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File141 - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty2009-102013-11

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
141 - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty
Duration: 2009-10 - 2013-11
Researcher(s):
Edward Vul, Nancy Kanwisher, Joshua Tenenbaum
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Language: eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Kanwisher, N., Tenenbaum, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Cognitive processes / Perception / Attention / Decision-making / Brain structure and function / Body structure and function / Vision

DocumentFinal report - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty2013

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
141 - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty
Duration: 2009-10 - 2013-11
Researcher(s):
Edward Vul, Nancy Kanwisher, Joshua Tenenbaum
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Language: eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Kanwisher, N., Tenenbaum, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Cognitive processes / Perception / Attention / Decision-making / Brain structure and function / Body structure and function / Vision

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141.01
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
Final report - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty
Publication year: 2013
URL:
http://www.bial.com/imagem/Bolsa141-08_03012014.pdf
Abstract/Results: RESULTS:
I am pleased to report a number of successes on the research stemming from this bursary, all on the general theme of quantifying uncertainty and risky decision-making across domains. We have now measured such behavior for conscious and unconscious perception in tasks ranging from intuitive physics in infants and adults, binocular rivalry, and early visual processing. Moreover, we developed a method to discover the structure of neural representations and applied it to visual cognition. This report is structured by the papers that have stemmed in part from this bursary.
[1] We investigated how people forage in an uncertain environment, and found that visual search follows optimal foraging informed by the distribution of the number of targets across displays. This indicates that people learn target distributions from the environment, and integrate this learning with uncertain, sparse measurements of the richness of a given scene, to yield near- optimal foraging behavior.
[2] Here we investigated pure reasoning about physically constrained objects in infants. We showed that a simple kinematic model can account for infants’ surprisal in a number of classic, and new, experiments measuring how infants perceive objects. This suggests that even as infants, humans can reason about physical scenarios and can combine uncertainty about object locations and motion, along with constraints from base rates.
[3] Here we asked whether bistability in the visual system during binocular rivalry might reflect optimal inference given uncertainty about the latent causes of visual input. We showed that Gibbs (or Markov chain Monte Carlo) inference in a model that captures the structured dependencies of the visual world yields both the global switching dynamics, as well as the local transition dynamics, of binocular rivalry.
[4] Here we asked whether uncertainty about the timing of rapid sequences of events is combined with expectations about the temporal structure of the world – we find that such an account can explain a number of RSVP perception phenomena, including repetition blindness, the attentional blink, and patterns of errors in those tasks.
[5] Here we proposed an overarching agenda for combining uncertain reasoning with cognitive constraints to yield rational process models. We propose that by considering optimal engineering solutions to implementing inference under uncertainty, we may develop process models of human reasoning.
[6] This is the culmination of many strands of research in which we devised methods to discover the structure of visual representations in the human brain. We applied our data driven ‘functional clustering’ to fMRI data to show that we can find which objects are seem to be subserved by similar neural substrates, and to identify neural substrates that seem to have sufficiently homogenous function. This hypothesis-neutral method of discovering functional neural architecture yields strong evidence for the face, place, and body areas, and opens the possibility for discovering new functional regions in the brain.
[7] Here we measured uncertainty in the mapping function between visually presented magnitudes, and self-reported numerical estimates. We find that mapping of magnitudes onto numbers reveals a bilinear function that highlights two regimes of (mis)calibration: small magnitudes are mapped veridically, with considerable stability. However, larger magnitudes (above about 15) are systematically mismapped, and show slow drift over time. We believe this slow drifting mismapping reflects a process of MCMC learning of the uncertain mapping from magnitudes onto our verbal number line.
[8] In this work we measured the sources of uncertainty in human physical reasoning, particularly in the domain of reasoning about physical objects undergoing simple 2D motion. We find that most of the uncertainty in these cases arises from stochastic dynamics: meaning that our forward physical models are not deterministic, but are themselves uncertain. Moreover, this physical uncertainty propagates non-linearly, and yields stable patterns of bias and error in human judgments and decisions.
[9] Here we measured uncertainty and the dynamics of verbal problem solving in a semantic remote associates test. We find that people search through their semantic space via a partially-guided random-walk, consistent with a MCMC chain exploring the semantic space weighted by the constraints of the cues.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Kanwisher, N., Tenenbaum, J.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
1
Indexed document:
No
Keywords: Psychophysiology / Social behavior and relationships / Human cognition / Uncertainty / Risk / Neuroscience

