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File076 - Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables - Combining and improving two successful paradigms2005-012006-12

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 25/2004
Title:
2004 Grants
Start date: 2005-01 - 2012-09
Dimension/support:
25 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004-076
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2004
Title:
076 - Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables - Combining and improving two successful paradigms
Duration: 2005-01 - 2006-12
Researcher(s):
Stefan Schmidt, Susanne Müller, Harald Walach
Institution(s): Department for Evaluation of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hospital Epidemiology, Freiburg (Germany)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Copyright/Reproduction: eng
Author:
Schmidt, S.
Secondary author(s):
Müller, S., Walach, H.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Psychokinesis (PK) / Remote staring/being stared at / Assessment tools

DocumentFinal report - Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables - Combining and improving two successful paradigms2006

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 25/2004
Title:
2004 Grants
Start date: 2005-01 - 2012-09
Dimension/support:
25 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004-076
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2004
Title:
076 - Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables - Combining and improving two successful paradigms
Duration: 2005-01 - 2006-12
Researcher(s):
Stefan Schmidt, Susanne Müller, Harald Walach
Institution(s): Department for Evaluation of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hospital Epidemiology, Freiburg (Germany)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Copyright/Reproduction: eng
Author:
Schmidt, S.
Secondary author(s):
Müller, S., Walach, H.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Psychokinesis (PK) / Remote staring/being stared at / Assessment tools

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004-076.01
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2004
Title:
Final report - Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables - Combining and improving two successful paradigms
Publication year: 2006
URL:
http://www.bial.com/imagem/Bolsa7604_21022014.pdf
Abstract/Results: RESULTS:
Findings in parapsychology suggest an effect of distant intentionality. Two laboratory set-ups explored this topic by measuring the effect of a distant intention on psychophysiological variables. The DMILS (direct mental interaction in living systems) experiments investigate the effect of various intentions on the electrodermal activity (EDA) of a remote subject. The "Remote Staring" experiments examine whether gazing by an observer (starer) covaries with the electrodermal activity of the person being observed (staree).
In two meta-analyses (Schmidt, Schneider, Utts & Walach, 2004) it became obvious that the remote staring studies had a lower overall quality than the DMILS studies. While there are some high quality DMILS studies (score over 90%) the highest quality in Remote Staring studies is 71%.
Thus there is a lack in studies with good methodology to assess the remote staring paradigm. We conducted a remote staring study that intended to overcome methodological shortcomings of earlier studies.
Fifty participants were invited to take part as starees. After completing questionnaires on mindfulness, mood, personality and paranormal belief they rested in a comfortable position in front of a video camera while their EDA was continuously monitored. The experimenter also acted as the starer and either observed or did not observe the participant through a closed circuit television system according to a random schedule. EDA during stare and non-stare epochs was compared for significant differences.
In addition to this basic (replication) set-up two new hypotheses were tested. The participant had the possibility to press a button whenever s/he feels stared at. This added a conscious response variable without engaging into the disadvantages of the standard conscious guessing paradigm (guessing strategies, response bias etc). Furthermore the distraction of the starer's intention during non-stare epochs was varied. In one condition s/he was mentally occupied by a cognitive task, in the other s/he was just told not to stare (standard condition). We hypothesized that the distraction from the target in the standard condition was too weak to avoid an unwanted intentional effect in the staree.
Overall we did not find any staring effect at all, not in the EDA data and not in the 'conscious' open response situation. The difference between the conditions were the sender was distracted or not distracted was not significant (p=.07) but for the condition where the starers were distracted (N=20) we found a medium effect size for a staring effect according.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Schmidt, S.
Secondary author(s):
Müller, S., Walach, H.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
2
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Parapsychology / Personality / Temperament / Mindfulness / Paranormal belief / Remote staring

Final report - Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables - Combining and improving two successful paradigms

Final report - Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables - Combining and improving two successful paradigms

DocumentThe feeling of being stared at: A parapsychological classic with a facelift2009

