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File036 - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition2001-012002-08

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 13/2000
Title:
2000 Grants
Start date: 2001-01 - 2014-02
Dimension/support:
13 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
036 - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition
Duration: 2001-01 - 2002-08
Researcher(s):
Edwin May, Zoltán Vassy
Institution(s): Laboratories for Fundamental Research, Palo Alto (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report (2 copies)
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
May, E.
Secondary author(s):
Vassy, Z.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Telepathy / Presentiment / Precognition
DocumentFinal report - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition2002

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 13/2000
Title:
2000 Grants
Start date: 2001-01 - 2014-02
Dimension/support:
13 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
036 - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition
Duration: 2001-01 - 2002-08
Researcher(s):
Edwin May, Zoltán Vassy
Institution(s): Laboratories for Fundamental Research, Palo Alto (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report (2 copies)
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
May, E.
Secondary author(s):
Vassy, Z.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Telepathy / Presentiment / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036.01
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
Final report - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition
Publication year: 2002
URL:
http://www.bial.com/fotos/gca/1081786601bolsa3600.pdf
Abstract/Results: RESULTS:
Our dependent variable was the proportion of non-specific skin conductance responses (ns-SCR) that occurred before a stimulus compared to the proportion that occurred before controls.
Using electro stimulation, we found a significant increase of proportional ns-SCRs prior to shocks (N=50, Z = 3.6, ES = 0.174 0.048, p = 1.6 10 –4). Similarly, we found a significant effect for audio stimulation (N = 125, Z = 3.27, ES = 0.0901 0.0275, p = 5.4 10 –4). With both stimulus types, however, retesting individuals failed to produced significant effects (N = 80, Z = –0.150 ES = -0.0010 0.025, p = 0.556: N = 27, Z = 0.531, ES = 0.070, p = 0.298, respectively, for electro and audio stimulation).
We have discovered a major flaw in the previous reported success with prestimulus response that used ensemble averaging in the epoch analysis to demonstrate an effect. We found that such results are driven by the fortuitous distribution of especially large outliers in the prestimulus regions. Therefore, prestimulus response appears to manifest as skin conductance responses in the prestimulus region and not as a general skin conductance level shift. Alternatively, in the parlance of skin conductance research, prestimulus response appears as a phasic rather and a tonic effect.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
May, E.
Secondary author(s):
Vassy, Z., Spottiswoode, J.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
2
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Parapsychology / Psychophysiology / Precognition

Relatório final - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition

Relatório final - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition

DocumentA study of telepathy by classical conditioning2004

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 13/2000
Title:
2000 Grants
Start date: 2001-01 - 2014-02
Dimension/support:
13 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
036 - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition
Duration: 2001-01 - 2002-08
Researcher(s):
Edwin May, Zoltán Vassy
Institution(s): Laboratories for Fundamental Research, Palo Alto (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report (2 copies)
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
May, E.
Secondary author(s):
Vassy, Z.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Telepathy / Presentiment / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
A study of telepathy by classical conditioning
Publication year: 2004
URL:
http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/19330163/study-telepathy-by-classical-conditioning
Contents: http://apps.webofknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=UA&search_mode=GeneralSearch&qid=98&SID=Z1T1li1SW9lnlKPlMpq&page=1&doc=1
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
An experiment was conducted for detecting telepathy by classical conditioning. The unconditioned stimulus was a mild electric shock, the conditioned stimulus was a telepathic message, and the conditioned and unconditioned responses were the sudden rise of skin conductance. The first experiment consisted of 50 sessions of about 10 shocks each. The measured data showed a significant excess response rate (p <.01) in the time regions where the conditioned responses were expected. Telepathic reaction times were estimated and compared with reaction times to auditory stimuli. In the second experiment, a comparison was made with a situation in which there was no sender, that is, where nonchance responses could be attributed to precognition instead of telepathy. There were significantly more responses (p <.05) in the telepathic mode than in the precognitive mode, so the telepathic interpretation seems more likely. The third experiment was an attempted replication of the first experiment, again with 50 sessions. The replication was not successful, since no excess responses were found in the expected time regions. There was a tendency of intrasubject decline, which makes doubtful that the outcome of Experiment 1 can be attributed to classical conditioning.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Vassy, Z.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Vassy, Z. (2004). A study of telepathy by classical conditioning. Journal of Parapsychology, 68(2), 323-350.
2-year Impact Factor: 0.419|2004
Times cited: 0|2024-02-06
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q4
Keywords: Telepathy / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Classical conditioning / Conditioned response / Reaction time / Parapsychology
DocumentPrestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition2002