Novo ficheiro

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DocumentA bayesian optimal foraging model of human visual search2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
141 - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty
Duration: 2009-10 - 2013-11
Researcher(s):
Edward Vul, Nancy Kanwisher, Joshua Tenenbaum
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Language: eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Kanwisher, N., Tenenbaum, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Cognitive processes / Perception / Attention / Decision-making / Brain structure and function / Body structure and function / Vision

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141.02
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
A bayesian optimal foraging model of human visual search
Publication year: 2012
Institution(s):
http://mattcain.com/papers/Cain_Vul_Clark_Mitroff_inpress.pdf
URL: http://pss.sagepub.com/content/early/2012/08/05/0956797612440460.abstract
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Real-world visual searches often contain a variable and unknown number of targets. Such searches present difficult metacognitive challenges, as searchers must decide when to stop looking for additional targets, which results in high miss rates in multiple-target searches. In the study reported here, we quantified human strategies in multiple-target search via an ecological optimal foraging model and investigated whether searchers adapt their strategies to complex target-distribution statistics. Separate groups of individuals searched displays with the number of targets per trial sampled from different geometric distributions but with the same overall target prevalence. As predicted by optimal foraging theory, results showed that individuals searched longer when they expected more targets to be present and adjusted their expectations on-line during each search by taking into account the higher-order, across-trial target distributions. However, compared with modeled ideal observers, participants systematically responded as if the target distribution were more uniform than it was, which suggests that training could improve multiple-target search performance.
Accessibility: Document exists in file (previous version submitted for publication)
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Cain, M., Clark, K., Mitroff, S.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Cain, M., Vul, E., Clark, K., & Mitroff, S. (2012). A bayesian optimal foraging model of human visual search. Psychological Science, 23(9), 1047-1054. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797612440460
2-year Impact Factor: 4.543|2012
Times cited: 88|2024-02-01
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Visual search / Environmental effects

A bayesian optimal foraging model of human visual search

A bayesian optimal foraging model of human visual search

DocumentBridging Levels of Analysis for Probabilistic Models of Cognition2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
141 - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty
Duration: 2009-10 - 2013-11
Researcher(s):
Edward Vul, Nancy Kanwisher, Joshua Tenenbaum
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Language: eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Kanwisher, N., Tenenbaum, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Cognitive processes / Perception / Attention / Decision-making / Brain structure and function / Body structure and function / Vision

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141.03
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
Bridging Levels of Analysis for Probabilistic Models of Cognition
Publication year: 2012
URL:
http://cdp.sagepub.com/content/21/4/263.short
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Probabilistic models of cognition characterize the abstract computational problems underlying inductive inferences and identify their ideal solutions. This approach differs from traditional methods of investigating human cognition, which focus on identifying the cognitive or neural processes that underlie behavior and therefore concern alternative levels of analysis. To evaluate the theoretical implications of probabilistic models and increase their predictive power, we must understand the relationships between theories at these different levels of analysis. One strategy for bridging levels of analysis is to explore cognitive processes that have a direct link to probabilistic inference. Recent research employing this strategy has focused on the possibility that the Monte Carlo principle—which concerns sampling from probability distributions in order to perform computations—provides a way to link probabilistic models of cognition to more concrete cognitive and neural processes.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Griffiths, T.
Secondary author(s):
Vul, E., Sanborn, N.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Griffiths, T., Vul, E., & Sanborn, N. (2012). Bridging levels of analysis for probabilistic models of cognition. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 21(4), 263-268. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721412447619
2-year Impact Factor: 4.222|2012
Times cited: 99|2024-02-01
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Cognitive modeling / Levels of analysis / Probabilistic models of cognition / Rational process models

Novo ficheiro

Novo ficheiro

DocumentMultistability and Perceptual Inference2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
141 - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty
Duration: 2009-10 - 2013-11
Researcher(s):
Edward Vul, Nancy Kanwisher, Joshua Tenenbaum
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Language: eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Kanwisher, N., Tenenbaum, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Cognitive processes / Perception / Attention / Decision-making / Brain structure and function / Body structure and function / Vision

