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File105 - Testing the Psi-mediated Instrumental Response theory using an implicit psi task2009-012013-10

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
105 - Testing the Psi-mediated Instrumental Response theory using an implicit psi task
Duration: 2009-01 - 2013-10
Researcher(s):
Chris Roe
Institution(s): Centre for the Study of Anomalous Psychological Processes [CSAPP], University of Northampton (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report
Unpublished documents
Language: eng
Author:
Roe, C. A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition

DocumentFinal report - Testing the Psi-mediated Instrumental Response theory using an implicit psi task2013

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
105 - Testing the Psi-mediated Instrumental Response theory using an implicit psi task
Duration: 2009-01 - 2013-10
Researcher(s):
Chris Roe
Institution(s): Centre for the Study of Anomalous Psychological Processes [CSAPP], University of Northampton (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report
Unpublished documents
Language: eng
Author:
Roe, C. A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105.01
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
Final report - Testing the Psi-mediated Instrumental Response theory using an implicit psi task
Publication year: 2013
URL:
http://www.bial.com/imagem/Bolsa10508_04022014.pdf
Abstract/Results: RESULTS:
Four ESP experiments were completed as a programmatic replication of Luke et al. (2008) using an implicit psi task with contingent rewards. Study 1 used a new computer program to control for artifacts. Participants completed a 'personal preferences pretest', rating the attractiveness of 15 sets of 4 abstract images. In fact this was an implicit precognition task, and the program randomly chose one of the 4 images as 'target'; participants with more hits than MCE were given a pleasant task as 'reward'; those at or below MCE completed an unpleasant task as 'punishment'. Nonsignificantly more hits than MCE were achieved; performance was unrelated to luck scale scores, but was significantly correlated with Openness to Experience [OE]. Study 2 compared intentional and nonintentional versions of the task; participants performed at near-chance levels for both conditions. Study 3 explored the construct of latent inhibition (LI). The 'preferences task' was simplified to control for differences in image attractiveness; sets of 4 images were replaced by mirror image pairs. Participants scored suggestively above chance at the psi task, though relationships with LI and OE were not confirmed. Study 4 focused on measures of individuals’ sensitivities to rewards or punishments, and effects of experimenter-participant interaction were assessed. Hit rates were close to MCE, and unrelated to sensitivity to reward or punishment. However, ratings for participant relaxation, rapport, and positivity did correlate with psi performance. The four studies combined give a positive but nonsignificant effect size (Stouffer Z = .51); when combined with previous studies by Luke et al., the effect size remains highly significant (Stouffer z = 4.12).
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Notes:
The final report contains unpublished documents
Author: Roe, C. A.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
2
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Parapsychology / Psychokinesis (PK) / Implicit psi task

Novo ficheiro

Novo ficheiro

DocumentA re-examination of non intentional precognition with openness to experience, creativity, psi beliefs and luck beliefs as predictors of success2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
105 - Testing the Psi-mediated Instrumental Response theory using an implicit psi task
Duration: 2009-01 - 2013-10
Researcher(s):
Chris Roe
Institution(s): Centre for the Study of Anomalous Psychological Processes [CSAPP], University of Northampton (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report
Unpublished documents
Language: eng
Author:
Roe, C. A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105.02
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
A re-examination of non intentional precognition with openness to experience, creativity, psi beliefs and luck beliefs as predictors of success
Publication year: 2012
URL:
http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/79355562/reexamination-nonintentional-precognition-openness-experience-creativity-psi-beliefs-luck-beliefs-as-predictors-success
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
The notion that psi may be able to function without conscious intent and mediate adaptive consequences is a feature of several theories of psi. In particular, Stanford's "Psi-mediated Instrumental Response" (PMLR) model predicts that psi can operate without conscious awareness, facilitating advantageous outcomes by triggering preexisting behaviours in response to opportunities or threats in the environment Luke and colleagues tested elements of this model over 4 studies involving an implicit, forced-choice precognition task in which participants were positively or negatively rewarded based on their performance in relation to the MCE. The 4 studies combined yielded significant evidence of an implicit precogniticm effect. The present study attempted to replicate this precognition effect using a more refined contingent reward system employing images from the International Affective Picture System. The number of trials per participant was increased to enhance statistical power, whereas all other design elements remained consistent with the original studies. Fifty participants achieved a tacit precognition hit rate marginally greater than the MCE, but the extent of their outperformance was not significant. Nevertheless, together with Luke and colleagues' 4 studies, (he combined effect size remains significant (Stouffer Z= 3.25, p= 0.001). Findings are interpreted in relation to Stanford's PMTJR model.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Hitchman, G. A.
Secondary author(s):
Roe, C. A. , Sherwood, S.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Hitchman, G.A., Roe, C.A., & Sherwood, S. (2012). A re-examination of non intentional precognition with openness to experience, creativity, psi beliefs and luck beliefs as predictors of success. Journal of Parapsychology, 76(1), 109-145.
2-year Impact Factor: N/A
Times cited: N/A
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: N/A
Keywords: Parapsychology / Tacit knowledge / Belief & doubt / Experience / Precognition / Extrasensory perception (ESP)

