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BIAL Foundation
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File251 - Signal or noise? Using a psychophysical approach to investigate the effects of attention and neurofeedback training on electrocortical predictive anticipatory2015-042024-01

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2014 Grants
Start date: 2015-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-251
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
251 - Signal or noise? Using a psychophysical approach to investigate the effects of attention and neurofeedback training on electrocortical predictive anticipatory
Duration: 2015-04 - 2024-01
Researcher(s):
Michael Franklin, Jonathn Schooler, Stephen Baumgart
Institution(s): Department of Psychology and Brain Sciences, University of California at Santa Barbara (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress Report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Franklin, M.
Secondary author(s):
Schooler, J. W., Baumgart, S.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Presentiment / Psychophysics / Retrocausality / EEG / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology
DocumentEntertaining without endorsing: The case for the scientific investigation of anomalous cognition2018

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2014 Grants
Start date: 2015-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-251
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
251 - Signal or noise? Using a psychophysical approach to investigate the effects of attention and neurofeedback training on electrocortical predictive anticipatory
Duration: 2015-04 - 2024-01
Researcher(s):
Michael Franklin, Jonathn Schooler, Stephen Baumgart
Institution(s): Department of Psychology and Brain Sciences, University of California at Santa Barbara (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress Report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Franklin, M.
Secondary author(s):
Schooler, J. W., Baumgart, S.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Presentiment / Psychophysics / Retrocausality / EEG / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-251.03
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Entertaining without endorsing: The case for the scientific investigation of anomalous cognition
Publication year: 2018
URL:
http://psycnet.apa.org/buy/2018-13946-002
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Empirical reports in mainstream journals that human cognition extends in ways that challenge the current boundaries of science (anomalous cognition) has been viewed with dismay by many who see it as evidence that science is broken. Here the authors make the case for the value of conducting and publishing well-designed studies investigating anomalous cognition. They distinguish between the criteria that justify entertaining the possibility of anomalous cognition from those required to endorse it as a bona fide phenomenon. In evaluating these 2 distinct thresholds, the authors draw on Bayes’s theorem to argue that scientists may reasonably differ in their appraisals of the likelihood that anomalous cognition is possible. Although individual scientists may usefully vary in the criteria that they hold both for entertaining and endorsing anomalous cognition, we provide arguments for why researchers should consider adopting a liberal criterion for entertaining anomalous cognition while maintaining a very strict criterion for the outright endorsement of its existence. Grounded in an understanding of the justifiability of disparate views on the topic, the authors encourage humility on both the part of those who present evidence in support of anomalous cognition and those who dispute the merit of its investigation.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Schooler, J. W.
Secondary author(s):
Baumgart, S., Franklin, M.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
Schooler, J. W., Baumgart, S., & Franklin, M. (2018). Entertaining without endorsing: The case for the scientific investigation of anomalous cognition. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice, 5(1), 63–77. https://doi.org/10.1037/cns0000151
2-year Impact Factor: N/A
Impact factor notes: Impact factor only available since 2022
Times cited: N/A
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: N/A
Keywords: Psi / Precognition / Consciousness / Anomalous cognition / Bayes’s theorem
DocumentFinal report - Signal or noise? Using a psychophysical approach to investigate the effects of attention and neurofeedback training on electrocortical predictive anticipatory2024

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2014 Grants
Start date: 2015-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-251
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
251 - Signal or noise? Using a psychophysical approach to investigate the effects of attention and neurofeedback training on electrocortical predictive anticipatory
Duration: 2015-04 - 2024-01
Researcher(s):
Michael Franklin, Jonathn Schooler, Stephen Baumgart
Institution(s): Department of Psychology and Brain Sciences, University of California at Santa Barbara (USA)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress Report
Final report
Language: eng
Author:
Franklin, M.
Secondary author(s):
Schooler, J. W., Baumgart, S.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Presentiment / Psychophysics / Retrocausality / EEG / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-251.01
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Final report - Signal or noise? Using a psychophysical approach to investigate the effects of attention and neurofeedback training on electrocortical predictive anticipatory
Publication year: 2024
Abstract/Results:
ABSTRACT:
Background
In the past two decades physiological experiments have been finding changes in physiological conditions preceding randomly selected stimuli, stimuli for which a participant could have no causal method for guessing correctly, either consciously or unconsciously.
Aims
This study aimed to investigate pre-stimulus effects before randomly generated stimuli using EEG with an eventual goal of making a predictive system. The hypothesis was that post-stimulus effects would be reflected pre-stimulus but at a much smaller effect size.
Method
Data were collected from 102 participants using a 32-channel EEG system using water-based electrodes. There were two experiments: 1) 1/3 probability of each of a light stimulus, sound stimulus, and null stimulus and 2) 1/2 probability of a combined light and sound stimulus and a null stimulus, further divided into a set where the participant presses any key and a set where they do not.
Results
A borderline (p = 0.05) significant result was found using the Euclidean distance classifier for the experiment 1 sound stimulus versus null stimulus comparison but only before the Bonferroni multiple analyses correction.
Significant changes in 10 Hz spectral power density were found for the experiment 1 sound versus null comparison (p = 0.021) and the experiment 2 combined versus null comparison without key press required (p = 0.0024). The former was in the expected direction (decrease) while the latter was in the opposite direction (increase).
Conclusions
The strongest result was a pre-stimulus enhancement of alpha waves before a combined light-sound stimulus when compared to the null condition. However, this effect was in the direction opposite that predicted by hypothesis.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Baumgart, S.
Secondary author(s):
Franklin, M.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
Baumgart, S., & Franklin, M. (2024). Final report - Signal or noise? Using a psychophysical approach to investigate the effects of attention and neurofeedback training on electrocortical predictive anticipatory.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Anticipatory activity / Precognition / Electroencephalogram (EEG) / Alpha wave / Euclidean distance