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DE:"Visual masking"
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DocumentPerceptual discrimination of basic object features is not facilitated when priming stimuli are prevented from reaching awareness by means of visual masking2018

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-152
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
152 - The role of the lateral occipital area in the visual processing of object size, shape, and orientation within and outside conscious awareness
Duration: 2017-03 - 2019-09
Researcher(s):
Philippe Chouinard, Irene Sperandio, Robin Laycock
Institution(s): La Trobe University, Melbourne (Australia); School of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Author: Chouinard, P.
Secondary author(s):
Sperandio, I., Laycok, R.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Lateral occiptal area (LO) / Continuous Flash Superssion (CFS) / Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) / Object features / Psychophysiology

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-152.03
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Perceptual discrimination of basic object features is not facilitated when priming stimuli are prevented from reaching awareness by means of visual masking
Publication year: 2018
URL:
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnint.2018.00013/full
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Our understanding of how form, orientation and size are processed within and outside of awareness is limited and requires further investigation. Therefore, we investigated whether or not the visual discrimination of basic object features can be influenced by subliminal processing of stimuli presented beforehand. Visual masking was used to render stimuli perceptually invisible. Three experiments examined if visible and invisible primes could facilitate the subsequent feature discrimination of visible targets. The experiments differed in the kind of perceptual discrimination that participants had to make. Namely, participants were asked to discriminate visual stimuli on the basis of their form, orientation, or size. In all three experiments, we demonstrated reliable priming effects when the primes were visible but not when the primes were made invisible. Our findings underscore the importance of conscious awareness in facilitating the perceptual discrimination of basic object features.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Peel, H. J.
Secondary author(s):
Sperandio, I., Laycok, R., Chouinard, P.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Percentiles:
16.63|0.21
Reference:
Peel, H. J., Sperandio, I., Laycok, R., & Chouinard, P. (2018). Perceptual discrimination of basic object features is not facilitated when priming stimuli are prevented from reaching awareness by means of visual masking. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 2: 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2018.00013
Impact Factor: 2.810|2018
Times cited: 5|2026-02-11
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q2
Keywords: Vision / Form discrimination / Orientation discrimination / Size discrimination / Visual masking / Priming

<!-- mm occ=1 guid=[30752a5972172921165d8bc773e0f91d] WebBehavior$=[0] -->

Perceptual discrimination of basic object features is not facilitated when priming stimuli are prevented from reaching awareness by means of visual masking

Perceptual discrimination of basic object features is not facilitated when priming stimuli are prevented from reaching awareness by means of visual masking
DocumentConscious awareness is required for the perceptual discrimination of threatening animal stimuli: A visual masking and continuous flash suppression study2018

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-152
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
152 - The role of the lateral occipital area in the visual processing of object size, shape, and orientation within and outside conscious awareness
Duration: 2017-03 - 2019-09
Researcher(s):
Philippe Chouinard, Irene Sperandio, Robin Laycock
Institution(s): La Trobe University, Melbourne (Australia); School of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Author: Chouinard, P.
Secondary author(s):
Sperandio, I., Laycok, R.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Lateral occiptal area (LO) / Continuous Flash Superssion (CFS) / Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) / Object features / Psychophysiology

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-152.04
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Conscious awareness is required for the perceptual discrimination of threatening animal stimuli: A visual masking and continuous flash suppression study
Publication year: 2018
URL:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810018301934
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
We investigated if the subliminal processing of threatening animal (snakes and spiders) and neutral object (cars and houses) stimuli can influence the discrimination of a subsequent visible stimulus. The prime and target pair were either identical, of the same category but with different physical features, or different in category and physical features. In two experiments, participants discriminated the basic level category (e.g. snake vs. spider) of a visible target stimulus that had been preceded by a visible or perceptually invisible prime stimulus. One experiment used visual masking to render prime stimuli perceptually invisible and the other used continuous flash suppression (CFS). Priming effects were demonstrated in both experiments when the prime was visible but not when the prime was rendered perceptually invisible. These findings demonstrate that conscious awareness could be required in the perceptual discrimination of threatening animal and neutral object images at their specific basic level category.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Cox, E. J.
Secondary author(s):
Sperandio, I., Laycock, R., Chouinard, P. A.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Percentiles:
33.02|0.37
Reference:
Cox, E. J., Sperandio, I., Laycock, R., & Chouinard, P. A. (2018). Conscious awareness is required for the perceptual discrimination of threatening animal stimuli: A visual masking and continuous flash suppression study. Consciousness and Cognition, 65, 280-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2018.09.008
Impact Factor: 1.855|2018
Times cited: 9|2026-02-11
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q3
Keywords: Conscious awareness / Continuous flash suppression (CFS) / Priming / Threat stimuli / Visual masking

