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Type Title Begin End
DocumentFinal report - Comportamento de Terapeutas e Clientes Face ao Sobrenatural2000

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-1996
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 8/1996
Title:
1996 Grants
Start date: 1997-01 - 2005-05
Dimension/support:
8 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-1996-006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/1996
Title:
006 - Comportamento de terapeutas e clientes face ao sobrenatural
Duration: 1997-01 - 1999-03
Researcher(s):
José Martins
Institution(s): Centro Estudos Educação e Psicologia, Universidade do Minho, Braga (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report (doctoral thesis)
Language: por
Author:
Martins, J. P.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Spiritualism / Religious beliefs/experiences / Intervention

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-1996-006.01
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/1996
Title:
Final report - Comportamento de Terapeutas e Clientes Face ao Sobrenatural
Publication year: 2000
URL:
http://www.bial.com/fotos/gca/1081781959bolsa_0696.pdf
Abstract/Results: RESULTS:
The author, through an inquiry made to three populations (psychotherapists, clients and population in general), tries to achieve possible influences of the supernatural, mainly the religious, with mental health in general and psychotherapy in particular.
The results confirm the high rate of Portuguese religiosity, when it is understood in a traditional way (extrinsic religiosity). This doesn't happen when religiosity complies to bigger authenticity criteria (intrinsic religiosity). It also confirms the increasing tendency of living the belief in a spirituality context rather than in an official religious context.
Concerning to the supernatural/mental health interaction, it was verified that when psychotherapists and clients speak in a self-way there is a tendency to undervalue the supernatural influence in the health context. When they speak by others, they agree that the supernatural means are the most quested, chiefly the religious ones in chronical situations.
In the religion/psychotherapy binomial, the results expose the importance of the religious context verbalization, and, on the other hand, suggest that that doesn't happen frequently. The religious interference in crucial moments of the therapeutical process, such as decision, choice of the psychotherapist, and the alliance’s establishment, is undervalued in global terms, but overvalued by the minority who identifies themselves with the "intrinsic religiosity" kind.
The author ends his work with few questions suggested by the results of the present investigation and finishes saying that it is no longer licit to talk globally about religiosity versus mental health, but "kinds of religion" versus mental health and psychotherapy.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
por
Author:
Martins, J. P.
Document type:
Doctoral thesis. Final report
Number of reproductions:
2
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Parapsychology / Supernatural / Religious belief / Psychotherapy

Novo ficheiro

Novo ficheiro

DocumentComportamento de terapeutas e clientes face ao sobrenatural2001

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-1996
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 8/1996
Title:
1996 Grants
Start date: 1997-01 - 2005-05
Dimension/support:
8 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-1996-006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/1996
Title:
006 - Comportamento de terapeutas e clientes face ao sobrenatural
Duration: 1997-01 - 1999-03
Researcher(s):
José Martins
Institution(s): Centro Estudos Educação e Psicologia, Universidade do Minho, Braga (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report (doctoral thesis)
Language: por
Author:
Martins, J. P.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Spiritualism / Religious beliefs/experiences / Intervention

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-1996-006.02
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/1996
Title:
Comportamento de terapeutas e clientes face ao sobrenatural
Publication year: 2001
URL:
http://www.bial.com/pt/fundacao_bial.11/simposios.19/edicoes_anteriores.75/3%C2%BA_simposio.a109.html
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
por
Author:
Martins, J. P.
Document type:
Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Martins, J. P. (2001). Comportamento de terapeutas e clientes face ao sobrenatural. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 3rd Symposium of Fundação Bial (pp. 377-378). Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Parapsychology / Supernatural / Religious belief

Comportamento de terapeutas e clientes face ao sobrenatural

Comportamento de terapeutas e clientes face ao sobrenatural

DocumentA ajuda psicológica e o sobrenatural1998

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-1996
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 8/1996
Title:
1996 Grants
Start date: 1997-01 - 2005-05
Dimension/support:
8 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-1996-006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 2/1996
Title:
006 - Comportamento de terapeutas e clientes face ao sobrenatural
Duration: 1997-01 - 1999-03
Researcher(s):
José Martins
Institution(s): Centro Estudos Educação e Psicologia, Universidade do Minho, Braga (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report (doctoral thesis)
Language: por
Author:
Martins, J. P.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Spiritualism / Religious beliefs/experiences / Intervention