Novo ficheiro

Novo ficheiro

DocumentTesting the psi mediated instrumental response theory using an implicit psi task2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
105 - Testing the Psi-mediated Instrumental Response theory using an implicit psi task
Duration: 2009-01 - 2013-10
Researcher(s):
Chris Roe
Institution(s): Centre for the Study of Anomalous Psychological Processes [CSAPP], University of Northampton (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report
Unpublished documents
Language: eng
Author:
Roe, C. A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
Testing the psi mediated instrumental response theory using an implicit psi task
Publication year: 2012
Accessibility:
Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Hitchman, G. A.
Document type:
Doctoral thesis
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Hitchman, G.A. (2012). Testing the psi mediated instrumental response theory using an implicit psi task. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Northhampton, UK.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Paranormal abilities / Psi-mediated instrumental response

Novo ficheiro

Novo ficheiro

DocumentThe influence of latent inhibition on performance at a non-intentional precognition task 2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
105 - Testing the Psi-mediated Instrumental Response theory using an implicit psi task
Duration: 2009-01 - 2013-10
Researcher(s):
Chris Roe
Institution(s): Centre for the Study of Anomalous Psychological Processes [CSAPP], University of Northampton (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report
Unpublished documents
Language: eng
Author:
Roe, C. A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105.04
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
The influence of latent inhibition on performance at a non-intentional precognition task
Publication year: 2012
URL:
http://www.parapsych.org/uploaded_files/pdfs/00/00/00/00/30/2012_abstracts_of_the_parapsychological_association_convention.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
A property of spontaneous cases of extra-sensory perception, as opposed to those manually instigated, is the lack of conscious intention of the experient or exhibitant to manifest any kind of anomalous phenomena. Despite the wealth of spontaneous case report of ESP phenomena which have been collected by parapsychological researchers, experimental research has often involved asking participants to wilfully manifest anomalous cognition. However, some theories of ESP, such as Stanford‘s psi-mediated instrumental response (PMIR) model predict that such conscious behaviours and cognitions may be counterproductive to the psi process. As a result, recent research, including most notably studies by Luke and colleagues, have included tacit precognition tasks in which psi component of the study is disguised as a conventional psychological test. The paradigm developed by Luke and colleagues involves an image preference task, in which participants are asked to select their preferred images from a series of options. Participants are unaware that this actually constitutes a tacit, forced choice precognition task, with the computer making a random selection of a target image from the response options, which participants‘ selections being scored as a hit or a miss on the basis of whether they match with the computer‘s selections. Stanford‘s model also suggests that psi is goal oriented, helping individuals to achieve rewards and/or avoid punishments. In the Luke studies, participants are consequently either 'punished‘ or 'rewarded‘ based on their precognitive performance in relation to the mean chance expectation. The studies carried out by Luke and colleagues produced highly significant evidence of a non-intentional precognition effect. An attempted replication by Hitchman, Roe and Sherwood was encouraging but inconclusive in relation to the main psi hypothesis and a number of individual difference covariates predicted with Stanford‘s writings.
The present study incorporated a number of methodological refinements, whilst focusing on the relationship between performance at the non-intentional psi task and latent inhibition, a factor predicted to influence an individual‘s sensitivity to psi stimuli. Latent inhibition reflects an organism‘s tendency to filter out information from the cognitive system that it has learned is irrelevant to its on-going concerns. However, it is relatively time consuming to measure experimentally, and previous studies had assessed the construct indirectly via a proxy questionnaire measure of Openness to Experience. Encouraged by the suggestive results using such indirect measures, the present study employed a more direct performance measure of latent inhibition in conjunction with a 15-trial non-intentional precognition task. 50 participants completed a two-part auditory discrimination task which gave an measure of their latent inhibition, before proceeding to complete a battery of questionnaires and a binary, forced choice, tacit psi task. They were subsequently either positively or negatively rewarded via images from subsets which participants has pre-rated, with more images from their preferred subsets being shown the better they performed and vice-versa. The results were suggestive of a non-intentional recognition effect, with participants scoring a mean hit rate of 7.96, where 7.5 would be expected by chance, although their outperformance just failed to reach a statistically significant level, t(48) = 1.62, p = .06, one-tailed. However, no evidence was found in support of the predicted internal effects, with both latent inhibition and Openness to Experience found to be unrelated to participants‘ precognitive performance. These findings are interpreted within the context of previous research and Stanford‘s PMIR model.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Hitchman, G. A.
Secondary author(s):
Roe, C. A., Sherwood, S.
Document type:
Abstract book
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Hitchman, G. A., Roe, C. A. and Sherwood, S. (2012). The influence of latent inhibition on performance at a non-intentional precognition task. In C. S. Alvarado (Ed.), Parapsychological Association 55th Annual Convention: Abstracts of Presented Papers (pp. 32-33). Durham, North Carolina, USA: Parapsychological Association.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Psi-mediated instrumental response / Precognition task