<!-- mm occ=1 guid=[7aced912b28ba56eae76bc8c98aaa6fe] WebBehavior$=[3] -->
DocumentThe processing of images of spiders and snakes outside of conscious awareness under visual masking2018

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-152
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
152 - The role of the lateral occipital area in the visual processing of object size, shape, and orientation within and outside conscious awareness
Duration: 2017-03 - 2019-09
Researcher(s):
Philippe Chouinard, Irene Sperandio, Robin Laycock
Institution(s): La Trobe University, Melbourne (Australia); School of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Author: Chouinard, P.
Secondary author(s):
Sperandio, I., Laycok, R.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Lateral occiptal area (LO) / Continuous Flash Superssion (CFS) / Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) / Object features / Psychophysiology

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-152.06
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
The processing of images of spiders and snakes outside of conscious awareness under visual masking
Publication year: 2018
URL:
https://acnsconference.files.wordpress.com/2019/02/acns-2018-proceedings-with-isbn.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
The brain is constantly surveying and selecting relevant visual stimuli to attend to. However, it has been suggested that stimuli with emotional salience (e.g., images of spiders and snakes) can bypass this processing and be processed outside of conscious awareness. To explore this possibility, two experiments were completed in which participants were presented with images of spiders and mushrooms (Experiment 1; N = 35), or snakes and flowers (Experiment 2; N = 35). These images were presented under visible (i.e., the participant was able to perceptually see the images) or invisible (i.e., a visual-masking technique was used to render the images perceptually invisible) conditions. Each experiment had two tasks. In the recognition task, the participant’s Galvanic skin response (GSR) was recorded when viewing visible and invisible stimuli. In the priming task, the participant’s reaction time was measured to a visible target stimulus preceded by either a visible or invisible prime stimulus that was either congruent or incongruent. There were no differences in GSR between conditions in the recognition task for either experiment. In the priming task, there were significant Visibility × Congruency interactions in the spider, F(1,32) = 9.47, p = .004, and snake, F(1,33) = 17.46, p < .001, experiments. Pairwise comparisons, correcting for multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni method, revealed that priming occurred in both visibility conditions with stronger effects for the visible (Experiment 1 Cohen’s d = 1.22; Experiment 2 Cohen’s d = 1.25) compared to invisible (Experiment 1 Cohen’s d = 0.59; Experiment 2 Cohen’s d = 0.53) conditions. Results from the recognition task suggest that there is no difference in the physiological response to the processing of different stimuli. However, in the priming task, results suggest that the invisible stimuli were processed outside of conscious awareness. This suggests that conscious awareness may enhance but is not always required to process certain visual stimuli.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Bicknell, R.
Secondary author(s):
Cox, E. J., Laycock, R., Chouinard, P. A.
Document type:
Abstract book
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Bicknell, R., Cox, E. J., Laycock, R., & Chouinard, P. A. (November 2018). The processing of images of spiders and snakes outside of conscious awareness under visual masking. Abstract Book of the 8th Annual Meeting of the Australasian Cognitive Neuroscience Society (p. 39). The University Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Conscious awareness / Continuous flash suppression (CFS) / Priming / Threat stimuli / Visual masking

<!-- mm occ=1 guid=[1380011cf09af07d60029ca58c8db660] WebBehavior$=[0] -->

The processing of images of spiders and snakes outside of conscious awareness under visual masking

The processing of images of spiders and snakes outside of conscious awareness under visual masking
DocumentSubliminal visual processing of aversive stimuli during visual masking and continuous flash suppression2017

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-152
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
152 - The role of the lateral occipital area in the visual processing of object size, shape, and orientation within and outside conscious awareness
Duration: 2017-03 - 2019-09
Researcher(s):
Philippe Chouinard, Irene Sperandio, Robin Laycock
Institution(s): La Trobe University, Melbourne (Australia); School of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Author: Chouinard, P.
Secondary author(s):
Sperandio, I., Laycok, R.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Lateral occiptal area (LO) / Continuous Flash Superssion (CFS) / Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) / Object features / Psychophysiology