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-1996-006.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 1/1996
Title:
A ajuda psicológica e o sobrenatural
Publication year: 1998
URL:
http://www.bial.com/pt/fundacao_bial.11/simposios.19/edicoes_anteriores.75/2%C2%BA_simposio.a108.html
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
por
Author:
Martins, J. P.
Document type:
Conference paper
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Martins, J.P. (1998). A ajuda psicológica e o sobrenatural. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 2nd Symposium of Fundação Bial (pp. 201-204). Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Parapsychology / Supernatural / Psychotherapy

Novo ficheiro

Novo ficheiro

DocumentIs weaker inhibition associated with supernatural beliefs?2011

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-036
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 8/2008
Title:
036 - Neural Correlates of Sympathetic Magical Belief
Duration: 2009-02 - 2012-02
Researcher(s):
Bruce Hood, Nathalia Gjersoe, Richard Wise
Institution(s): Cardiff University Brain & Repair Imaging Centre (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Book
Online interview with Bruce Hood
Language: eng
Author:
Hood, B.
Secondary author(s):
Gjersoe, N., Wise, R.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Parapsychology and Psychophysiology / Paranormal belief / Brain structure and function

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-036.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 8/2008
Title:
Is weaker inhibition associated with supernatural beliefs?
Publication year: 2011
URL:
http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/brill/jocc/2011/00000011/F0020001/art00011
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Adults identified as believers and sceptics based on self-reports from a supernatural beliefs scale were assessed on two measures of inhibition; the Stroop Color-Word Task and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Both groups were of equal educational status and background. However, believers made significantly more errors than sceptics on all subscales of the WCST but were equivalent in performance on the Stroop measure. This finding is consistent with the idea that supernatural beliefs in adults are related to some types of inhibitory control.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Lindeman, M.
Secondary author(s):
Riekki, T., Hood, B.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
Lindeman, M., Riekki, T., & Hood, B. (2011). Is weaker inhibition associated with supernatural beliefs? Journal of Cognition and Culture, 11(1-2), 231-239. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853711X570038
2-year Impact Factor: N/A
Impact factor notes: Impact factor computed since 2022
Times cited: N/A
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: N/A
Keywords: Inhibition / Stroop / Paranormal / Supernatural / Wisconsin card sorting test

Novo ficheiro

Novo ficheiro

DocumentSupersentido. Porque acreditamos no inacreditável2010

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-036
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 8/2008
Title:
036 - Neural Correlates of Sympathetic Magical Belief
Duration: 2009-02 - 2012-02
Researcher(s):
Bruce Hood, Nathalia Gjersoe, Richard Wise
Institution(s): Cardiff University Brain & Repair Imaging Centre (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Book
Online interview with Bruce Hood
Language: eng
Author:
Hood, B.
Secondary author(s):
Gjersoe, N., Wise, R.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Parapsychology and Psychophysiology / Paranormal belief / Brain structure and function

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-036.04
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 8/2008
Title:
Supersentido. Porque acreditamos no inacreditável
Publication year: 2010
URL:
http://www.skoob.com.br/livro/138042-supersentido
Abstract/Results: BOOK DESCRIPTION:
A maioria da população mundial é religiosa ou acredita em fenômenos sobrenaturais. Nos Estados Unidos, nove em cada dez adultos acredita em Deus, e uma recente pesquisa do instituto Gallup descobriu que cerca de três em cada quatro americanos acreditam em alguma forma de telepatia, déja vu, fantasmas ou vidas passadas. Você cruza os dedos quando torce para que algo dê certo? Bate na madeira para evitar que algo de ruim aconteça? Foge ao ver gatos pretos ou nunca passa debaixo de uma escada para não ter azar? De onde vem este tipo de pensamento sobrenatural? Somos doutrinados por nossos pais, igrejas e mídia, ou estas crenças têm outra origem? Em SuperSentido, o premiado cientista cognitivo Bruce M. Hood revela a ciência por trás das nossas crenças no sobrenatural.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
por
Author:
Hood, B.
Document type:
Book
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
Hood, B. (2010). Supersentido. Porque acreditamos no inacreditável. São Paulo: Editora Novo Conceito.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Supernatural / Paranormal belief / Religious belief

File147 - Metarepresentations of supernatural belief and the effect of context on physiological responses and cognitions2018-022023-07

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-147
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
147 - Metarepresentations of supernatural belief and the effect of context on physiological responses and cognitions
Duration: 2018-02 - 2023-07
Researcher(s):
Malcolm Schofield, Ian Baker, David Sheffield, Paul Staples
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, College of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Derby (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Author: Schofield, M.
Secondary author(s):
Baker, I., Sheffield, D., Staples, P.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Supernatural / Priming / Cognition / Psychophysiology