The influence of latent inhibition on performance at a non-intentional precognition task

The influence of latent inhibition on performance at a non-intentional precognition task

DocumentA replication of studies concerning PMIR, psi, beliefs about luck, paranormal beliefs, openness to experience and creativity2010

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
105 - Testing the Psi-mediated Instrumental Response theory using an implicit psi task
Duration: 2009-01 - 2013-10
Researcher(s):
Chris Roe
Institution(s): Centre for the Study of Anomalous Psychological Processes [CSAPP], University of Northampton (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report
Unpublished documents
Language: eng
Author:
Roe, C. A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105.05
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
A replication of studies concerning PMIR, psi, beliefs about luck, paranormal beliefs, openness to experience and creativity
Publication year: 2010
URL:
http://www.spr.ac.uk/main/page/conference-abstracts-2010#hitchman
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Introduction - There has been a recent growth in interest amongst experimental parapsychological researchers in attempting to capture psi effects through tacit means. Such interest can partially be accounted for by the notion that psi phenomena such as extra sensory perception may serve advantageous or adaptive[3] functions as has been inferred from numerous ‘happy ending’ anecdotes of spontaneous, every day instances of reported psi. Indeed, Broughton (1991) has suggested that, in its naturally occurring state, psi may be an entirely unconscious process and has more recently alluded to an evolutionary explanation of psi (Broughton, 2010). In the laboratory, these ideas have been operationalised into experimental methods which attempt to capture the nature of psi by modelling it as a process which occurs outside of conscious awareness, with examples including prestimulus response (Radin, 1997), staring detection (cf. Baker, 2005, p. 60) and precognitive habituation (Bem, 2003).
More recently, Luke, Delanoy and Sherwood (2008), Luke, Roe and Davison (2008) and Luke (2009) conduct a series of four experiments which were designed to test some elements of Stanford’s (e.g. 1990) ‘Psi-mediated Instrumental Response’ (PMIR) model of psi. The PMIR model is multi-faceted, but could be summarised as suggesting that psi can operate unconsciously, facilitating advantageous outcomes for the organism by triggering pre-existing behavioural functions in response to opportunities or threats in the environment. By implication, experimental psi tasks do not necessarily require the conscious intent of the participant, nor even their awareness of the requirement of psi. Indeed, such awareness and intent could be counter-productive.
Thus, the Luke, Delanoy & Sherwood (2008) computer-based method comprised of presenting participants with ten sets of four fractal images and assigning them a quick response preference indication task of selecting which image out of each set they found the most aesthetically pleasing. Unbeknown to the participants, this constituted an implicit, forced-choice precognition task as, after each time participants registered their preference, the computer program would pseudo-randomly select one of the images as a target, with the selection being scored on a hit or miss basis. Subsequent to the ten trials, participants were directed towards a second task, the nature of which was contingent on their performance on the covert psi task. If the participants outperformed the mean chance expectations, they were administered with a positive reward, whereas if they scored below the mean chance expectation (MCE), they were given a negative reward. In each case, the contingent task was intended to be graded in pleasantness according to the level of over- or under-performance of chance. Taken together, the four studies yielded an above chance mean psi score of 2.92 (SD = 1.46, MCE = 2.50) which was highly significant (t[197] = 4.036, p = 0.000078, two-tailed, z = 3.88).
These studies also considered a number of psychological factors which concern the extent to which an individual may be sensitive to a psi stimulus, and in turn, their propensity to respond behaviourally in a goal-serving manner. In particular, the research gave credence to Broughton’s (1991, p.193) notion that psi may “look like luck” by analysing psi task performance in relation to beliefs about luck and perceived personal luckiness using the Questionnaire of Beliefs about Luck (Luke, Delanoy & Sherwood, 2003). Furthermore, the effects of paranormal beliefs, openness to experience and creativity on the action of psi were examined. Across the four studies, correlations pertaining to each subscale of the QBL as well as the other psychological measures were inconsistent, but suggested some promise. The current study has been designed to refine the Luke, Delanoy and Sherwood (2008) paradigm in an effort to reproduce the overall psi effect and shed further light upon the psychological correlates of covert psi task success.
Study design - The study will use the same essential computer based method developed by Luke, Delanoy and Sherwood (2008), described above. Crucially, the computer program has been completely re-written in an updated programming language (VB.NET) in order to incorporate data collection of individual difference measures and provide participants with a smoother and more intuitive experience. Furthermore, the number of trials in each session has been increased from 10 to 15, which is considered a more optimal trade off between statistical power and potential declines in participant interest and enjoyment. Moreover, whereas the previous studies allowed participants to view erotic images or cartoons in the reward condition, the current study will utilise more suitable sets of images constructed from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) in order to yield a more pertinent, sensitive and carefully graded measure of reward.
Prespecified Analyses - Data collection is ongoing and is expected to be completed in time for presentation at the conference. The primary analyses will involve both a statistical comparison of psi scores against the mean chance expectation as well as correlation analysis concerning the relationship between psi task success and beliefs about luck, perceived personal luckiness, paranormal beliefs, openness to experience and creativity.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Hitchman, G. A.
Secondary author(s):
Roe, C. A., Sherwood, S.
Document type:
Online abstract
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Hitchman, C.A., Roe, C.A., & Sherwood, S. (2010, September). A replication of studies concerning PMIR, psi, beliefs about luck, paranormal beliefs, openness to experience and creativity. Paper presented at the Society for Psychical Research 34th International Conference, Sheffield University, UK. Abstract retrieved from http://www.spr.ac.uk/main/page/conference-abstracts-2010#hitchman
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Psi effects / Psi phenomena / Psi-mediated instrumental response / Precognition task

DocumentA re-examination of non intentional precognition with openness to experience, creativity, psi beliefs and luck beliefs as predictors of success2011

