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File064 - Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement2007-022008-12

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-064
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2006
Title:
064 - Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement
Duration: 2007-02 - 2008-12
Researcher(s):
Nicholas Shackel, Katja Wiech, Guy Kahane, Miguel Farias
Institution(s): Ian Ramsey Centre, University of Oxford (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Shackel, N.
Secondary author(s):
Wiech, K., Kahane, G., Farias, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Affective and social behavior / Social interaction/norms / Cognitive processes / Decision-making

DocumentFinal report - Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement2008

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-064
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2006
Title:
064 - Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement
Duration: 2007-02 - 2008-12
Researcher(s):
Nicholas Shackel, Katja Wiech, Guy Kahane, Miguel Farias
Institution(s): Ian Ramsey Centre, University of Oxford (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Shackel, N.
Secondary author(s):
Wiech, K., Kahane, G., Farias, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Affective and social behavior / Social interaction/norms / Cognitive processes / Decision-making

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-064.01
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2006
Title:
Final report - Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement
Publication year: 2008
URL:
http://www.bial.com/imagem/64-06-20131212.pdf
Abstract/Results: RESULTS
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy volunteers, we investigated the neural bases of counterintuitive moral judgements, while controlling for the content of these judgments (utilitarian versus non-utilitarian). More specifically, we investigated the relationship between the effort required to arrive at a moral judgement, as reflected by behavioural and neural responses during moral decision-making, and two personality traits, each potentially reflecting one of the two postulated pathways to counterintuitive moral judgment (cognitive effort or emotional deficit).
Counterintuitive judgements were perceived as more difficult than intuitive judgements, whereas there was no significant difference in perceived difficulty between utilitarian and deontological judgments. At the neural level, the fMRI data suggest that previously reported differences in moral judgment are in fact largely due to their intuitiveness and not to their content. Furthermore, we show that the difficulty of making counterintuitive moral judgments is reflected in activation in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC). Importantly, rACC activation during counterintuitive judgments of a specifically utilitarian character was negatively correlated with ‘psychoticism’, a trait associated with diminished affect and social awareness, but not with ‘need for cognition’, a trait reflecting preference for complex cognition.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Shackel, N.
Secondary author(s):
Kahane, G., Wiech, K., Farias, M.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
1
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Psychophysiology / Neuroimaging / Moral judgment / Decision-making / Cognition / Emotion

Final report - Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement

Final report - Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement

DocumentThe neural basis of intuitive and counterintuitive moral judgment2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-064
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2006
Title:
064 - Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement
Duration: 2007-02 - 2008-12
Researcher(s):
Nicholas Shackel, Katja Wiech, Guy Kahane, Miguel Farias
Institution(s): Ian Ramsey Centre, University of Oxford (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Shackel, N.
Secondary author(s):
Wiech, K., Kahane, G., Farias, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Affective and social behavior / Social interaction/norms / Cognitive processes / Decision-making

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-064.02
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2006
Title:
The neural basis of intuitive and counterintuitive moral judgment
Publication year: 2012
URL:
http://scan.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2011/03/18/scan.nsr005.full.pdf+html
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Neuroimaging studies on moral decision-making have thus far largely focused on differences between moral judgments with opposing utilitarian (well-being maximizing) and deontological (duty-based) content. However, these studies have investigated moral dilemmas involving extreme situations, and did not control for two distinct dimensions of moral judgment: whether or not it is intuitive (immediately compelling to most people) and whether it is utilitarian or deontological in content. By contrasting dilemmas where utilitarian judgments are counterintuitive with dilemmas in which they are intuitive, we were able to use functional magnetic resonance imaging to identify the neural correlates of intuitive and counterintuitive judgments across a range of moral situations. Irrespective of content (utilitarian/deontological), counterintuitive moral judgments were associated with greater difficulty and with activation in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex, suggesting that such judgments may involve emotional conflict; intuitive judgments were linked to activation in the visual and premotor cortex. In addition, we obtained evidence that neural differences in moral judgment in such dilemmas are largely due to whether they are intuitive and not, as previously assumed, to differences between utilitarian and deontological judgments. Our findings therefore do not support theories that have generally associated utilitarian and deontological judgments with distinct neural systems.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Kahane, G.
Secondary author(s):
Wiech, K., Shackel, N., Farias, M., Savulescu, J., Tracey, I.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Kahane, G., Wiech, K., Shackel, N., Farias, M., Savulescu, J., & Tracey, I. (2012). The neural basis of intuitive and counterintuitive moral judgment. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 7(4), 393-402. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsr005
2-year Impact Factor: 5.042|2012
Times cited: 123|2025-02-10
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Neuroimaging / Moral judgment / Decision-making / functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

