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DocumentResponse time fluctuations in the sustained attention to response task predict performance accuracy and meta-awareness of attentional states2023

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012
Location: SEC PCA
Title:
2012 Grants
Start date: 2013-02

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-198
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2012
Title:
198 - Enhancing hypnotic suggestibility with transcranial direct current stimulation
Duration: 2014-03 - 2015-02
Researcher(s):
Devin Blair Terhune
Institution(s): The Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of the University of Oxford, Experimental Psychology (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Language: eng
Author:
Terhune, D. B.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Psychophysiology and Parapsychology / Brain structure and function / Altered states of consciousness / Hypnosis / Pain / Cognitive processes / Attention / Perception

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2012-198.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2012
Title:
Response time fluctuations in the sustained attention to response task predict performance accuracy and meta-awareness of attentional states
Publication year: 2023
URL:
http://research.gold.ac.uk/28557/1/Polychroni_PCASART.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Previous research suggests that response time (RT) patterns in the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) differentially predict different features of mind wandering but it is unknown how they relate to meta-awareness of attentional states. We applied principal component analysis to blocks of non-target (go) trials prior to target (no-go) trials and attentional state and meta-awareness probes in the SART and identified three distinct patterns that replicated those observed in previous research. A stable response rate was associated with superior target performance, whereas RT acceleration prior to targets was associated
with poorer target performance. Self-reported attentional state was not significantly predicted by any of the pattern components. By contrast, meta-awareness was independently associated with two distinct RT fluctuation patterns with evidence that each pattern was specifically related to either meta-awareness of off-task or on-task states. These results suggest that mind wandering and meta-awareness of attentional states have distinct and overlapping imprints on RT patterns in the SART. We conclude by highlighting implications of these results for introspective methods and the measurement of mind wandering.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Polychroni, N.
Secondary author(s):
Hedman, L., Terhune, D.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
Polychroni, N., Hedman, L. R. A., & Terhune, D. B. (2023). Response time fluctuations in the sustained attention to response task predict performance accuracy and meta-awareness of attentional states. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice, 10(4), 381-393. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000248
2-year Impact Factor: 1.4|2023
Times cited: 2|2025-02-18
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q4
Keywords: Attentional lapses / Meta-awareness / Mind wandering / Sustained attention
DocumentSpontaneous entry into an “offline” state during wakefulness: A mechanism of memory consolidation?2020

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-211
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
211 - Waking conscious states and offline memory processing
Duration: 2017-08 - 2020-09
Researcher(s):
Erin Wamsley, Theodore Summer
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, Furman University, Greenville (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Progress report
Final report
Author: Wamsley, E. J.
Secondary author(s):
Summer, T.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Consciousness / Conscious States / Attention / Electroencephalography / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-211.02
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Spontaneous entry into an “offline” state during wakefulness: A mechanism of memory consolidation?
Publication year: 2020
URL:
https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/jocn_a_01587
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Moments of inattention to our surroundings may be essential to optimal cognitive functioning. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that humans spontaneously switch between two opposing attentional states during wakefulness—one in which we attend to the external environment (an “online” state) and one in which we disengage from the sensory environment to focus our attention internally (an “offline” state). We created a data-driven model of this proposed alternation between “online” and “offline” attentional states in human subjects, on a seconds-level timescale. Participants (n = 34) completed a sustained attention to response task while undergoing simultaneous high-density EEG and pupillometry recording and intermittently reporting on their subjective experience. “Online” and “offline” attentional states were initially defined using a cluster analysis applied tomultimodal measures of (1) EEG spectral power, (2) pupil diameter, (3) RT, and (4) self-reported subjective experience. We then developed a classifier that labeled trials as belonging to the online or offline cluster with >95% accuracy, without requiring subjective experience data. This allowed us to classify all 5-sec trials in this manner, despite the fact that subjective experience was probed on only a small minority of trials. We report evidence of statistically discriminable “online” and “offline” states matching the hypothesized characteristics. Furthermore, the offline state strongly predicted memory retention for one of two verbal learning tasks encoded immediately prior. Together, these observations suggest that seconds-timescale alternation between online and offline states is a fundamental feature of wakefulness and that this may serve a memory processing function.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Wamsley, E. J.
Secondary author(s):
Summer, T.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Wamsley, E. J., & Summer, T. (2020). Spontaneous entry into an “Offline” state during wakefulness: A mechanism of memory consolidation? Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 32(9), 1714-1734. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01587
2-year Impact Factor: 3.225|2020
Times cited: 17|2025-02-14
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q2
Keywords: Sustained attention / Inattention / Memory retention / Wakefulness / EEG spectral power / Pupil diameter