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
105 - Testing the Psi-mediated Instrumental Response theory using an implicit psi task
Duration: 2009-01 - 2013-10
Researcher(s):
Chris Roe
Institution(s): Centre for the Study of Anomalous Psychological Processes [CSAPP], University of Northampton (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report
Unpublished documents
Language: eng
Author:
Roe, C. A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105.06
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
A re-examination of non intentional precognition with openness to experience, creativity, psi beliefs and luck beliefs as predictors of success
Publication year: 2011
URL:
http://www.parapsych.org/uploaded_files/pdfs/00/00/00/00/24/2011_pa_convention_abstracts.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
The notion that psi may be able to function without conscious intent to mediate adaptive outcomes is a predominant feature of several theories of psi. In particular, Stanford‘s ?Psi-mediated Instrumental Response‘ (PMIR) model predicts that psi can operate in the absence of conscious awareness, facilitating advantageous outcomes for the organism by triggering pre-existing behaviours in response to opportunities or threats in the environment. To test some assumptions of this model, Luke and colleagues carried out 4 studies involving a 10-trial computer based protocol in which participants were asked to indicate their preferred images from sets of four geometric patterns. Unbeknown to the participants, this constituted an implicit, forced-choice precognition task as after they had made each preferential choices, the computer randomly selected one of the four images as a target. In contingent conditions, participants whose hit rate at the end of the 10 trials exceeded the mean chance expectation were directed towards a positive outcome task of rating erotic or cartoon images, whereas those who scored below the MCE took part in a negative outcome task consisting of a boring number vigilance activity. Taken together, the four studies yielded highly significant evidence of an implicit precognition effect. However, participants in non-contingent conditions, who were allowed to leave the experiment early rather than take part in a contingent outcome task, performed marginally better than those in contingent conditions. This raised questions over the assumptions of the PMIR model and called for further testing. The present study therefore attempted to clarify this issue by refining the experimental design and using a more carefully composed contingent reward task structure using images from the International Affective Picture System. The number of trials per participant was increased from 10 to 15 to increase statistical power, whereas all other design elements remained consistent with the original studies. Fifty participants completed a battery of questionnaires and a 15-trial computer-based implicit psi task with a graded positive or negative contingent reward outcome task. The results showed that participants scored more hits on the tacit precognition task than would be expected by chance but the extent of the outperformance was not statistically significant (mean hit rate = 4.02, MCE = 3.75, t [49] = 1.14, p = 0.13, one tailed). Interestingly, participants were shown to perform almost exactly at chance levels over the final 5 trials which had been added for the present study. With regards to individual difference correlates of psi task performance, a significant positive correlation was found between participants‘ hits on the implicit precognition task and their scores on Goldberg‘s measure of openness to experience (r = .29, p = .02), used here as an experimental proxy for latent inhibition, a factor hypothesised to diminish an organism‘s receptivity to psi stimuli. However, correlations between psi score and beliefs about luck, psi, paranormal
phenomena and creativity were all found to be non-significant. These findings are interpreted in terms of their support for Stanford‘s PMIR model.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Hitchman, G. A.
Secondary author(s):
Roe, C. A., Sherwood, S.
Document type:
Abstract book
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Hitchman, G. A., Roe, C. A., & Sherwood, S. (2011). A re-examination of non intentional precognition with openness to experience, creativity, psi beliefs and luck beliefs as predictors of success. In M. Kittenis (Ed.), Parapsychological Association 54th Annual Convention: Abstracts of presented papers (pp. 13-14). Curitiba, Brazil: Parapsychological Association.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Precognition / Latent inhibition / Belief in good luck / Paranormal phenomena / Implicit psi task

A re-examination of non intentional precognition with openness to experience, creativity, psi beliefs and luck beliefs as predictors of success

A re-examination of non intentional precognition with openness to experience, creativity, psi beliefs and luck beliefs as predictors of success

DocumentRelationship between lability and performance in intentional and non-intentional PMIR-type psi tasks2011