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 13/2000
Title:
2000 Grants
Start date: 2001-01 - 2014-02
Dimension/support:
13 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
036 - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition
Duration: 2001-01 - 2002-08
Researcher(s):
Edwin May, Zoltán Vassy
Institution(s): Laboratories for Fundamental Research, Palo Alto (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report (2 copies)
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
May, E.
Secondary author(s):
Vassy, Z.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Telepathy / Presentiment / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036.04
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition
Publication year: 2002
URL:
http://www.bial.com/pt/fundacao_bial.11/simposios.19/edicoes_anteriores.75/4%C2%BA_simposio.a110.html
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
May, E.
Secondary author(s):
Vassy, Z.
Document type:
Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
May, E., & Vassy, Z. (2002). Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 4th Symposium of Fundação Bial (p. 444). Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Parapsychology / Precognition / Psychophysiology

Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition

Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition
DocumentPrestimulus response with and without a sender: Physiological evidence for precognition2004

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 13/2000
Title:
2000 Grants
Start date: 2001-01 - 2014-02
Dimension/support:
13 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
036 - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition
Duration: 2001-01 - 2002-08
Researcher(s):
Edwin May, Zoltán Vassy
Institution(s): Laboratories for Fundamental Research, Palo Alto (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report (2 copies)
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
May, E.
Secondary author(s):
Vassy, Z.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Telepathy / Presentiment / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036.05
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
Prestimulus response with and without a sender: Physiological evidence for precognition
Publication year: 2004
URL:
http://www.bial.com/pt/fundacao_bial.11/simposios.19/edicoes_anteriores.75/5%C2%BA_simposio.a111.html
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
In the 1960’s, Zoltán Vssay measured skin conductance and used classical conditioning techniques to demonstrate that subjects produce a conditioned response to a telepathic conditioning stimulus in advance
of, but associated with, an unconditioned electroshock stimulus. Given the more recent significant results of the presentiment experiments which did not use a telepathic component, Vassy’s conditioning interpretation may be incorrect. That is, subjects may be responding in advance of startle or photographic stimuli instead. We tested the necessity of a sender in two ways. In the first, in our skin conductance experiment, we replaced the complex visual stimuli used in the presentiment experiments with startle acoustic stimuli with no sender. Using simple counting statistics, we found a highly significant effect, which we now call prestimulus response, (N = 1000 stimuli, Z = 5.08, ES = 0.161 ± 0.032, p = 1.8 _ 10-7); thus, a sender is not a necessary condition to observe significant prestimulus responses. In the second approach, we replicated Vassy’s earlier experiment with electroshock stimuli with senders, but with more modern equipment. In the direct replication attempt, Vassy also observed significant evidence for a conditioned response to a telepathic conditioning stimulus (N = 50 subjects, p = 0.05 to 0.01 depending upon detection
threshold). Yet a later series in which subjects were blind to whether a sender was present or not did not produced significant results in either condition. In a post hoc analysis, however, Vassy showed that subjects’
reaction times to physical stimuli correlated significantly with their reaction times to putative telepathic stimuli. This result supports that idea that a sender may be a participant in such studies but our results with acoustic stimuli indicate a sender is not necessary for success.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
May, E.
Secondary author(s):
Vassy, Z.
Document type:
Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
May, E., & Vassy, Z. (2004). Prestimulus response with and without a sender: Physiological evidence for precognition. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of Fundação Bial (p. 303). Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Parapsychology / Precognition / Psychophysiology

Prestimulus response with and without a sender: Physiological evidence for precognition

Prestimulus response with and without a sender: Physiological evidence for precognition
DocumentChallenges for healing and intentionality research: Causation and information2003

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 13/2000
Title:
2000 Grants
Start date: 2001-01 - 2014-02
Dimension/support:
13 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
036 - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition
Duration: 2001-01 - 2002-08
Researcher(s):
Edwin May, Zoltán Vassy
Institution(s): Laboratories for Fundamental Research, Palo Alto (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report (2 copies)
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
May, E.
Secondary author(s):
Vassy, Z.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Telepathy / Presentiment / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036.06
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
Challenges for healing and intentionality research: Causation and information
Publication year: 2003
URL:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780443072376500267
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
May, E. C.
Document type:
Book chapter
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
May, E. C. (2003). Challenges for healing and intentionality research: Causation and information. In W. B. Jonas & C. C. Crawford (Eds.), Healing Intention and Energy Medicine: Science, Research Methods and Clinical Implications (pp. 283-291). New York: Churchill Livingstone. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-07237-6.50026-7
Indexed document: Yes
Keywords: Healing
DocumentAnomalous anticipatory skin conductance response to acoustic stimuli: Experimental results and speculation upon a mechanism2005