Spontaneous entry into an “offline” state during wakefulness: A mechanism of memory

Spontaneous entry into an “offline” state during wakefulness: A mechanism of memory
DocumentGoing offline: Spontaneous alternation between “online” and “offline” waking states2018

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-211
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
211 - Waking conscious states and offline memory processing
Duration: 2017-08 - 2020-09
Researcher(s):
Erin Wamsley, Theodore Summer
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, Furman University, Greenville (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Progress report
Final report
Author: Wamsley, E. J.
Secondary author(s):
Summer, T.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Consciousness / Conscious States / Attention / Electroencephalography / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-211.04
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Going offline: Spontaneous alternation between “online” and “offline” waking states
Publication year: 2018
URL:
https://www.abstractsonline.com/pp8/#!/4649/presentation/31013
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Rest is often considered a waste of time. Yet new evidence suggests that this is far from the case - “offline” periods may serve a critical role in memory consolidation. Indeed, 15min of eyes-closed rest following learning significantly boosts memory for up to one week. Could even briefer periods of rest during the day also support consolidation? Evidence from animal models and human studies of mindwandering suggests that we spontaneously switch between two opposing attentional states - one in which we attend to the external world (“online”) and one in which we disengage from the sensory world to focus our attention internally (“offline”). We aimed to create a data-driven model of alternation between “online” and “offline” attentional states in human subjects. N=37 participants encoded a verbal learning task prior to a 30min retention interval in which they completed a sustained attention to response task (SART) with high density EEG and pupillometry recording. Of 324 5sec trials, 24 were “probe trials” in which participants indicated current focus of their subjective experience. An EM cluster analysis was applied to all probe trials to define attentional states in a data-driven manner using EEG spectral power, along with reaction time (RT) to SART stimuli, pupil diameter, and subjective experience data. Subsequent to clustering, developed a naive Bayes algorithm that categorized trials as either “online” or “offline” with over 95% accuracy, without utilizing subjective experience probes. This classifier was then applied to label all 324 trials as either “online” or “offline”. Optimal cluster separation was obtained with 2 states. In line with our hypotheses, participants spent an average of 57% of the retention interval in an “online” state characterized by fast RT, attention to the SART, and low alpha, and 43% of the interval in an “offline” state characterized by slow RT, daydreaming, and high alpha. Pupil size did not differ between “online” and “offline” states, but did vary according to participants’ subjective assessment of their attentional focus. There was a trend for time spent offline to predict subsequent memory for one of two tasks examined (r=0.31, p=0.1). These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that seconds-timescale alternation between online and offline states is a fundamental feature of wakefulness. The machine-learning methods employed here may prove useful for future research describing the microstructure and function of offline waking states. The trend association between offline time and memory retention warrants further research exploring a potential memory function of brief periods of spontaneous offline time.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Summer, T.
Secondary author(s):
Wamsley E. J.
Document type:
Online abstract
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Summer, T., & Wamsley E. J. (2018). Going offline: Spontaneous alternation between “online” and “offline” waking states. Program No. 087.06. 2018 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, 2018. Online.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Sustained attention / Memory consolidation / Offline memory processing / Machine learning
File427 - F.O.C.U.S: The role of front-orbito-cerebellar unity in sustained motivation

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2024
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2024 Grants
Start date: 2025-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2024-427
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
427 - F.O.C.U.S: The role of front-orbito-cerebellar unity in sustained motivation
Researcher(s): João Peça, Joana Guedes, Tiago Reis, Emanuel Ferreira Fernandes, Renato Duarte, Ana Luísa Cardoso
Institution(s): Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology - CNC, University of Coimbra (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Language: eng
Notes:
This project has not started yet
Author: Peça, J.
Secondary author(s):
Guedes, J., Reis, T., Fernandes, E. F., Duarte, R., Cardoso, A. L.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Sustained attention / Motivation / Cerebellar-Midbrain-Prefrontal circuits / Fiber photometry / Psychophysiology