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
105 - Testing the Psi-mediated Instrumental Response theory using an implicit psi task
Duration: 2009-01 - 2013-10
Researcher(s):
Chris Roe
Institution(s): Centre for the Study of Anomalous Psychological Processes [CSAPP], University of Northampton (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report
Unpublished documents
Language: eng
Author:
Roe, C. A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105.07
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
Relationship between lability and performance in intentional and non-intentional PMIR-type psi tasks
Publication year: 2011
URL:
http://www.spr.ac.uk/main/page/conference-abstracts-2011
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
INTRODUCTION
A number of recent studies have explored the notion that individuals may be able to exhibit psi phenomena such as extra sensory perception without explicit intent or awareness. These studies such as those involving prestimulus response (Radin, 1997) and precognitive habituation (Bem, 2003) have all attempted to capture evidence of psi via tacit means by engaging participants in activities in which the nature of their behaviour or physiological responses is seemly influenced by factors occurring outside of their explicit awareness. Promising findings from these studies fit well with theoretical perspectives which propose psi as primarily an unconscious process, with some (e.g. Broughton, 2010) suggesting that psi-mediated outcomes may serve evolutionarily adaptive purposes for the exhibiting organism. One theory which conforms closely to these assertions is Stanford’s (e.g. 1990) ‘Psi-mediated Instrumental Response’ (PMIR) model of psi. The PMIR model consists of a number of elements but essentially claims that that psi may play an unconscious role in triggering pre-existing behavioural functions in response to opportunities or threats in the environment which ultimately lead to outcomes beneficial to the organism.
Several of these predictions were, in part, the focus of a series of four studies by Luke, Delanoy and Sherwood (2008), Luke, Roe and Davison (2008) and Luke (2009) and a recent replication attempt by Hitchman, Roe and Sherwood (2010), presented at last year’s conference. All of the studies made use of the same fundamental computer-based experimental task which involved presenting participants with sets of four fractal images and asking them to quickly select their preferred image from the set. At the time of completing the task, participants were unaware that immediately after they had registered their preference, the computer ran a pseudo-random process in order to select one of the images as a target. Trials were deemed as ‘hits’ if the participant’s preferred image matched with the computer’s random selection, otherwise the trials were scored as ‘misses’. This thereby constituted a tacit, forced-choice precognition task with performance in relation to the number of hits expected by chance being rewarded or punished accordingly. Those participants who scored greater than the mean chance expectation (MCE) went on to partake in a positive reward task, whereas those who scored lower than the MCE were directed towards a task designed to be boring and mildly unpleasant. These studies also explored a number of psychological factors which were predicted to be correlated with participants’ performance at the tacit psi task, including individuals’ conceptualisation of luck and their perceived personal luckiness as well as their paranormal beliefs, openness to experience and aspects of their creativity.