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141.04
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
Multistability and Perceptual Inference
Publication year: 2012
URL:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22023198
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Ambiguous images present a challenge to the visual system: How can uncertainty about the causes of visual inputs be represented when there are multiple equally plausible causes? A Bayesian ideal observer should represent uncertainty in the form of a posterior probability distribution over causes. However, in many real-world situations, computing this distribution is intractable and requires some form of approximation. We argue that the visual system approximates the posterior over underlying causes with a set of samples and that this approximation strategy produces perceptual multistability-stochastic alternation between percepts in consciousness. Under our analysis, multistability arises from a dynamic sample-generating process that explores the posterior through stochastic diffusion, implementing a rational form of approximate Bayesian inference known as Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). We examine in detail the most extensively studied form of multistability, binocular rivalry, showing how a variety of experimental phenomena--gamma-like stochastic switching, patchy percepts, fusion, and traveling waves--can be understood in terms of MCMC sampling over simple graphical models of the underlying perceptual tasks. We conjecture that the stochastic nature of spiking neurons may lend itself to implementing sample-based posterior approximations in the brain.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Gershman, S. J.
Secondary author(s):
Vul, E., Tenenbaum, J.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Gershman, S.J., Vul, E., & Tenenbaum, J. (2012). Multistability and Perceptual Inference. Neural Computation, 24(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1162/NECO_a_00226
2-year Impact Factor: 1.760|2012
Times cited: 78|2024-02-01
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q2
Keywords: Binocular rivalry / Markov random field / Bayes rule

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DocumentExpectations about the temporal structure of the world result in the aAttentional blink and repetition blindness2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
141 - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty
Duration: 2009-10 - 2013-11
Researcher(s):
Edward Vul, Nancy Kanwisher, Joshua Tenenbaum
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Language: eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Kanwisher, N., Tenenbaum, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Cognitive processes / Perception / Attention / Decision-making / Brain structure and function / Body structure and function / Vision

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141.05
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
Expectations about the temporal structure of the world result in the aAttentional blink and repetition blindness
Publication year: 2012
Institution(s):
http://mindmodeling.org/cogsci2012/papers/0169/paper0169.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
We consider how repetition blindness and the attentional blink might arise from prior assumptions about the occurrence of task-relevant states of the world. Repetition blindness and the attentional blink are behavioral deficits in the identification of items during rapid serial visual presentation at varying delays after identifying the first "target." Here we propose that both of these effects are explained by rational inference given prior expectations about the timing of task-relevant world transitions. While such expectations would be helpful in the natural world, they may result in unanticipated biases in laboratory settings. We show that a rational model using prior expectations of the timing of task-relevant information captures the basic repetition blindness and the attentional blink effects, and also the specific distributions of errors made during the attentional blink.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Rieth, C.
Secondary author(s):
Vul, E.
Document type:
Conference paper
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Reith, C. A., & Vul, E. (2012). Expectations about the temporal structure of the world result in the aAttentional blink and repetition blindness. In N. Miyake, D. Peebles, & R. P. Cooper (Eds.), Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 929-934). Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Attentional blink / Repetition blindness / Attention / Computational model / Bayesian model

Expectations about the temporal structure of the world result in the aAttentional blink and repetition blindness

Expectations about the temporal structure of the world result in the aAttentional blink and repetition blindness

DocumentSources of uncertainty in intuitive physics2013

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
141 - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty
Duration: 2009-10 - 2013-11
Researcher(s):
Edward Vul, Nancy Kanwisher, Joshua Tenenbaum
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Language: eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Kanwisher, N., Tenenbaum, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Cognitive processes / Perception / Attention / Decision-making / Brain structure and function / Body structure and function / Vision

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141.06
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
Sources of uncertainty in intuitive physics
Publication year: 2013
URL:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23335579
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Recent work suggests that people predict how objects interact in a manner consistent with Newtonian physics, but with additional uncertainty. However, the sources of uncertainty have not been examined. In this study, we measure perceptual noise in initial conditions and stochasticity in the physical model used to make predictions. Participants predicted the trajectory of a moving object through occluded motion and bounces, and we compared their behavior to an ideal observer model. We found that human judgments cannot be captured by simple heuristics and must incorporate noisy dynamics. Moreover, these judgments are biased consistently with a prior expectation on object destinations, suggesting that people use simple expectations about outcomes to compensate for uncertainty about their physical models.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Smith, K.
Secondary author(s):
Vul, E.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Percentiles:
5
Reference:
Smith, K., & Vul, E. (2013). Sources of uncertainty in intuitive physics. Topics in Cognitive Science, 5(1), 185-199. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12009
2-year Impact Factor: 1.539|2013
Times cited: 51|2024-02-02
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q3
Keywords: Intuitive physics / Stochastic stimulation / Uncertainty / Probabilistic inference

Novo ficheiro

Novo ficheiro

DocumentPure Reasoning in 12-Month-Old Infants as Probabilistic Inference2011

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
141 - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty
Duration: 2009-10 - 2013-11
Researcher(s):
Edward Vul, Nancy Kanwisher, Joshua Tenenbaum
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Language: eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Kanwisher, N., Tenenbaum, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Cognitive processes / Perception / Attention / Decision-making / Brain structure and function / Body structure and function / Vision

