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File430 - Psychophysiological Detection of Feigned Memory Complaint2016-052023-11

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2014 Grants
Start date: 2015-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-430
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
430 - Psychophysiological Detection of Feigned Memory Complaint
Duration: 2016-05 - 2023-11
Researcher(s):
Sara Marta Pereira dos Santos Cavaco, Filomena Maria Correia Gomes
Institution(s): Centro Hospitalar do Porto - Hospital Santo António (Portugal); Faculdade de Medicina do Porto (Portugal)
Abstract/Results: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Cavaco, S.
Secondary author(s):
Gomes, F.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Feigning / Malingering / Effort / Deception / Psychophysiology
DocumentBehavioral and physiological markers of feigned memory impairment2018

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2014 Grants
Start date: 2015-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-430
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
430 - Psychophysiological Detection of Feigned Memory Complaint
Duration: 2016-05 - 2023-11
Researcher(s):
Sara Marta Pereira dos Santos Cavaco, Filomena Maria Correia Gomes
Institution(s): Centro Hospitalar do Porto - Hospital Santo António (Portugal); Faculdade de Medicina do Porto (Portugal)
Abstract/Results: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Cavaco, S.
Secondary author(s):
Gomes, F.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Feigning / Malingering / Effort / Deception / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-430.02
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Behavioral and physiological markers of feigned memory impairment
Publication year: 2018
Abstract/Results:
ABSTRACT:
Background and aims: The detection of malingering in cognitive performance is an important clinical challenge. The study goal is to explore behavioral and physiological responses in a performance validity test under normal vs. feigning conditions.
Methods: Twenty healthy women (mean age=32±6; mean education=17±1) recruited in the community performed a digital version of Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) adapted for eye-tracking recording (iView X™ Hi-Speed 1250 System). Half performed TOMM under normal effort and half were instructed to feign memory impairment as if they were in the initial stages of dementia to receive retirement or disability benefits. Number of correct responses (CR), response time (RT), and fixation time (FT) in old vs. new stimuli were recorded. Mann-Whitney test were used for group comparisons and ROC curves were applied for diagnostic test evaluation.
Results: The feigning group produced fewer CR on both evaluation trials and retention trial (p<0.001), had longer RT on evaluation 1 (p=0.007) and 2 (p=0.004), and had shorter total FT (during the 3 seconds visualization period prior to RT) in old stimuli during evaluation 1 (p=0.013) and 2 (p=0.019). No significant other group differences (p>0.05) were identified regarding RT, first FT, and total FT. ROC curves revealed that behavioral measures (CR and RT) had AUC >0.9 on both evaluation trials and that the AUC for total FT was 0.8 on both evaluation trials.
Conclusion: Healthy individuals feigning memory impairment have a distinct behavioral and physiological response pattern, reflecting an increased effort to inhibit a natural response.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Catronas, D.
Secondary author(s):
Gomes, F., Rosa, B., Cavaco, S.
Document type:
Abstract
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Catronas, D., Gomes, F., Rosa, B., & Cavaco, S. (2018). Behavioral and physiological markers of feigned memory impairment. European Journal of Neurology, 25 (Suppl. 2), 292.
Indexed document: Yes

Behavioral and physiological markers of feigned memory impairment

Behavioral and physiological markers of feigned memory impairment
DocumentPredictors of cognitive dysfunction one-year post COVID-192023

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2014 Grants
Start date: 2015-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-430
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
430 - Psychophysiological Detection of Feigned Memory Complaint
Duration: 2016-05 - 2023-11
Researcher(s):
Sara Marta Pereira dos Santos Cavaco, Filomena Maria Correia Gomes
Institution(s): Centro Hospitalar do Porto - Hospital Santo António (Portugal); Faculdade de Medicina do Porto (Portugal)
Abstract/Results: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Cavaco, S.
Secondary author(s):
Gomes, F.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Feigning / Malingering / Effort / Deception / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-430.03
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Predictors of cognitive dysfunction one-year post COVID-19
Publication year: 2023
URL:
https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2023-34997-001
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Objectives:
(a) To characterize the frequency of objective cognitive deficits and self-perceived cognitive difficulties and (b) to explore demographic and clinical predictors of cognitive dysfunction and cognitive complaints.
Method:
One hundred and ten adults diagnosed with COVID-19 between March and November 2020, aged = 74 years underwent a brief neuropsychological evaluation 12 months after infection, which included: Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised, California Verbal Learning Test, and Symbol Digit Modalities Test. T scores < 38 were considered abnormal performance; cognitive dysfunction was defined as = 2 abnormal tests. Participants also completed Broadbent's Cognitive Failure Questionnaires (CFQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Modified Fatigue Impact Scale, and Short-Form Health Survey. CFQ = 43 was considered indicative of cognitive complaints.
Results:
Twenty participants (18.2%) had cognitive dysfunction and 36 (33.3%) had cognitive complaints. Cognitive dysfunction was related to lower education, preinfection history of headache/migraine, and acute COVID-19 symptoms of headache and sleep disturbance. Cognitive complaints were more likely to occur in women, those with fewer years of education, and acute COVID-19 symptoms of headache and sleep disturbance. Cognitive complaints were also significantly related to symptoms of anxiety, depression, and fatigue. Sex and psychopathology were not significant predictors of cognitive dysfunction. Modest associations were found between CFQ total score and cognitive test performance.
Discussion:
A subset of individuals develops cognitive difficulties in the context of post-COVID syndrome. Results may support the protective effect of education, a known proxy of cognitive reserve. COVID-19 infection symptoms of headache and sleep disturbance appear to be risk factors for long-term cognitive difficulties.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Cavaco, S.
Secondary author(s):
Sousa, G., Gonçalves, A., Dias, A., Andrade, C., Pereira, D., Aires, E. A., Moura, J., Silva, L., Varela, R., Malheiro, S., Oliveira, V., Teixeira-Pinto, A., Maia, L. F., Correia, M.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Cavaco, S., Sousa, G., Gonçalves, A., Dias, A., Andrade, C., Pereira, D., Aires, E. A., Moura, J., Silva, L., Varela, R., Malheiro, S., Oliveira, V., Teixeira-Pinto, A., Maia, L. F., & Correia, M. (2023). Predictors of cognitive dysfunction one-year post COVID-19. Neuropsychology, 37(5), 557–567. https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0000876
2-year Impact Factor: 2.6|2023
Times cited: 22|2025-02-18
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q3
Keywords: COVID-19 / Cognitive dysfunction / Sleep disturbance / Headache / Cognitive reserve
DocumentFinal report - Psychophysiological Detection of Feigned Memory Complaint2023