The neural basis of intuitive and counterintuitive moral judgment

The neural basis of intuitive and counterintuitive moral judgment

DocumentBrain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement2010

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-064
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2006
Title:
064 - Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement
Duration: 2007-02 - 2008-12
Researcher(s):
Nicholas Shackel, Katja Wiech, Guy Kahane, Miguel Farias
Institution(s): Ian Ramsey Centre, University of Oxford (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Shackel, N.
Secondary author(s):
Wiech, K., Kahane, G., Farias, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Affective and social behavior / Social interaction/norms / Cognitive processes / Decision-making

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-064.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2006
Title:
Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement
Publication year: 2010
URL:
http://www.bial.com/simposio/Livro_de_Actas_8_Simposio.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
OBJECTIVES:
Previous neuroimaging studies of moral dilemmas have suggested that different modes of moral deliberation have distinct neurobiological correlates: deontological, rule-based judgments have been associated with automatic, affect-laden moral intuitions; and utilitarian, utility-maximizing judgments with controlled cognitive processing. However, the respective contribution of content (deontological or utilitarian)
and intuitiveness to moral judgement is still unclear, and the neural bases of moral intuitions remain obscure.
METHODS:
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy volunteers, we investigated the neural bases of counterintuitive moral judgements, while controlling for the content of these judgments (utilitarian versus non-utilitarian). More specifically, we investigated the relationship between the effort required to arrive at a moral judgement, as reflected by behavioural and neural responses during moral decision-making, and two personality traits, each potentially reflecting one of the two postulated pathways to counterintuitive moral judgment (cognitive effort or emotional deficit).
RESULTS:
Counterintuitive judgements were perceived as more difficult than intuitive judgements, whereas there was no significant difference in perceived difficulty between utilitarian and deontological judgments. At the neural level, the fMRI data suggest that previously reported differences in moral judgment are in fact largely due to their intuitiveness and not to their content. Furthermore, we show that the difficulty of making counterintuitive moral judgments is reflected in activation in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC). Importantly, rACC activation during counterintuitive judgments of a specifically utilitarian character was negatively correlated with ‘psychoticism’, a trait associated with diminished affect and social awareness, but not with ‘need for cognition’, a trait reflecting preference for complex cognition.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our data thus suggest that recent attempts to draw support for utilitarian ethics on the basis of research on the neuroscience of moral cognition are premature. More importantly, our findings provide evidence that counterintuitive moral judgment in healthy individuals can be based in two distinct neural mechanisms, and that the rACC is a key structure in moral cognition which can serve as a biomarker for these two pathways to
moral judgment.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Shackel, N.
Secondary author(s):
Kahane, G., Farias, M.
Document type:
Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Shackel, N., Kahane, G., & Farias, M. (2010). Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 8th Symposium of Fundação Bial (p. 215). Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Neuroimaging / Moral judgment / Decision-making / Cognition / Emotion

Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement

Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement

DocumentBrain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-064
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2006
Title:
064 - Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement
Duration: 2007-02 - 2008-12
Researcher(s):
Nicholas Shackel, Katja Wiech, Guy Kahane, Miguel Farias
Institution(s): Ian Ramsey Centre, University of Oxford (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Shackel, N.
Secondary author(s):
Wiech, K., Kahane, G., Farias, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Affective and social behavior / Social interaction/norms / Cognitive processes / Decision-making