With their results combined, the original four studies yielded mean psi score of 2.92 which was found to be significantly greater than would be expected by chance alone (MCE = 2.50, t[197] = 4.04, p = 0.000078, two-tailed). Promising but inconsistent indicative evidence of the proposed psychological correlates was also found and was thought to warrant efforts towards further exploration. The attempted replication by Hitchman, Roe and Sherwood (2010) was therefore primarily intended to explore whether other researchers could similarly demonstrate a significant extra-sensory effect using the same tacit psi task whilst also attempting to clarify the role of the psychological factors predicted to be related to participants’ unconscious precognitive performance. This study utilised a revised computer program, re-written in an alternative programming language, and also increased the number of experimental psi trials per participant from 10 to 15. Participants in this study also achieved more hits on average than would be expected by chance, (mean = 4.02 hits, versus MCE = 3.75 hits), although they were found not to significantly outperform the MCE (t[49] = 1.14, p = 0.13, one tailed). In relation to the psychological correlates, the tenuous links between participants’ performance at the tacit psi task and their conceptualisations and beliefs about luck and their creativity were not supported. However, a significant correlation was found between the number of hits they achieved and their level of openness to experience (r[48] = .29, p = .02, one-tailed). Fundamentally, openness to experience had been used as an experimental proxy for the wider concepts of latent inhibition (Lublow, 1989) and lability (after Holt and Roe, 2006), thought respectively to diminish organisms’ sensitivity and responsiveness to psi stimuli. However, openness itself is an indirect and incomplete measure of these concepts.
AIMS OF THE PRESENT STUDY
The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between performance at the psi task and a more comprehensive measure of lability. The experiment also presented an opportunity to compare intentional and non-intentional versions of the psi task to see if the conscious intent of participants bore on the number of hits they achieved as well as to explore the influence of feedback. The study used a modified version of the computer based method utilised in the Hitchman, Roe and Sherwood (2010) study, developed to incorporate a trial-by-trial feedback mechanism where participants received a contingent reward or punishment in the form of positive or negative emotive images at the end of each trial. Moreover, the design was modified to include an intentional version of the task in which participants attempted to wilfully achieve positive rewards by means of precognition. Crucially, a broader composite questionnaire measure of lability was implemented into the data collection process.
PRESPECIFIED ANALYSES
Analyses will involve comparing precognitive performance with the number of hits expected by chance for both intentional and non-intentional versions of the task as well as assessing the correlations between scores at the psi task and the measure of lability. Data collection is nearing completion and the presentation will include a summary of the results.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Hitchman, G. A.
Secondary author(s):
Roe, C. A., Sherwood, S.
Document type:
Online abstract
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Hitchman, G. A., Roe, C. A., & Sherwood, S. J. (2011, September). Relationship between lability and performance in intentional and non-intentional PMIR-type psi tasks. Paper presented at the Society for Psychical Research 35th International Conference, Edinburgh University, UK. Abstract retrieved from http://www.spr.ac.uk/main/page/conference-abstracts-2011
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Psi / Lability scale / Precognition / Intention / Non-intention