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141.07
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
Pure Reasoning in 12-Month-Old Infants as Probabilistic Inference
Publication year: 2011
URL:
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/332/6033/1054.abstract
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Many organisms can predict future events from the statistics of past experience, but humans also excel at making predictions by pure reasoning: integrating multiple sources of information, guided by abstract knowledge, to form rational expectations about novel situations, never directly experienced. Here, we show that this reasoning is surprisingly rich, powerful, and coherent even in preverbal infants. When 12-month-old infants view complex displays of multiple moving objects, they form time-varying expectations about future events that are a systematic and rational function of several stimulus variables. Infants’ looking times are consistent with a Bayesian ideal observer embodying abstract principles of object motion. The model explains infants’ statistical expectations and classic qualitative findings about object cognition in younger babies, not originally viewed as probabilistic inferences.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Téglás, E.
Secondary author(s):
Vul, E., Girotto, V., Gonzalez, M., Tenenbaum, J., Luca, L.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Téglás, E., Vul, E., Girotto, V., Gonzalez, M., Tenenbaum, J., & Luca, L. (2011). Pure Reasoning in 12-Month-Old Infants as Probabilistic Inference. Science, 332(6033), 1054-1059. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1196404
2-year Impact Factor: 31.201|2011
Times cited: 179|2024-02-01
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Infant / Probabilistic inference / Bayesian model / Reasoning

Novo ficheiro

Novo ficheiro

DocumentMultiply-constrained semantic search in the Remote Associates Test2013

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
141 - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty
Duration: 2009-10 - 2013-11
Researcher(s):
Edward Vul, Nancy Kanwisher, Joshua Tenenbaum
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Language: eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Kanwisher, N., Tenenbaum, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Cognitive processes / Perception / Attention / Decision-making / Brain structure and function / Body structure and function / Vision

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141.08
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
Multiply-constrained semantic search in the Remote Associates Test
Publication year: 2013
URL:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23587845
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Many important problems require consideration of multiple constraints, such as choosing a job based on salary, location, and responsibilities. We used the Remote Associates Test to study how people solve such multiply-constrained problems by asking participants to make guesses as they came to mind. We evaluated how people generated these guesses by using Latent Semantic Analysis to measure the similarity between the guesses, cues, and answers. We found that people use two systematic strategies to solve multiply-constrained problems: (a) people produce guesses primarily on the basis of just one of the three cues at a time; and (b) people adopt a local search strategy--they make new guesses based in part on their previous guesses. These results inform how people combine constraints to search through and retrieve semantic information from memory.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Smith, K.
Secondary author(s):
Huber, D., Vul, E.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Percentiles:
4
Reference:
Smith, K., Huber, D., & Vul, E. (2013). Multiply-constrained semantic search in the Remote Associates Test. Cognition, 128(1), 64-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2013.03.001
2-year Impact Factor: 3.634|2013
Times cited: 82|2024-02-02
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Multiply-constrained problems / Semantic retrieval / Semantic search / Problem-solving / Remote associates test

Novo ficheiro

Novo ficheiro

DocumentSlow drift of individuals’ magnitude-to-number mapping2013

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
141 - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty
Duration: 2009-10 - 2013-11
Researcher(s):
Edward Vul, Nancy Kanwisher, Joshua Tenenbaum
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Language: eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Kanwisher, N., Tenenbaum, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Cognitive processes / Perception / Attention / Decision-making / Brain structure and function / Body structure and function / Vision

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141.09
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
Slow drift of individuals’ magnitude-to-number mapping
Publication year: 2013
Institution(s):
http://mindmodeling.org/cogsci2013/papers/0658/paper0658.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
When estimating the number of dots in a set, adults show bias and variability that scale with numerosity. Increasing variance in estimation is thought to reflect constant Weber noise on perceptual magnitude representations, while the increasing bias reflects miscalibrated mappings of number words onto magnitudes. Here we argue that response variability in numerical estimation increases with numerosity in part due to uncertainty and slow drift in the mapping of numbers onto magnitudes. We show that individuals' number-to-magnitude mapping functions drift slowly over the course of the experiment, with a shared-variance half-life of over 100 trials ($\sim 10$ min). We thus propose a model that treats the word-to-magnitude mapping function as a major source of estimation variability, and that accounts for cross-subject differences in estimation bias and variability, as well as changes to estimation performance within a given subject over time. In doing so, we reconcile the existing literature on the sources of estimation variability, and provide evidence that uncertainty in the word-to-magnitude mapping function is a key limiting factor in estimation performance.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Barner, D., Sullivan, J.
Document type:
Conference paper
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Vul, E., Sullivan, J., & Barner, D. (2013). Slow drift of individuals magnitude-to-number mapping. In M. Knauff, M. Pauen, N. Sebanz, & I. Wachsmuth (Eds.), Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meetings of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 3717-3722). Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Approximate number / Number words / Numerical estimation

