Science (Sweden)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Author: Olson, J. A.
Secondary author(s):
Strandberg, T., Raz, A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Suggestion / Hypnosis / Magic / Deception / Parapsychology

DocumentHypnosis and top-down regulation of consciousness2017

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2014 Grants
Start date: 2015-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-344
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
344 - An integrative approach to the neural basis of hypnotic suggestibility
Duration: 2015-04 - 2017-09
Researcher(s):
Devin Blair Terhune
Institution(s): Goldsmiths, University of London (UK)
Abstract/Results: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Progress reports
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Terhune, D. B.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Hypnotic Suggestibility / Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Individual differences / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-344.03
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Hypnosis and top-down regulation of consciousness
Publication year: 2017
URL:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763416306339
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Hypnosis is a unique form of top-down regulation in which verbal suggestions are capable of eliciting pronounced changes in a multitude of psychological phenomena. Hypnotic suggestion has been widely used both as a technique for studying basic science questions regarding human consciousness but also as a method for targeting a range of symptoms within a therapeutic context. Here we provide a synthesis of current knowledge regarding the characteristics and neurocognitive mechanisms of hypnosis. We review evidence from cognitive neuroscience, experimental psychopathology, and clinical psychology regarding the utility of hypnosis as an experimental method for modulating consciousness, as a model for studying healthy and pathological cognition, and as a therapeutic vehicle. We also highlight the relations between hypnosis and other psychological phenomena, including the broader domain of suggestion and suggestibility, and conclude by identifying the most salient challenges confronting the nascent cognitive neuroscience of hypnosis and outlining future directions for research on hypnosis and suggestion.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Terhune, D. B.
Secondary author(s):
Cleeremans, A., Raz, A., Lynn, S. J.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
Terhune, D. B., Cleeremans, A., Raz, A., & Lynn, S. J. (2017). Hypnosis and top-down regulation of consciousness. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 81(Part A), 59-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.02.002
2-year Impact Factor: 8.037|2017
Times cited: 100|2025-02-10
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Agency / Cognitive control / Metacognition / Placebo / Suggestibility / Suggestion / Therapy

DocumentPsychedelics and hypnosis: Commonalities and therapeutic implications2018

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-070
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
070 - Understanding atypical metacognition and time perception in high hypnotic suggestibility
Duration: 2017-11
Researcher(s):
Devin Terhune
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Final report
Notes: Ongoing project
Author: Terhune, D. B.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Metacognition / Hypnosis / Time perception / Hypnotic suggestibility / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-070.02
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Psychedelics and hypnosis: Commonalities and therapeutic implications
Publication year: 2018
URL:
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0269881118780714?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND:
Recent research on psychedelics and hypnosis demonstrates the value of both methods in the treatment of a range of psychopathologies with overlapping applications and neurophenomenological features. The potential of harnessing the power of suggestion to influence the phenomenological response to psychedelics toward more therapeutic action has remained unexplored in recent research and thereby warrants empirical attention.
AIMS:
Here we aim to elucidate the phenomenological and neurophysiological similarities and dissimilarities between psychedelic states and hypnosis in order to revisit how contemporary knowledge may inform their conjunct usage in psychotherapy.
METHODS:
We review recent advances in phenomenological and neurophysiological research on psychedelics and hypnosis, and we summarize early investigations on the coupling of psychedelics and hypnosis in scientific and therapeutic contexts. Results/outcomes: We highlight commonalities and differences between psychedelics and hypnosis that point to the potential efficacy of combining the two in psychotherapy. We propose multiple research paths for coupling these two phenomena at different stages in the preparation, acute phase and follow-up of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy in order to prepare, guide and integrate the psychedelic experience with the aim of enhancing therapeutic outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION:
Harnessing the power of suggestion to modulate response to psychedelics could enhance their therapeutic efficacy by helping to increase the likelihood of positive responses, including mystical-type experiences.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Lemercier, C. E.
Secondary author(s):
Terhune, D. B.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
Lemercier, C. E., & Terhune, D. B. (2018). Psychedelics and hypnosis: Commonalities and therapeutic implications. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 32(7), 732-740. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881118780714
2-year Impact Factor: 4.221|2018
Times cited: 16|2025-02-11
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Consciousness / Hypnosis / Psychedelics / Psychotherapy / Suggestion