DocumentFinal report - Cognitive and personality differences in supernatural belief2017

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2014 Grants
Start date: 2015-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-355
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
355 - Cognitive and personality differences in supernatural belief
Duration: 2015-06 - 2017-09
Researcher(s):
Ian Scott Baker, David Sheffield, Malcolm Schofield, Paul Staples
Institution(s): University of Derby, Derby (UK)
Abstract/Results: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Baker, I.
Secondary author(s):
Sheffield, D., Schofield, M., Staples, P.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Supernatural belief / Cognitive Processes / Personality / Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-355.01
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Final report - Cognitive and personality differences in supernatural belief
Publication year: 2017
Abstract/Results:
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND
This project examined if we believe in certain things because we think in a certain way or have certain personality. This required the development of the scale to enable the study of cognition and personality with relation to belief.
AIMS
Examine cognition and personality of people who hold different types of supernatural belief.
METOHD
Four studies were conducted at the University of Derby and via social media. Studies one and two created and validated a new scale. Studies three and four used various measures of cognition and personality to create a new model.
RESULTS
Studies one and two created and validated the Belief in the Supernatural Scale, a 44 item scale with five factors: ‘mental and psychic phenomena’, ‘religious belief’, ‘psychokinesis’, ‘supernatural entities’, and ‘common paranormal perceptions’. Study three revealed two profiles relating to cognition: ‘reflective thinkers’ and ‘intuitive implicit believers’. The final study revealed ‘sensitive and abstract thinkers’ and ‘reflective metacognitive dogmatists’ profiles. Structural Equation Modelling was then used to test different models finding that personality predicted belief, and belief predicted cognition.
CONCLUSION
This project indicated a clear separation of religious and paranormal belief within the new scale, and that spiritual belief overlaps between the two. Also found that ‘sceptics’ and ‘religious believers’ have remarkably similar profiles. The ‘paranormal believers’ did not think critically or analytically. Schizotypy was the main predictor of belief and the relationship between belief and cognition being dependent on the type of belief.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Baker, I.
Secondary author(s):
Sheffield, D., Staples, P., Schofield, M.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
2
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Supernatural / Belief / Cognition / Personality / Paranormal / Religious

Final report - Cognitive and personality differences in supernatural belief

Final report - Cognitive and personality differences in supernatural belief

DocumentThe cognitive and personality differences of supernatural belief2017

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2014 Grants
Start date: 2015-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-355
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
355 - Cognitive and personality differences in supernatural belief
Duration: 2015-06 - 2017-09
Researcher(s):
Ian Scott Baker, David Sheffield, Malcolm Schofield, Paul Staples
Institution(s): University of Derby, Derby (UK)
Abstract/Results: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Baker, I.
Secondary author(s):
Sheffield, D., Schofield, M., Staples, P.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Supernatural belief / Cognitive Processes / Personality / Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-355.04
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
The cognitive and personality differences of supernatural belief
Publication year: 2017
URL:
http://hdl.handle.net/10545/622047
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
This thesis set out to meet the following aim and objectives: Aim: Examine cognition and personality of people who hold different types of supernatural belief. Objective 1: Create and validate a new scale to measure supernatural belief. Objective 2: Create and test a new model of supernatural belief based on cognition and personality. This would potentially test two hypotheses: the Cognitive Deficits Hypothesis and the Psychodynamics Functions Hypothesis. This was accomplished by conducting four studies. Studies one and two created and validated the new Belief in the Supernatural Scale (BitSS), a 44 item scale with the following five factors: ‘mental and psychic phenomena’, ‘religious belief’, ‘psychokinesis’, ‘supernatural entities’, and ‘common paranormal perceptions’. Cognition and personality would be looked at within the context of four different types of believer: ‘believers’, ‘paranormal believers’, ‘sceptics’ and ‘religious believers’. Study three revealed two profiles relating to cognition: ‘reflective thinkers’ and ‘intuitive believers’. The reflective profile was more likely to contain ‘sceptics’ and ‘believers’, and least likely to contain ‘paranormal believers’. The intuitive group was more likely to contain ‘religious believers’ and ‘believers’. The final study looked at personality alongside cognition and revealed ‘sensitive and abstract thinkers’ and ‘reflective metacognitive dogmatists’ profiles. The ‘sensitive and abstract thinkers’ were least likely to contain ‘sceptics’ and ‘religious believers’ and most likely to contain ‘believers’ and ‘paranormal believers’. The ‘reflective metacognitive dogmatists’ were most likely to contain ‘religious believers’ and ‘believers’ and least likely to contain ‘paranormal believers’. Following this analysis, Structural Equation Modelling was used to test seven different models of personality, cognition and belief. Studies one and two indicated a clear separation of religious and paranormal belief within the new scale, and that spiritual belief overlaps between the two. The scale developed was reliable and valid, and accurately reflected the concept of supernatural belief and enabled the measurement of religious and paranormal belief, where the overlaps were acknowledged whilst still being separate beliefs. Studies three and four found the ‘sceptics’ and ‘religious believers’ have remarkably similar profiles, indicating that the religious beliefs themselves may have been cognitively ring-fenced off in some way. The ‘paranormal believers’ however were not reflective thinkers and were not metacognitively active, indicating that they were not aware that they were not thinking critically or analytically. The Structural Equation Model showed that schizotypy was the main predictor of belief. The relationship between belief and cognition was more complex; it was dependent on what type of belief was active. Paranormal belief required a more intuitive thinking style to be present, whereas religious belief could withstand a reflective mind set. This thesis develops a new scale that measures supernatural belief provides a unique contribution to knowledge by establishing a model of cognition, personality and belief.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Schofield, M. B.
Document type:
Doctoral thesis
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Schofield, M. B. (2017) 'The cognitive and personality differences of supernatural belief (Doctoral thesis, University of Derby, the United Kingdom). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10545/622047
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Supernatural / Paranormal / Spiritual / Belief / Personality / Cognition

