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DocumentDiagnostic inference: No cure for correspondence bias2017

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2014 Grants
Start date: 2015-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-085
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
085 - The Clinical Gut: Examining the cognitive processes and neural underpinnings of judgments, feelings of rightness and its impact on information seeking
Duration: 2015-05 - 2021-02
Researcher(s):
Ana Sofia Bilreiro Jacinto Braga, Anne Krendl, Cara Charissa Lewis, Cilia Witteman, Elizabeth Collins, João Braga
Institution(s): Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Social (CIS-IUL), ISCTE - Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (Portugal); Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences - Indiana University Bloomington (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Author: Jacinto, S.
Secondary author(s):
Krendl, A., Lewis, C., Wittmann, C., Ferreira, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Feelings of Rightness / Information Seeking / Clinical Judgment / Hypotheses Testing / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-085.07
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Diagnostic inference: No cure for correspondence bias
Publication year: 2017
URL:
http://www.uib.no/sites/w3.uib.no/files/attachments/program_cdm-workshop.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Mental health practitioners should categorize behaviors representative of a mental health disorder as situational symptoms and not as dispositional traits (DSM-5). However, people tend to show a correspondence bias, to draw dispositional inferences from behavior, while neglecting alternative contextual explanations (Gilbert & Malone, 1995). But are able to discount (insufficiently) the role of the implied trait in the production of the behavior when a condition present in the situation could clearly induce the behavior by itself (Gilbert 2002). This correction process has been shown only with situational conditions that by themselves
would never bring to mind the inferred trait. However, psychotherapy contexts may posit the case where a situational condition such as a disorder diagnosis may not only afford a competing causal account of the behavior (situational symptom), but may also activate the implied trait. This case has never been contemplated.
Three studies were conducted to explore this question. We presented trait-implicative paragraphs that also matched a disorder diagnosis (e.g., lazy – depression), and manipulated the behavior account (neutral, physical impairment, disorder diagnosis). Main
dependent measures were participants’ trait ratings of the implicated traits (complemented by ratings of behavioral perceived stability, control and attribution). Studies 1 and 2 show that the disorder diagnosis lead to almost no trait discount. The first two studies may be accounting by the lack of knowledge from our participants about the nature of mental disorders. Study 3 replicates this finding with clinical psychologists suggesting that expertise does not decrease the correspondence inference. Together these studies suggest that, contrary to the spirit of the DSM-5, mental health disorders are not perceived as alternative behavior explanations. When a situational explanation may also activate the trait, people neglect its explanatory role for the behavior and make correspondence inferences. Further research should explore the causal links underlying this confound.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Jacinto, S.
Document type:
Abstract book
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Jacinto, S. (2017). Diagnostic inference: No cure for correspondence bias. Abstract book of the 11th European Workshop on Clinical Reasoning and Decision Making - Intuitive feelings in diagnostic reasoning and decision making (p. 23). Bergen, Norway.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Therapist / Intuitive judgement / Psychotherapy

Diagnostic inference: No cure for correspondence bias

Diagnostic inference: No cure for correspondence bias