DocumentHypnosis and imagination2020

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-070
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
070 - Understanding atypical metacognition and time perception in high hypnotic suggestibility
Duration: 2017-11
Researcher(s):
Devin Terhune
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Final report
Notes: Ongoing project
Author: Terhune, D. B.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Metacognition / Hypnosis / Time perception / Hypnotic suggestibility / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-070.03
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Hypnosis and imagination
Publication year: 2020
URL:
https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-handbook-of-the-imagination/B4080A5A7D13689D97D73E916A8DDDA5
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Hypnosis involves the use of verbal suggestion to modulate behaviour and experience. Hypnosis and imagination have long been associated and the view that hypnotic suggestion effects changes in experience through imagination is a persistent one. In this review, we first present a brief overview of hypnosis and then turn to its potential relationship to imagery and imagination. We consider whether individual differences in imagination may relate to hypnotic suggestibility and the extent to which imagery is recruited during response to hypnotic suggestions in psychological and neuroimaging studies. Finally, we briefly consider the roles of imagery and suggestion in clinical applications of hypnosis. We conclude that whilst hypnotic suggestibility may relate to variability in imagination, hypnotic suggestion and voluntary forms of imagery are subserved by dissimilar neurocognitive mechanisms.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Terhune, D. B.
Secondary author(s):
Oakley, D. A.
Document type:
Book chapter
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
Terhune, D., & Oakley, D. (2020). Hypnosis and Imagination. In A. Abraham (Ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of the Imagination (Cambridge Handbooks in Psychology, pp. 711-727). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108580298.043
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Awareness / Hypnosis / Hypnotic suggestibility / Hypnotisability / Imagery / Imagination / Suggestion

DocumentFinal report - Using suggestion to influence attitudes and behaviour2020

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-102
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
102 - Using suggestion to influence attitudes and behaviour
Duration: 2018-01 - 2020-01
Researcher(s):
Jeremy Olson, Thomas Strandberg, Amir Raz, Petter Johansson
Institution(s): Raz Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, McGill University & Montreal Neurological Institute (Canada); Choice Blindness Laboratory, Lund University Cognitive Science (Sweden)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Author: Olson, J. A.
Secondary author(s):
Strandberg, T., Raz, A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Suggestion / Hypnosis / Magic / Deception / Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-102.01
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Final report - Using suggestion to influence attitudes and behaviour
Publication year: 2020
URL:
https://www.bial.com/media/3226/using-suggestion-to-influence-attitudes-and-behaviour.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Although researchers have explored hypnosis for decades, psychologists have relatively neglected one of its core components: suggestion. We tested two paradigms to assess how suggestion outside of the context of hypnosis can affect attitudes and behaviour. In both paradigms, we used the choice blindness method, in which participants receive false feedback about the outcome of a recent decision.
METHOD AND RESULTS
In Study 1, we ran 65 participants through a lab study in which we used false feedback from a sham brain scanner, as well as various subtle suggestions, to affect participants’ attitudes and behaviour. We saw a large change in self-reported attitudes consistent with the feedback, but no behavioural change. In Study 2, we explored a reduced suggestion paradigm outside of the lab during the United States presidential debates. We gave 136 participants false feedback about their political affiliation, making them seem more open-minded than they initially reported. The large majority of participants endorsed this false feedback and readily offered rationalisations for it. We replicated these results in two additional online samples totalling 955 participants and found similar results across the political spectrum.
CONCLUSIONS
Combined, these studies demonstrate that using suggestion in the context of choice blindness can be a practical method to study attitude change.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Olson, J.
Secondary author(s):
Strandberg, T., Raz, A.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Olson, J., Strandberg, T., & Raz, A. (2020). Final report - Using suggestion to influence attitudes and behaviour.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Suggestion / Choice blindness / Deception / Attitudes