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-152.08
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Subliminal visual processing of aversive stimuli during visual masking and continuous flash suppression
Publication year: 2017
URL:
https://www.acns.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/2017ACNSConferenceProceedings_withISBN.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
There is some evidence for the unconscious processing of emotional stimuli (particularly aversive), which is thought to serve an adaptive purpose. However, results in the research literature have been inconsistent. This psychophysical study examined the subconscious processing of aversive (snakes and spiders) and neutral (cars and houses) images using a priming paradigm. Two experiments were
conducted in which the awareness of a priming stimulus was suppressed in half of the trials using either visual masking (Expt 1; N =16) or continuous flash suppression (Expt 2; N =16). Participants
were tasked with discriminating the proceeding target stimulus using a 2-alternative forced choice method. Reaction times (RTs) to this stimulus were recorded.
Expt 1: ANOVA demonstrated a three-way interaction for Valence
(Aversive vs Neutral), Visibility (Visible vs Masked), and Priming Condition [Different Class (e.g. snake followed by spider) vs Different Exemplars (e.g. snake followed by different snake) vs Same Exemplar (e.g. same snake repeated)] (F(2,30) = 9.66, p < .001). This result was driven by faster RTs for Same Exemplar pairs in comparison to Different Class and Different Exemplar pairs, but only in the Visible condition. Aversive stimuli were found to have slower reaction times than Neutral stimuli but only in the Visible, Different Class condition.
Expt 2: ANOVA demonstrated a two-way interaction between Visibility and Priming Condition (F(2,30) = 19.88, p < .001). Similar to Expt 1, faster RTs were found for Same Exemplar pairs in comparison to Different Class and Different Exemplar pairs in the Visible condition. This priming effect was not found in the Masked condition. There were no interactions or main effects of Valence.
Given we have been unable to demonstrate evidence of priming in both the visual masking and CFS experiments, we conclude that the visual processing of aversive and neutral images is greatly facilitated by awareness.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Cox, E. J.
Secondary author(s):
Sperandio, I., Laycock, R., Chouinard, P.
Document type:
Abstract book
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Cox, E. J., Sperandio, I., Laycock, R., & Chouinard, P. (November 2017). Subliminal visual processing of aversive stimuli during visual masking and continuous flash suppression. Abstract Book of the 7th Annual Meeting of the Australasian Cognitive Neuroscience Society (p. 36). The University Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Subliminal visual / Visual masking / Continuous flash suppression (CFS)

<!-- mm occ=1 guid=[14a0cd28dc611bb59196f62ab8bf9625] WebBehavior$=[0] -->

Subliminal visual processing of aversive stimuli during visual masking and continuous flash suppression

Subliminal visual processing of aversive stimuli during visual masking and continuous flash suppression
DocumentThe effects of word identity, case, and SOA on word priming in a subliminal context2021

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

<!-- vis-dbg web=[web] Visitor=[2] base=[fbial] -->
Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

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Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

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Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-152
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
152 - The role of the lateral occipital area in the visual processing of object size, shape, and orientation within and outside conscious awareness
Duration: 2017-03 - 2019-09
Researcher(s):
Philippe Chouinard, Irene Sperandio, Robin Laycock
Institution(s): La Trobe University, Melbourne (Australia); School of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Author: Chouinard, P.
Secondary author(s):
Sperandio, I., Laycok, R.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Lateral occiptal area (LO) / Continuous Flash Superssion (CFS) / Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) / Object features / Psychophysiology

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Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-152.09
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
The effects of word identity, case, and SOA on word priming in a subliminal context
Publication year: 2021
URL:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10936-021-09783-2#citeas
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
It is widely assumed that subliminal word priming is case insensitive and that a short SOA (<?100 ms) is required to observe any effects. Here we attempted to replicate results from an influential study with the inclusion of a longer SOA to re-examine these assumptions. Participants performed a semantic categorisation task on visible word targets that were preceded either 64 or 192 ms by a subliminal prime. The prime and target were either the same or different word and could appear in the same or different case. We confirmed the presence of subliminal word priming (same word?<?different word reaction times). The word priming effect did not differ when case was the same or different, which supports case insensitive word priming. However, there was a general facilitation effect driven by case (same case?<?different case). Finally, there was a significant difference between the two SOA conditions; however, there were no interactions between SOA and any other factor, demonstrating that subliminal priming did not differ between short and long SOAs. The results demonstrate that word priming is case insensitive but that there is nevertheless an overall facilitation when words, regardless if they are repeated or not, are presented in the same case. This facilitation in case may reflect modularity in the low-level processing of the visual characteristics of words.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Peel, H. J.
Secondary author(s):
Royals, K. A., Chouinard, P. A.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Percentiles:
57.84|0.51
Reference:
Peel, H. J., Royals, K. A., & Chouinard, P. A. (2021). The effects of word identity, case, and SOA on word priming in a subliminal context. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 51(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10936-021-09783-2
Impact Factor: 1.315|2021
Times cited: 5|2026-02-13
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q2
Keywords: Subliminal priming / Visual masking / Word perception

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