DocumentFinal report - Metarepresentations of supernatural belief and the effect of context on physiological responses and cognitions2023

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-147
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
147 - Metarepresentations of supernatural belief and the effect of context on physiological responses and cognitions
Duration: 2018-02 - 2023-07
Researcher(s):
Malcolm Schofield, Ian Baker, David Sheffield, Paul Staples
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, College of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Derby (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Author: Schofield, M.
Secondary author(s):
Baker, I., Sheffield, D., Staples, P.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Supernatural / Priming / Cognition / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-147.01
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Final report - Metarepresentations of supernatural belief and the effect of context on physiological responses and cognitions
Publication year: 2023
Abstract/Results:
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND
This project will build on the model of supernatural belief, cognition and personality proposed by Schofield et al. (2021) by introducing physiological measures. Implicit belief and context will be manipulated to further study the belief and cognition interaction. The interplay between cognitive processes and implicit belief may manifest itself as a physiological response in the form of somatic markers, i.e. changes in the autonomic nervous system.
AIMS
Examine implicit belief and its effect on explicit belief by examining the evidence for implicit belief using context and physiological
METHOD
Study one recruited 172 participants and used three religious, paranormal and neutral contexts as primes. Implicit association was measured using a modified Brief Implicit Association Test that looked at paranormal and religious belief. This and the subsequent study also measured explicit supernatural belief, cognitive reflection, unhelpful metacognitions, and confidence. Study two recruited 44 participants and showed them cognitively complex and cognitively simple tasks while taking physiological measures of heart rate, blood pressure and skin conductance.
RESULTS
For study one, a hierarchical multiple regression revealed that a lower belief in the supernatural (apart from psychokinesis), a religious prime and high confidence predicts reflective thinking. Common paranormal perceptions, religious prime and confidence were significant predictors in the model. For study two, a Path Analysis found that the change in skin conductance between cognitively complex and cognitively simple tasks was positively predicted by belief in mental and psychic phenomena, psychokinesis, and common paranormal perceptions. Belief in psychokinesis was also negatively predicted by lack of cognitive confidence and positively predicted by negative beliefs about uncontrollability and danger. Belief in supernatural entities is positively predicted by the need to control thoughts. Study two findings are preliminary, and more data is to be collected.
CONCLUSIONS
Study one suggests that the religious prime influenced participants to be more analytical. Furthermore, study two indicates that skin conductance is a biomarker for analytical tasks in paranormal believers, which is not present in religious believers. This points to stress and threat response's role in a belief polarisation paradigm and an implicit role for belief.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Schofield, M. B.
Secondary author(s):
Sheffield, D, Baker, I.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Schofield, M. B., Sheffield, D., & Baker, I. (2023). Final report - Metarepresentations of supernatural belief and the effect of context on physiological responses and cognitions.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Supernatural / Cognition / Priming / Psychophysiology / Somatic markers hypothesis

Final report - Metarepresentations of supernatural belief and the effect of context on physiological responses and cognitions

Final report - Metarepresentations of supernatural belief and the effect of context on physiological responses and cognitions