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Novo ficheiro

DocumentData-driven functional clustering reveals dominance of face, place, and body selectivity in the ventral visual pathway2012

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
141 - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty
Duration: 2009-10 - 2013-11
Researcher(s):
Edward Vul, Nancy Kanwisher, Joshua Tenenbaum
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Language: eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Kanwisher, N., Tenenbaum, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Cognitive processes / Perception / Attention / Decision-making / Brain structure and function / Body structure and function / Vision

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141.10
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
Data-driven functional clustering reveals dominance of face, place, and body selectivity in the ventral visual pathway
Publication year: 2012
URL:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22745467
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Regions selective for faces, places, and bodies feature prominently in the literature on the human ventral visual pathway. Are selectivities for these categories in fact the most robust response profiles in this pathway, or is their prominence an artifact of biased sampling of the hypothesis space in prior work? Here we use a data-driven structure discovery method that avoids the assumptions built into most prior work by 1) giving equal consideration to all possible response profiles over the conditions tested, 2) relaxing implicit anatomical constraints (that important functional profiles should manifest themselves in spatially contiguous voxels arising in similar locations across subjects), and 3) testing for dominant response profiles over images, rather than categories, thus enabling us to discover, rather than presume, the categories respected by the brain. Even with these assumptions relaxed, face, place, and body selectivity emerge as dominant in the ventral stream.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Lashkari, D., Hsieh, P.-J., Golland, P., Kanwisher, N.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Vul, E., Lashkari, D., Hsieh, P.-J., Golland, P., Kanwisher, N. (2012). Data-driven functional clustering reveals dominance of face, place, and body selectivity in the ventral visual pathway. Journal of Neurophysiology, 108(8), 2306-2322. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00354.2011
2-year Impact Factor: 3.301|2012
Times cited: 16|2024-02-01
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q2
Keywords: Cluster analysis / Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) / Object recognition / Vision

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DocumentOptimal models of human multiple-target visual search2011

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pastas 1 a
Title:
2008 Grants
Start date: 2009-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
141 - Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Conscious and Unconscious Decisions Under Uncertainty
Duration: 2009-10 - 2013-11
Researcher(s):
Edward Vul, Nancy Kanwisher, Joshua Tenenbaum
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Bursary agreement
Application form
Correspondence
Financial report and expenditure documents
Language: eng
Author:
Vul, E.
Secondary author(s):
Kanwisher, N., Tenenbaum, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Psychophysiology / Cognitive processes / Perception / Attention / Decision-making / Brain structure and function / Body structure and function / Vision

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2008-141.11
Location: Arquivo PCA - Pasta 18/2008
Title:
Optimal models of human multiple-target visual search
Publication year: 2011
URL:
http://mindmodeling.org/cogsci2011/papers/0038/paper0038.pdf
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Unlike laboratory experiments, real-world visual search can contain multiple targets. Searching for an unknown number of targets creates a unique set of challenges for the observer, and often produces serious errors. We propose a Bayesian optimal foraging model to predict and describe behavior in such search scenarios, and investigate whether people adapt their search strategies based on complex statistics of target distributions. Separate groups searched arrays drawn from three target distributions with the same average number of targets per display, but different target-clustering properties. As predicted, participants searched longer when they expected more targets to remain and adjusted their expectations as searches unfolded, indicating that searchers are sensitive to the target distribution, consistent with both an optimal foraging framework and an ideal Bayesian observer. However, compared to the ideal observers, searchers systematically under-adjusted to the target distribution, suggesting that training could improve multiple-target search in radiology and other crucial applications.
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Cain, M.
Secondary author(s):
Vul, E., Clark, K., Mitroff, S.
Document type:
Conference paper
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Cain, M., Clark, K., Mitroff, S., & Vul, E. (2011). Slow drift of individuals magnitude-to-number mapping. In L. Carlson, C. Hoelscher, & T. F. Shipley (Eds.), Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 184-189). Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Visual search / Optimal foraging theory / Bayesian modeling