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 25/2004
Title:
2004 Grants
Start date: 2005-01 - 2012-09
Dimension/support:
25 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004-076
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2004
Title:
076 - Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables - Combining and improving two successful paradigms
Duration: 2005-01 - 2006-12
Researcher(s):
Stefan Schmidt, Susanne Müller, Harald Walach
Institution(s): Department for Evaluation of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hospital Epidemiology, Freiburg (Germany)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Copyright/Reproduction: eng
Author:
Schmidt, S.
Secondary author(s):
Müller, S., Walach, H.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Psychokinesis (PK) / Remote staring/being stared at / Assessment tools

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004-076.02
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2004
Title:
The feeling of being stared at: A parapsychological classic with a facelift
Publication year: 2009
URL:
http://ejp.wyrdwise.com/
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Findings in parapsychology suggest an effect of distant intentionality related to remote staring. Previously, either the covariation of a distant gaze with the electrodermal activity (EDA) of the person being observed (staree) or with the person’s conscious guesses are measured. We combined these two strands of research.
Thereby we allowed for the starees at any time to indicate whether they felt being stared at or not. We distracted the starers by a demanding mental task in half of the sessions or we instructed them to keep their minds busy with anything but the staree. Overall 50 sessions were conducted. The experiment failed to demonstrate a clear cut effect. The difference between the staring and non-staring conditions was not significant. For the comparison of distraction and standard procedures we found no significant differences for
EDA or conscious report. However in a post hoc analysis one of the conscious report variables approached significance for the interaction between staring and distraction in the predicted direction. The effect size of the staring effect in this condition was d = 0.57. We conclude that the starer’s mental strategy during the non-staring periods may be important.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Müller, S.
Secondary author(s):
Schmidt, S., Walach, H.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Müller, S., Schmidt, S., & Walach, H. (2009). The feeling of being stared at: A parapsychological classic with a facelift. European Journal of Parapsychology, 24(2), 117-138.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Parapsychology / Remote staring

The feeling of being stared at: A parapsychological classic with a facelift

The feeling of being stared at: A parapsychological classic with a facelift

DocumentRemote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables. Combining and improving two successful paradigms2006

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 25/2004
Title:
2004 Grants
Start date: 2005-01 - 2012-09
Dimension/support:
25 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004-076
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2004
Title:
076 - Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables - Combining and improving two successful paradigms
Duration: 2005-01 - 2006-12
Researcher(s):
Stefan Schmidt, Susanne Müller, Harald Walach
Institution(s): Department for Evaluation of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hospital Epidemiology, Freiburg (Germany)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Copyright/Reproduction: eng
Author:
Schmidt, S.
Secondary author(s):
Müller, S., Walach, H.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Psychokinesis (PK) / Remote staring/being stared at / Assessment tools

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004-076.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2004
Title:
Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables. Combining and improving two successful paradigms
Publication year: 2006
Abstract/Results:
ABSTRACT:
Findings in parapsychology suggest an effect of distant intentionality. Two laboratory set-ups explored this topic by measuring the effect of a distant intention on psychophysiological variables. The DMILS (direct mental interaction in living systems) experiments investigate the effect of various intentions on the electrodermal activity (EDA) of a remote subject. The “Remote Staring” experiments examine whether gazing by an observer (starer) covaries with the electrodermal activity of the person being observed (staree).
In two meta-analyses (Schmidt, Schneider, Utts & Walach, 2004) it became obvious that the remote staring studies had a lower overall quality than the DMILS studies. While there are some high quality DMILS studies (score over 90%) the highest quality in Remote Staring studies is 71%. Thus there is a lack in studies with good methodology to assess the remote staring paradigm.
We conducted a remote staring study that intended to overcome methodological shortcomings of earlier studies.
Fifty participants were invited to take part as starees. After completing questionnaires on mindfulness, mood, personality and paranormal belief they rested in a comfortable position in front of a video camera while their EDA was continuously monitored. The experimenter also acted as the starer and either observed or did not observe the participant through a closed circuit television system according to a random schedule. EDA during stare and non-stare epochs was compared for significant differences.
In addition to this basic (replication) set-up two new hypotheses were tested. The participant had the possibility to press a button whenever s/he feels stared at. This added a conscious response variable without engaging into the disadvantages of the standard conscious guessing paradigm (guessing strategies, response bias etc). Furthermore the distraction of the starer’s intention during non-stare epochs was varied. In one condition s/he was mentally occupied by a cognitive task, in the other s/he was just told not to stare (standard condition). We hypothesized that the distraction from the target in the standard condition was too weak to avoid an unwanted intentional effect in the staree.
Overall we did not find any staring effect at all, not in the EDA data and not in the ‘conscious’ open response situation. Thus the experiment failed in demonstrating any Psi effect.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Müller, S.
Secondary author(s):
Schmidt, S., Walach, H.
Document type:
Conference paper
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Müller, S., Schmidt, S., & Walach, H. (2006). Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables. Combining and improving two successful paradigms. In C. Simmonds-Moore (Ed.), Proceedings of The Parapsychological Association 49th Annual Convention: Proceedings of presented papers (pp. 85-99). Stockholm, Sweden: Parapsychological Association.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Parapsychology / Personality / Paranormal belief / Temperament / Mindfulness / Sense of being stared at