Final report - Using suggestion to influence attitudes and behaviour

Final report - Using suggestion to influence attitudes and behaviour

DocumentDifficult turned easy: Suggestions render a challenging visual task simple2021

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-280
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
280 - Probing the unconscious mind with instrumental hypnosis
Duration: 2020-06
Researcher(s):
Mathieu Landry, Jérôme Sackur, Amir Raz
Institution(s): Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique, École Normale Supérieure, Paris (France); Raz Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, McGill University, Montreal (Canada)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Progress reports
Final report
Articles
Author: Landry, M.
Secondary author(s):
Sackur, J., Raz, A.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Hypnosis / Unconsciousness / Neurophysiology / De-automatization / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-280.04
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Difficult turned easy: Suggestions render a challenging visual task simple
Publication year: 2021
URL:
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797620954856
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Suggestion, via attention and motivation, can cause some individuals to miss or disregard existing visual stimuli; but can it infuse sensory input with non-existing information? While several prominent theories of hypnotic suggestion propose that mental imagery can change our perceptual experience, data to support this stance remain sparse. The present study addresses this lacuna, showcasing how suggesting the presence of physically-absent, yet critical, visual information recasts an otherwise difficult task into an easy one. Here we show how adult participants, highly susceptible to hypnotic suggestion, successfully hallucinated visual occluders atop an established visual paradigm requiring perceptual integration of object motion. Our findings support the idea that, at least in some people, suggestions can add perceptual information to sensory input. This observation carries meaningful weight to theoretical, clinical, and applied aspects of the brain and psychological sciences.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Landry, M.
Secondary author(s):
Da Silva Castanheira, J., Sackur, J., Raz, A.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
3
Percentiles:
7
Reference:
Landry, M., Da Silva Castanheira, J., Sackur, J., & Raz, A. (2021). Difficult turned easy: Suggestions render a challenging visual task simple. Psychological science, 32(1), 39-49. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620954856
2-year Impact Factor: 7.029|2020
Times cited: 3|2024-02-14
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Suggestion / Hypnosis / Perception / Visual imagery / Perceptual integration

Difficult turned easy: Suggestions render a challenging visual task simple

Difficult turned easy: Suggestions render a challenging visual task simple

DocumentTrait phenomenological control predicts experience of mirror synaesthesia and the rubber hand illusion2020

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2018
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2018 Grants
Start date: 2019-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2018-163
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
163 - Effects of a short-term mindfulness intervention on hypnotisability and mental health
Duration: 2019-04 - 2020-04
Researcher(s):
Zoltan Dienes, Peter Lush
Institution(s): School of Psychology, University of Sussex (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Article
Language: eng
Author:
Dienes, Z.
Secondary author(s):
Lush, P.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Hypnosis / Metacognition / Mindfulness / Meditation / Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2018-163.05
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Trait phenomenological control predicts experience of mirror synaesthesia and the rubber hand illusion
Publication year: 2020
URL:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-18591-6
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
In hypnotic responding, expectancies arising from imaginative suggestion drive striking experiential changes (e.g., hallucinations) — which are experienced as involuntary — according to a normally distributed and stable trait ability (hypnotisability). Such experiences can be triggered by implicit suggestion and occur outside the hypnotic context. In large sample studies (of 156, 404 and 353 participants), we report substantial relationships between hypnotisability and experimental measures of experiential change in mirror-sensory synaesthesia and the rubber hand illusion comparable to relationships between hypnotisability and individual hypnosis scale items. The control of phenomenology to meet expectancies arising from perceived task requirements can account for experiential change in psychological experiments.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Lush, P.
Secondary author(s):
Botan, V., Scott, R. B., Seth, A. K., Ward, J., Dienes, J.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Percentiles:
4
Reference:
Lush, P., Botan, V., Scott, R. B., Seth, A. K., Ward, J., & Dienes, J. (2020). Trait phenomenological control predicts experience of mirror synaesthesia and the rubber hand illusion. Nature Communications, 11: 4853. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18591-6
2-year Impact Factor: 14.919|2020
Times cited: 56|2024-02-13
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Hypnotisability / Suggestion / Rubber hand illusion / Mirror-sensory synaesthesia