DocumentThe relationship between latent inhibition and performance at a non-intentional precognition task2015

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
105 - Testing the Psi-mediated Instrumental Response theory using an implicit psi task
Duration: 2009-01 - 2013-10
Researcher(s):
Chris Roe
Institution(s): Centre for the Study of Anomalous Psychological Processes [CSAPP], University of Northampton (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report
Unpublished documents
Language: eng
Author:
Roe, C. A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105.08
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
The relationship between latent inhibition and performance at a non-intentional precognition task
Publication year: 2015
URL:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1550830714002304
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Context: Many spontaneous cases of extra-sensory perception (ESP) seem to occur without the conscious intent of the experient to manifest any anomalous phenomena. Indeed, Stanford?s psi-mediated instrumental response (PMIR) theory, which frames ESP as a goal-oriented function, goes as far as to suggest that such intent may be counterproductive to psi.
Objectives: The present study was the latest to build on the successful paradigm developed by Luke and colleagues in testing the non-intentional psi hypothesis and potential covariates of psi task success. This study focused on the ability of latent inhibition-an organism?s cognitive tendency to filter out apparently irrelevant information-to predict an individual?s sensitivity to psi stimuli.
Method: A total of 50 participants completed a two-part auditory discrimination performance measure of latent inhibition; a battery of questionnaires; and a 15-trial, binary, forced-choice, non-intentional precognition task. They were then either positively or negatively rewarded via images from subsets that they had pre-rated, seeing more images from their preferred subsets the better they performed at the psi task and vice versa.
Results: Participants scored a mean hit rate of 7.96 [mean chance expectation (MCE) = 7.50], which just failed to reach a statistically significant level, t(48) = 1.62, P = .06, one-tailed, ESr (effect size correlation) = 0.23. However, latent inhibition was found to be unrelated to participants? precognitive performance.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Hitchman, G. A.
Secondary author(s):
Sherwood, S. J., Roe, C. A.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Percentiles:
7
Reference:
Hitchman, G. A., Sherwood, S. J., & Roe, C. A. (2015). The relationship between latent inhibition and performance at a non-intentional precognition task. Explore: The Journal of Science and Healing, 11(2), 118-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2014.12.004
2-year Impact Factor: 1.012|2015
Times cited: 0|2024-02-07
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q4
Keywords: Extra-sensory perception / Latent inhibition / Non-intentional precognition

DocumentThe effects of experimenter-participant interaction qualities in a goal-oriented nonintentional precognition task2016