DocumentRemote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables: Combining and improving two successful paradigms2008

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 25/2004
Title:
2004 Grants
Start date: 2005-01 - 2012-09
Dimension/support:
25 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004-076
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2004
Title:
076 - Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables - Combining and improving two successful paradigms
Duration: 2005-01 - 2006-12
Researcher(s):
Stefan Schmidt, Susanne Müller, Harald Walach
Institution(s): Department for Evaluation of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hospital Epidemiology, Freiburg (Germany)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Copyright/Reproduction: eng
Author:
Schmidt, S.
Secondary author(s):
Müller, S., Walach, H.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Psychokinesis (PK) / Remote staring/being stared at / Assessment tools

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004-076.04
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2004
Title:
Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables: Combining and improving two successful paradigms
Publication year: 2008
URL:
http://www.bial.com/imagem/Actas_7Simp.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
We conducted a remote staring study that was intended to overcome some of the methodological shortcomings of earlier and current studies. We combined the classical setting EDA as dependant variable (Braud et al, 1993) with the paradigm that takes the starees´ conscious guesses as the main outcome. Based on findings in the field of social psychology (e.g. Wegner et al, 1987, 1994) we supposed that the classical instruction for the starer “to think not about the staree” in the non-staring condition would be rather counterproductive by making the image of this person tend to return to mind. Moreover we hypothesized that a different operationalization of the control condition a variance between staring and non-staring situation could produce clearer effects in the outcome variable. Therefore we tried to distract the starers completely from the starees during the non-stare conditions by a demanding cognitive task in half of the sessions or we left them with just a blank screen and the classical instruction to “think about something else” in the other half – in order to make a comparison.
Fifty participants were invited to take part as starees. After completing questionnaires on mindfulness, mood,
personality and paranormal belief they rested in a comfortable position in front of a video camera while their EDA was continuously monitored. According to a random schedule they were “stared at” through a closed circuit television system. Conscious guesses were not assessed in the classical forced-choice manner (“Have you been stared at? Yes / No?”) but were replaced by an “open-response” one that allowed them to guess not just when but also how long they felt being stared at. To avoid any cognitive strategies or response bias tendencies starees were blind against the number of staring / non staring periods (10 / 10) and also against the duration of these. Our results were as follows: Overall we did not find any staring effect at all, not in the EDA data and not in the conscious guesses data. The difference between the two conditions (standard vs. distraction) was not significant (p = .07) whereas a medium effect size staring effect according to our hypothesis of d = .43 (p = .085) for the difference between staring and non staring epochs could be found for the “distracting condition”.Because of the lack of any staring effect we could not demonstrate the advantages of our “distraction paradigm”. The results pointed into this direction but they can be of course mere chance findings. We nevertheless recommend that any future investigations into the “sense of being stared at” phenomenon take similar precautions when operationalizing their experimental conditions.
PUBLICATIONS:
Müller, S., Schmidt, S., Walach, H. (2006). Remote Staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables – combining and improving two successful paradigms. Proceedings of Presented Papers of the 49th Annual Parapsychological Association Convention.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Schmidt, S.
Secondary author(s):
Müller, S., Walach, H.
Document type:
Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Schmidt, S., Müller, S., Walach, H. (2008). Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables: Combining and improving two successful paradigms. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 7th Symposium of Fundação Bial. Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Remote staring / Electrodermal activity (EDA) / Experimental methodology / Staring effect / Distraction paradigm

Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables: Combining and improving two successful paradigms

Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables: Combining and improving two successful paradigms

DocumentBohrende Blicke? Stechende Blicke? Das Phänomen der "Blickwahrnehmung" wissenschaftlich untersucht2008

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 25/2004
Title:
2004 Grants
Start date: 2005-01 - 2012-09
Dimension/support:
25 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004-076
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2004
Title:
076 - Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables - Combining and improving two successful paradigms
Duration: 2005-01 - 2006-12
Researcher(s):
Stefan Schmidt, Susanne Müller, Harald Walach
Institution(s): Department for Evaluation of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hospital Epidemiology, Freiburg (Germany)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Copyright/Reproduction: eng
Author:
Schmidt, S.
Secondary author(s):
Müller, S., Walach, H.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Psychokinesis (PK) / Remote staring/being stared at / Assessment tools

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004-076.05
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2004
Title:
Bohrende Blicke? Stechende Blicke? Das Phänomen der "Blickwahrnehmung" wissenschaftlich untersucht
Publication year: 2008
URL:
http://www.anomalistik.de/zeitschrift/artikel/07-123-bohrende-blicke.html
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
This review addresses the phenomenon of staring detection empirically. Staring detection is defined as the detection of a gaze, which is located outside the visual field of the person gazed at. Within parapsychology a large group of experiments assessed this phenomenon. Experiments can be grouped mainly in two different designs. Type A–experiments involve direct staring from behind and a verbal report of the person stared at. Type D-experiments operationalize staring via a closed circuit TV-system and measure a physiological parameter as dependent variable. The history of both paradigms is described and all existing data are assessed by meta-analyses. Within both experimental paradigms small but significant effects of staring detection can be found, although the level of evidence for the two meta-analyses is slightly different. Especially Type A-experiments show many methodological difficulties which are discussed in great detail. A recent study out of our own lab in Freiburg describes new developments and open questions in this field of research. Overall it can be concluded that there is a small staring detection effect in spite of the fact that not all studies are of optimal quality. This effect may be more related to the intention of the starer than to the factual gaze itself. As the effect reported here is very small one has to conclude that its impact on daily life is very limited.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
ger
Author:
Schmidt, S.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Schmidt, S. (2008). Bohrende Blicke? Stechende Blicke? Das Phänomen der "Blickwahrnehmung" wissenschaftlich untersucht. Zeitschrift für Anomalistik, 8, 32-54.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Parapsychology / Being stared at

DocumentRemote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables: Combining and improving two successful paradigms2006

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 25/2004
Title:
2004 Grants
Start date: 2005-01 - 2012-09
Dimension/support:
25 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004-076
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2004
Title:
076 - Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables - Combining and improving two successful paradigms
Duration: 2005-01 - 2006-12
Researcher(s):
Stefan Schmidt, Susanne Müller, Harald Walach
Institution(s): Department for Evaluation of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Hospital Epidemiology, Freiburg (Germany)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Copyright/Reproduction: eng
Author:
Schmidt, S.
Secondary author(s):
Müller, S., Walach, H.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Psychokinesis (PK) / Remote staring/being stared at / Assessment tools

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2004-076.06
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 5/2004
Title:
Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables: Combining and improving two successful paradigms
Publication year: 2006
Accessibility:
Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Müller, S.
Secondary author(s):
Schmidt, S., Walach, H.
Document type:
Abstract
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Müller, S., Schmidt, S., & Walach, H. (2006). Remote staring detected by conscious and psychophysiological variables: Combining and improving two successful paradigms. Journal of Parapsychology, 70, 208-209.
Indexed document: Yes
Keywords: Remote staring / Electrodermal activity (EDA) / Experimental methodology / Staring effect / Distraction paradigm