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-064.04
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2006
Title:
Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement
Publication year: 2012
URL:
http://www.bial.com/imagem/Bial%20Sonhos%20Miolo_Total%20Bolsas.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
AIMS:
Previous neuroimaging studies of moral dilemmas have suggested that different modes of moral deliberation have distinct neurobiological correlates: deontological, rule-based judgments have been associated with automatic, affect-laden moral intuitions; and utilitarian, utility-maximizing judgments with controlled cognitive processing. However, the respective contribution of content (deontological or utilitarian) and intuitiveness to moral judgement is still unclear, and the neural bases of moral intuitions remain obscure.
METHODS:
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in healthy volunteers, we investigated the neural bases of counterintuitive moral judgements, while controlling for the content of these judgments (utilitarian versus non-utilitarian). More specifically, we investigated the relationship between the effort required to arrive at a moral judgement, as reflected by behavioural and neural responses during moral decision-making, and two personality traits, each potentially reflecting one of the two postulated pathways to counterintuitive moral judgment (cognitive effort or emotional deficit).
RESULTS:
Counterintuitive judgements were perceived as more difficult than intuitive judgements, whereas there was no significant difference in perceived difficulty between utilitarian and deontological judgments. Further, we show that the difficulty of making counterintuitive moral judgments is reflected in activation in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC). Importantly, rACC activation during counterintuitive judgments of a specifically utilitarian character was negatively correlated with ‘psychoticism’, a trait associated with diminished affect and social awareness, but not with ‘need for cognition’, a trait reflecting preference for complex cognition.
CONCLUSIONS:
At the neural level, the fMRI data suggest that previously reported differences in moral judgment are in fact largely due to their intuitiveness and not to their content.
DISCUSSION:
Our data thus suggest that recent attempts to draw support for utilitarian ethics on the basis of research on the neuroscience of moral cognition are premature. More importantly, our findings provide evidence that counterintuitive moral judgment in healthy individuals can be based in two distinct neural mechanisms, and that the rACC is a key structure in moral cognition which can serve as a biomarker for these two pathways to moral judgment.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Shackel, N.
Secondary author(s):
Wiech, K., Kahane, G., Farias, M.
Document type:
Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Shackel, N., Wiech, K., Kahane, G., & Farias, M. (2012). Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 9th Symposium of Fundação Bial (p. 4/63). Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Neuroimaging / Moral judgment / Decision-making / Cognition / Emotion

Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement

Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement

DocumentCold or calculating? Reduced activity in the subgenual cingulate cortex reflects decreased emotional aversion to harming in counterintuitive utilitarian judgment2013

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-064
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2006
Title:
064 - Brain imaging study of the psychological antecedents and neural correlates of moral judgement
Duration: 2007-02 - 2008-12
Researcher(s):
Nicholas Shackel, Katja Wiech, Guy Kahane, Miguel Farias
Institution(s): Ian Ramsey Centre, University of Oxford (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Shackel, N.
Secondary author(s):
Wiech, K., Kahane, G., Farias, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Affective and social behavior / Social interaction/norms / Cognitive processes / Decision-making

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-064.05
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 4/2006
Title:
Cold or calculating? Reduced activity in the subgenual cingulate cortex reflects decreased emotional aversion to harming in counterintuitive utilitarian judgment
Publication year: 2013
URL:
http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0010027712002533/1-s2.0-S0010027712002533-main.pdf?_tid=89830abe-2c37-11e3-9420-00000aab0f27&acdnat=1380810459_8e006424a7c6880aefc1bce679277419
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Recent research on moral decision-making has suggested that many common moral judgments are based on immediate intuitions. However, some individuals arrive at highly counterintuitive utilitarian conclusions about when it is permissible to harm other individuals. Such utilitarian judgments have been attributed to effortful reasoning that has overcome our natural emotional aversion to harming others. Recent studies, however, suggest that such utilitarian judgments might also result from a decreased aversion to harming others, due to a deficit in empathic concern and social emotion. The present study investigated the neural basis of such indifference to harming using functional neuroimaging during engagement in moral dilemmas. A tendency to counterintuitive utilitarian judgment was associated both with 'psychoticism', a trait associated with a lack of empathic concern and antisocial tendencies, and with 'need for cognition', a trait reflecting preference for effortful cognition. Importantly, only psychoticism was also negatively correlated with activation in the subgenual cingulate cortex (SCC), a brain area implicated in empathic concern and social emotions such as guilt, during counterintuitive utilitarian judgments. Our findings suggest that when individuals reach highly counterintuitive utilitarian conclusions, this need not reflect greater engagement in explicit moral deliberation. It may rather reflect a lack of empathic concern, and diminished aversion to harming others.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Wiech, K.
Secondary author(s):
Kahane, G., Shackel, N., Farias, M., Savulescu, J., Tracey, I.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Percentiles:
5
Reference:
Wiech, K., Kahane, G., Shackel, N., Farias, M., Savulescu, J., & Tracey, I. (2013). Cold or calculating? Reduced activity in the subgenual cingulate cortex reflects decreased emotional aversion to harming in counterintuitive utilitarian judgment. Cognition, 126(3), 364-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2012.11.002
2-year Impact Factor: 3.634|2013
Times cited: 57|2025-02-10
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Moral decision-making / Cingulate cortex / Utilitarian judgment / Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) / Social cognition

Cold or calculating? Reduced activity in the subgenual cingulate cortex reflects decreased emotional aversion to harming in counterintuitive utilitarian judgment

Cold or calculating? Reduced activity in the subgenual cingulate cortex reflects decreased emotional aversion to harming in counterintuitive utilitarian judgment