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2014 Grants
Start date: 2015-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-430
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
430 - Psychophysiological Detection of Feigned Memory Complaint
Duration: 2016-05 - 2023-11
Researcher(s):
Sara Marta Pereira dos Santos Cavaco, Filomena Maria Correia Gomes
Institution(s): Centro Hospitalar do Porto - Hospital Santo António (Portugal); Faculdade de Medicina do Porto (Portugal)
Abstract/Results: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Cavaco, S.
Secondary author(s):
Gomes, F.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Feigning / Malingering / Effort / Deception / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-430.01
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Final report - Psychophysiological Detection of Feigned Memory Complaint
Publication year: 2023
Abstract/Results:
ABSTRACT:
Background
Detecting malingering in cognitive performance is an important clinical challenge in neuropsychological assessment.
Aims
To explore behavioral and oculomotor responses during the performance of a computerized version of the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM-C) under normal vs. feigning conditions.
Method
TOMM-C with eye-tracking recording was performed by 60 healthy individuals (31 under normal effort – NE; and 29 were instructed to feign memory impairment: 21 Naïve Malingerers – NM and 8 Coached Malingerers – CM) and 14 patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and memory complaints performed. Number of correct responses, response time, number of fixations, and fixation time in old vs. new stimuli were recorded. Nonparametric tests were applied for group comparison.
Results
NM produced fewer correct responses and had longer response times in comparison to NE on all three trials. NE showed more fixations and longer fixation time on previously presented stimuli (i.e., familiarity preference) specially on Trial 1, whereas NM had more fixations and longer fixation time on new stimuli (i.e., novelty preference) specially in the Retention trial. MS patients produced longer response time and had a different fixation pattern than NE subjects. No behavioral or oculomotor difference was observed between NM and CM.
Conclusions
Healthy malingerers have a distinct behavioral and oculomotor response pattern, reflecting an increased effort to inhibit a natural response. Oculomotor measures may be useful to detect exaggeration or fabrication of cognitive dysfunction. Though, its application in clinical populations may be limited.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Cavaco, S.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Cavaco, S. (2023). Final report - Psychophysiological Detection of Feigned Memory Complaint.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Malingering / Novelty preference / Eye-tracking / Performance validity tests

Final report - Psychophysiological Detection of Feigned Memory Complaint

Final report - Psychophysiological Detection of Feigned Memory Complaint
DocumentThe puzzling effect of education on malingering2023

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2014 Grants
Start date: 2015-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-430
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
430 - Psychophysiological Detection of Feigned Memory Complaint
Duration: 2016-05 - 2023-11
Researcher(s):
Sara Marta Pereira dos Santos Cavaco, Filomena Maria Correia Gomes
Institution(s): Centro Hospitalar do Porto - Hospital Santo António (Portugal); Faculdade de Medicina do Porto (Portugal)
Abstract/Results: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Cavaco, S.
Secondary author(s):
Gomes, F.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Feigning / Malingering / Effort / Deception / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-430.04
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
The puzzling effect of education on malingering
Publication year: 2023
URL:
https://www.uceditora.ucp.pt/pt/estudos-em-homenagem/3262-unravelling-neurosciences-today.html
Accessibility: Document does not exist in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Gomes, F.
Secondary author(s):
Ferreira, I., Cavaco, S.
Document type:
Book chapter
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Gomes, F., Ferreira, I., & Cavaco, S. (2023). The puzzling effect of education on malingering. In A. Mineiro, A. Medina de Almeida, M. Vieira, & M. Barros (Org), “Unravelling Neurosciences Today: livro em homenagem ao Professor Doutor Alexandre Castro Caldas”. (pp. 218-227) Lisboa, Portugal: UCP Editora.
Indexed document: No
DocumentUsing behavior and eye-fixations to detect feigned memory impairment2024