Trait phenomenological control predicts experience of mirror synaesthesia and the rubber hand illusion

Trait phenomenological control predicts experience of mirror synaesthesia and the rubber hand illusion

File347 - Open-label choice blindness: Exploring the mechanism underlying auto-suggestion2021-112023-09

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2020 Grants
Start date: 2021-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-347
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
347 - Open-label choice blindness: Exploring the mechanism underlying auto-suggestion
Duration: 2021-11 - 2023-09
Researcher(s):
Jeremy Olson, Despina Artenie, Ellen Langer, Jian Kong
Institution(s): Department of Psychiatry, Massachusets General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (USA); Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Article
Language: eng
Author:
Olson, J.
Secondary author(s):
Artenie, D., Langer, E., Kong, J.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Suggestion / Hypnosis / Confabulation / Choice blindness / Parapsychology

DocumentFinal report - Open-label choice blindness: Exploring the mechanism underlying auto-suggestion2022

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2020 Grants
Start date: 2021-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-347
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
347 - Open-label choice blindness: Exploring the mechanism underlying auto-suggestion
Duration: 2021-11 - 2023-09
Researcher(s):
Jeremy Olson, Despina Artenie, Ellen Langer, Jian Kong
Institution(s): Department of Psychiatry, Massachusets General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (USA); Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Article
Language: eng
Author:
Olson, J.
Secondary author(s):
Artenie, D., Langer, E., Kong, J.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Suggestion / Hypnosis / Confabulation / Choice blindness / Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-347.01
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Final report - Open-label choice blindness: Exploring the mechanism underlying auto-suggestion
Publication year: 2022
Abstract/Results:
ABSTRACT:
Background
Choice blindness, the failure to detect that one’s selected choice has been replaced with an alternative, can be used to change well-entrenched attitudes with little resistance. This paradigm leverages confabulation, in which people generate post-hoc rationalisations after receiving false feedback about their choice.
Aims
First, we tested the generalisation of attitude changes after choice blindness manipulations. Second, we tested whether deception is necessary to cause these attitude changes.
Method
A total of 147 students completed measures of experiential avoidance (a risk factor for depression), depressive symptoms, and life satisfaction. Participants were then randomly assigned to one of three conditions. Control participants were asked to explain their agreement with three of their experiential avoidance questionnaire items; choice blindness participants explained items that were covertly manipulated to indicate less agreement, and non-deceptive choice blindness participants explained these manipulated items while knowing that they were manipulated. All participants then completed the same measures one week later.
Results
Both choice blindness conditions reduced agreement with the manipulated experiential avoidance items, showing that deception is not necessary for this kind of attitude change. These changes did not generalise to the overall experiential avoidance score, nor to related constructs of depression or life satisfaction.
Conclusions
Attitude changes following choice blindness interventions may leverage at least two mechanisms: one due to the process of generating confabulations, which may resemble self-suggestion, and one due to the belief that the manipulated feedback is one’s own.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Olson, J.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Olson, J. (2022). Final report - Open-label choice blindness: Exploring the mechanism underlying auto-suggestion.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Choice blindness / Confabulation / Suggestion / Depression

Final report - Open-label choice blindness: Exploring the mechanism underlying auto-suggestion

Final report - Open-label choice blindness: Exploring the mechanism underlying auto-suggestion