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File131 - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning2007-012010-07

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
131 - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
Duration: 2007-01 - 2010-07
Researcher(s):
Marta de Aragão Pacheco Moita, Marta Guimarães
Institution(s): Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Moita, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guimarãis, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Cognitive processes / Learning / Memory / Emotion

DocumentFinal report - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning2010

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
131 - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
Duration: 2007-01 - 2010-07
Researcher(s):
Marta de Aragão Pacheco Moita, Marta Guimarães
Institution(s): Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Moita, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guimarãis, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Cognitive processes / Learning / Memory / Emotion

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131.01
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
Final report - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
Publication year: 2010
Accessibility:
Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Moita, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guimarãis, M.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
1
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Psychophysiology / Learning / Amygdala / Medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC) / Hippocampus / Trace fear conditioning / Muscimol / Single trial

Final report - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning

Final report - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning

DocumentTime determines the neural circuit underlying associative fear learning2011

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
131 - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
Duration: 2007-01 - 2010-07
Researcher(s):
Marta de Aragão Pacheco Moita, Marta Guimarães
Institution(s): Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Moita, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guimarãis, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Cognitive processes / Learning / Memory / Emotion

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131.02
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
Time determines the neural circuit underlying associative fear learning
Publication year: 2011
URL:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3246300/pdf/fnbeh-05-00089.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Ultimately associative learning is a function of the temporal features and relationships between experienced stimuli. Nevertheless how time affects the neural circuit underlying this form of learning remains largely unknown. To address this issue, we used single-trial auditory trace fear conditioning and varied the length of the interval between tone and foot-shock. Through temporary inactivation of the amygdala, medial prefrontal-cortex (mPFC), and dorsal-hippocampus in rats, we tested the hypothesis that different temporal intervals between the tone and the shock influence the neuronal structures necessary for learning. With this study we provide the first experimental evidence showing that temporarily inactivating the amygdala before training impairs auditory fear learning when there is a temporal gap between the tone and the shock. Moreover, imposing a short interval (5 s) between the two stimuli also relies on the mPFC, while learning the association across a longer interval (40 s) becomes additionally dependent on a third structure, the dorsal-hippocampus. Thus, our results suggest that increasing the interval length between tone and shock leads to the involvement of an increasing number of brain areas in order for the association between the two stimuli to be acquired normally. These findings demonstrate that the temporal relationship between events is a key factor in determining the neuronal mechanisms underlying associative fear learning.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Guimarãis, M.
Secondary author(s):
Gregório, A., Cruz, A., Guyon, N., Moita, M.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Guimarães, M., Gregório, A., Cruz, A., Guyon, N., & Moita, M. (2011). Time determines the neural circuit underlying associative fear learning. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 5: 89. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2011.00089
2-year Impact Factor: 4.758|2012
Impact factor notes: Impact factor computed since 2012
Times cited: 38|2024-02-01
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Amygdala / Medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC) / Hippocampus / Trace fear conditioning / Muscimol / Single trial

Time determines the neural circuit underlying associative fear learning

Time determines the neural circuit underlying associative fear learning

DocumentInvolvement of hippocampus and mPFC in auditory trace fear conditioning is dependent on trace interval length2009

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
131 - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
Duration: 2007-01 - 2010-07
Researcher(s):
Marta de Aragão Pacheco Moita, Marta Guimarães
Institution(s): Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Moita, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guimarãis, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Cognitive processes / Learning / Memory / Emotion