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 13/2000
Title:
2000 Grants
Start date: 2001-01 - 2014-02
Dimension/support:
13 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
036 - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition
Duration: 2001-01 - 2002-08
Researcher(s):
Edwin May, Zoltán Vassy
Institution(s): Laboratories for Fundamental Research, Palo Alto (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report (2 copies)
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
May, E.
Secondary author(s):
Vassy, Z.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Telepathy / Presentiment / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036.07
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
Anomalous anticipatory skin conductance response to acoustic stimuli: Experimental results and speculation upon a mechanism
Publication year: 2005
URL:
http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/acm.2005.11.695
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
OBJECTIVES:
The primary aim of this study was to conduct a replication, simplification, and extension of similar previous studies that claimed anomalous anticipatory skin conductance responses prior to various stimuli and to provide sufficient protocol and analysis details in order to foster additional replications. A secondary aim was to provide a testable model in order to understand the observed results.
DESIGN:
We used standard skin conductance measures and techniques to search within 50 participants for responses prior to 1-second duration, 97-dB acoustic stimuli, compared to prior to silent controls. We used an interstimulus interval randomly and uniformly distributed between 30 and 50 seconds.
OUTCOME MEASURES:
The dependent variable was the difference between proportions of 3.5-second prestimulus intervals prior to acoustic stimuli and prior to silent controls that contained a fully formed, nonspecific skin conductance response (ns-SCR). The null hypothesis was that the proportion difference should be zero.
RESULTS:
We found a significant proportion difference of 0.032 (Z = 2.08; effect size = 0.077 +/- 0.037; p(1t) = 0.0018), which is a replication of earlier similar studies.
CONCLUSIONS:
We examined and ruled out a number of potential artifacts that might have accounted for this finding. To understand these results, we demonstrated, by Monte Carlo techniques, that a possible explanation is that experimenters may have used their own intuition to initiate experiment runs to somehow sort otherwise random nonspecific skin conductance responses into appropriate bins in order to mimic physiological responses. We found experimental evidence to support this idea as an operational mechanism. If this speculation is confirmed in prospective studies, then this intuition-based mimicking of effects may profoundly impact the interpretation of results from complementary and alternative medical studies that use statistical inference to assess outcomes.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Related objects:
BL-2004-007.02
Author: May, E. C.
Secondary author(s):
Paulinyi, T., Vassy, Z.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
May, E. C., Paulinyi, T., & Vassy, Z. (2005). Anomalous anticipatory skin conductance response to acoustic stimuli: Experimental results and speculation upon a mechanism. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 11(4), 695-702.
2-year Impact Factor: 1.051|2005
Times cited: 19|2024-02-06
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q2
Keywords: Intuition / Electrophysiological evidence
DocumentPrecognition: The only form of psi?2016

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 13/2000
Title:
2000 Grants
Start date: 2001-01 - 2014-02
Dimension/support:
13 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
036 - Prestimulus response with and without a Sender: Physiological evidence for precognition
Duration: 2001-01 - 2002-08
Researcher(s):
Edwin May, Zoltán Vassy
Institution(s): Laboratories for Fundamental Research, Palo Alto (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report (2 copies)
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
May, E.
Secondary author(s):
Vassy, Z.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Telepathy / Presentiment / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2000-036.08
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2000
Title:
Precognition: The only form of psi?
Publication year: 2016
URL:
http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/imp/jcs/2016/00000023/F0020003/art00004
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Based on empirical evidence we discuss the nature of precognition, and address the questions whether retrocausation/ precognition violates causality, whether precognition implies determinism, the questions of actual or probable futures, from where does the information arise, and other observed properties of precognition. This is followed by a discussion on the primacy of precognition by examining the various categories of psi. In our analysis, precognition is most likely the only form of psi, subsuming within it clairvoyance, telepathy, micro-PK, and the survival hypothesis. In this paper, we examine the various arguments for this assertion, the primary one being that it is impossible to close the precognition door.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Related objects:
BL-2002-109.08; BL-2004-007.06
Author: Marwaha, S.
Secondary author(s):
May, E. C.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Percentiles:
7
Reference:
Marwaha, S. B., & May, E. C. (2016). Precognition: The only form of psi? Journal of Consciousness Studies, 23(3-4), 76-100.
2-year Impact Factor: 0.681|2016
Times cited: 4|2024-02-07
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q3