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
105 - Testing the Psi-mediated Instrumental Response theory using an implicit psi task
Duration: 2009-01 - 2013-10
Researcher(s):
Chris Roe
Institution(s): Centre for the Study of Anomalous Psychological Processes [CSAPP], University of Northampton (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report
Unpublished documents
Language: eng
Author:
Roe, C. A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105.09
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
The effects of experimenter-participant interaction qualities in a goal-oriented nonintentional precognition task
Publication year: 2016
URL:
https://derby.openrepository.com/handle/10545/624061
Abstract/Results: Several recent studies, inspired by psi theories such as Stanford’s psi-mediated instrumental response (PMIR) model, have employed a tacit precognition protocol to test the notion that extrasensory perception may be nonintentional. After remarkable initial success, outcomes have been more inconsistent. One possible reason for the observed variability in results is that the studies were conducted by different experimenters. The current study therefore addressed a number of dimensions regarding participants’ interaction with either a male or female experimenter. 52 participants took part in 12 nonintentional precognition trials and a positive or negative outcome task contingent on their performance. The total number of precognitive hits was marginally above mean chance expectation but failed to reach statistical significance. There were significant positive correlations between participants’ precognition scores and their ratings of the positivity of their interaction with the experimenter, their rapport with the experimenter, and their level of relaxation. There were also notable differences between the two experimenters with respect to the relationships between their participant-experimenter interaction ratings and participants’ tacit precognition scores; all correlations were in the predicted direction for the female experimenter, but in the opposite direction for the male experimenter.
Language: eng
Author:
Hitchman, G. A.
Secondary author(s):
Pfeuffer, C. U. , Roe, C. A. , Sherwood, S. J.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Hitchman, G. A., Pfeuffer, C. U., Roe, C. A., & Sherwood, S. J. (2016). The effects of experimenter-participant interaction qualities in a goal-oriented nonintentional precognition task. Journal of Parapsychology, 80(1), 45-69.
2-year Impact Factor: N/A
Times cited: N/A
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: N/A
Keywords: Extrasensory perception / Nonintentional precognition / Experimenter-participant interaction

The effects of experimenter-participant interaction qualities in a goal-oriented nonintentional precognition task

The effects of experimenter-participant interaction qualities in a goal-oriented nonintentional precognition task

DocumentThe relationship between lability and performance at intentional and nonintentional versions of an implicit PMIR-type psi task2015

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 17/2008
Title:
105 - Testing the Psi-mediated Instrumental Response theory using an implicit psi task
Duration: 2009-01 - 2013-10
Researcher(s):
Chris Roe
Institution(s): Centre for the Study of Anomalous Psychological Processes [CSAPP], University of Northampton (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Progress reports
Final report
Unpublished documents
Language: eng
Author:
Roe, C. A.
Number of reproductions:
2
Keywords:
Parapsychology / Extrasensory perception (ESP) / Precognition

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-105.10
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
The relationship between lability and performance at intentional and nonintentional versions of an implicit PMIR-type psi task
Publication year: 2015
URL:
https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2015-39112-005
Abstract/Results: A number of theories of psi such as Stanford’s psi-mediated instrumental response (PMIR) model suggest psi can function without a person’s awareness, and that their intent to exhibit psi may be counterproductive. However, few parapsychological studies have directly compared participants’ performance at intentional and nonintentional versions of equivalent tasks. This study sought to address this issue whilst exploring the role of lability, suggested by Stanford to be predictive of a person’s propensity to respond to extrasensory stimuli. 50 participants took part in both intentional and nonintentional versions of a 10-trial, binary, forced-choice precognition task. A contingent outcome task system involving positive pictures as reward for hit trials and negative pictures as punishment for miss trials was administered on a trial-by-trial basis. Participants scored marginally fewer hits than the mean chance expectation in both versions of the task, with no tangible difference in their performance between tasks. Furthermore, no relationship was found between the number of precognitive hits they achieved and their scores on a composite psychometric measure of lability, nor its constituent elements. However, participants’ expectations that their luck could aid their performance, as well as their emotional reactivity, were significantly positively related to their tacit psi scores.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
by permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Hitchman, G. A. M.
Secondary author(s):
Roe, C. A., Sherwood, S. J.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
2
Reference:
Hitchman, G.A., Roe, C.A., & Sherwood, S.J. (2015). The relationship between lability and performance at intentional and non-intentional versions of an implicit PMIR-type psi task. Journal of Parapsychology, 79(1), 65-86.
2-year Impact Factor: N/A
Times cited: N/A
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: N/A
Keywords: PMRI-type psi task / Performance on intentional / Performance on non-intentional / Lability

The relationship between lability and performance at intentional and non-intentional versions of an implicit PMIR-type psi-task

The relationship between lability and performance at intentional and non-intentional versions of an implicit PMIR-type psi-task