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
Involvement of hippocampus and mPFC in auditory trace fear conditioning is dependent on trace interval length
Publication year: 2009
URL:
http://www.abstractsonline.com/Plan/ViewAbstract.aspx?sKey=aaa13b19-300a-4a01-ab65-e4405b9510d8&cKey=0b84d26d-500d-49fa-b507-c467e54e7bbd&mKey=%7b081F7976-E4CD-4F3D-A0AF-E8387992A658%7d
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
During trace auditory fear conditioning (tFC) rats learned to fear a previously neutral tone that is followed by shock after a brief interval. The mechanisms underlying the association between a tone and shock, that occur separate in time, remain elusive.
Several studies have implicated the hippocampus in tFC. Due to it role in spatial and episodic memory, one possibility is that this area is necessary because it links events that occur within the same spatial context. Additionally, previous studies demonstrated that tFC requires the mPFC raising the possibility that this association could be achieved by a working memory-like strategy,. However, it is possible that these two structures work in parallel enabling the animal with the capacity to resolve the same problem using two different neuronal strategies. As a prior study showed the hippocampus is involved in the tFC acquisition only when the two stimuli are separated by a longer intervals. It is possible that the involvement of one more than the other would depend on the length of the trace interval.
To test this hypothesis we performed temporary inactivation, using muscimol, of hippocampus and mPFC during training where the interval between tone a shcok was either short, 5s, or long, 40s. After the infusion all the rats where trained with a trace single tone-shock pairing using a 20s tone, followed by a trace interval (5 or 40 s) at the iend of which a 1.5mA shock of 1.5s duration was delivered. In accordance with previous findings we found that hippocampus inactivation impaired the acquisition of tFC, for the 40s but not the 5s trace interval. In contrast, the involvement of the mPFC was independent of the length of the interval as the muscimol infused animals from either 40s or 5s trace interval groups were both impaired in the acquisition of fear to the tone.
In summary, rats can learn the association between a tone and shock that are separate in time, within a single training trial. However the circuit underlying this learning changes according to the size of the interval between the two stimuli.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Guimarãis, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guyon, N., Cruz, A., Moita, M.
Document type:
Online abstract
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Guimarães, M., Guyon, N., Cruz, A., & Moita, M. (2009). Involvement of hippocampus and mPFC in auditory trace fear conditioning is dependent on trace interval length. Program No. 384.5/GG44. 2009 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Chicago, IL: Society for Neuroscience. Online.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Learning and memory / Trace fear conditioning / Hippocampus / Medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC)

DocumentHow do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a 22 /2006
Title:
2006 Grants
Start date: 2007-01 - 2013-11
Dimension/support:
22 caixas de arquivo

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
131 - How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
Duration: 2007-01 - 2010-07
Researcher(s):
Marta de Aragão Pacheco Moita, Marta Guimarães
Institution(s): Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras (Portugal)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Moita, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guimarãis, M.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Brain structure and function / Cognitive processes / Learning / Memory / Emotion

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2006-131.04
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 10/2006
Title:
How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning
Publication year: 2012
URL:
http://www.bial.com/imagem/Bial%20Sonhos%20Miolo_Total%20Bolsas.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
OBJECTIVES:
Ultimately associative learning is a function of the temporal features and relationships between experienced stimuli. Nevertheless how time affects the neural circuit underlying this form of learning remains largely unknown. To address this issue, we used single-trial auditory trace fear conditioning and varied the length of the interval between tone and foot-shock. Through temporary inactivation of the amygdala, medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and dorsal-hippocampus in rats, we tested the hypothesis that different temporal intervals between the tone and the shock influence the neuronal structures necessary for learning.
METHODS:
Rats were implanted with bilateral cannulae targeting dorsal hippocampus, lateral amygdala or mPFC, under stereotaxic surgery. Muscimol, a GABAa agonist that efficiently shuts down activity, was infused into the targeted region just prior to the trace fear conditioning session. Rats in teh control group received infusions of the vehicle solution. The next day all rats were tested for their fear of the tone in a distinct environment. Freezing was used as a measure of fear.
RESULTS:
We show for the first time that the amygdala is critically involved in the acquisition of auditory fear learning when there is a temporal gap between the tone and the shock. Moreover, imposing a short interval (5 s) between the two stimuli also recruits the medial pre-frontal cortex (mPFC), while learning the association across a longer interval (40 s) becomes additionally dependent on a third structure, the dorsal-hippocampus.
CONCLUSION:
Thus, our results show that increasing the interval length between tone and shock leads to the requirement of an increasing number of brain areas for the association between the two stimuli to be acquired.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Moita, M.
Secondary author(s):
Guimarãis, M.
Document type:
Conference abstract
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Moita, M., & Guimarães, M. (2012). How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning. In Aquém e além do cérebro. Behind and beyond the brain. Proceedings of the 9th Symposium of Fundação Bial (p. 9/63). Porto: Fundação Bial.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Amygdala / Medial-prefrontal cortex (mPFC) / Hippocampus / Trace fear conditioning / Muscimol / Single trial

How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning

How do we learn to associate events separate in time: a study using trace auditory fear conditioning