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2014 Grants
Start date: 2015-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-430
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
430 - Psychophysiological Detection of Feigned Memory Complaint
Duration: 2016-05 - 2023-11
Researcher(s):
Sara Marta Pereira dos Santos Cavaco, Filomena Maria Correia Gomes
Institution(s): Centro Hospitalar do Porto - Hospital Santo António (Portugal); Faculdade de Medicina do Porto (Portugal)
Abstract/Results: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Cavaco, S.
Secondary author(s):
Gomes, F.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Feigning / Malingering / Effort / Deception / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-430.05
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Using behavior and eye-fixations to detect feigned memory impairment
Publication year: 2024
URL:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1395434
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Background: Detecting invalid cognitive performance is an important clinical challenge in neuropsychological assessment. The aim of this study was to explore behavior and eye-fixations responses during the performance of a computerized version of the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM-C) under standard vs. feigning conditions.
Participants and methods: TOMM-C with eye-tracking recording was performed by 60 healthy individuals (31 with standard instruction – SI; and 29 were instructed to feign memory impairment: 21 Naïve Simulators – NS and 8 Coached Simulators – CS) and 14 patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and memory complaints performed. Number of correct responses, response time, number of fixations, and fixation time in old vs. new stimuli were recorded. Nonparametric tests were applied for group comparison.
Results: NS produced fewer correct responses and had longer response times in comparison to SI on all three trials. SI showed more fixations and longer fixation time on previously presented stimuli (i.e., familiarity preference) specially on Trial 1, whereas NS had more fixations and longer fixation time on new stimuli (i.e., novelty preference) specially in the Retention trial. MS patients produced longer response time and had a different fixation pattern than SI subjects. No behavioral or oculomotor difference was observed between NS and CS.
Conclusion: Healthy simulators have a distinct behavioral and eye-fixation response pattern, reflecting a novelty preference. Oculomotor measures may be useful to detect exaggeration or fabrication of cognitive dysfunction. Though, its application in clinical populations may be limited.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Gomes, F.
Secondary author(s):
Ferreira, I., Rosa, B., Martins da Silva, A., Cavaco, S.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Gomes, F., Ferreira, I., Rosa, B., Martins da Silva, A., & Cavaco, S. (2024). Using behavior and eye-fixations to detect feigned memory impairment. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1395434. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1395434
2-year Impact Factor: 2.6|2023
Impact factor notes: Impact factor not available yet for 2024
Times cited: 0|2025-02-19
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q2
Keywords: Malingering / Novelty preference / Familiarity preference / Eye-tracking / Performance validity tests

Using behavior and eye-fixations to detect feigned memory impairment

Using behavior and eye-fixations to detect feigned memory impairment
DocumentLong-term persistent headache after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A follow-up population-based study2025

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2014 Grants
Start date: 2015-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-430
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
430 - Psychophysiological Detection of Feigned Memory Complaint
Duration: 2016-05 - 2023-11
Researcher(s):
Sara Marta Pereira dos Santos Cavaco, Filomena Maria Correia Gomes
Institution(s): Centro Hospitalar do Porto - Hospital Santo António (Portugal); Faculdade de Medicina do Porto (Portugal)
Abstract/Results: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Cavaco, S.
Secondary author(s):
Gomes, F.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Feigning / Malingering / Effort / Deception / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2014-430.06
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Long-term persistent headache after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A follow-up population-based study
Publication year: 2025
URL:
https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.70130
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Background
Headache is a symptom of the long-COVID syndrome. The incidence and characteristics of de novo post-COVID headaches remain unclear. Our aim was to characterize new-onset headaches in a population-based prospective cohort of COVID-19 patients from the first pandemic wave.
Methods
This study followed a prospective cohort of 732 COVID-19 patients consecutively diagnosed between March and June 2020. Neurological follow-up was performed face-to-face or by phone at 3, 12, and 24 months. A structured clinical questionnaire was used to characterize headaches before infection and 24 months postinfection.
Results
Overall, 448 patients completed the 24-month follow-up, with a mean age of 51.6 years at SARS-CoV-2 infection; 272 (60.7%) were women. A prior history of headaches was reported by 115 (25.7%). Patients with either pre-existing or de novo persistent headaches were younger, more often women, and exhibited hyposmia, hypogeusia, and headache during the acute phase of infection. De novo persistent headaches occurred in 54 of 333 (16.2%) headache-naïve patients. Of these, 35 (64.8%) fulfilled migraine-like headache (MLH) criteria (mean age of 49.1 years at 24-month follow-up), with a cumulative incidence of 42/1000/year.
Conclusions
De novo persistent headaches are common 2 years after COVID-19, with MLH being the most frequent type. MLH incidence after COVID-19 is elevated and de novo “migraineurs-like” tend to be older compared to the general population. This is an important finding with potential implications for healthcare and quality of life, considering the high number of COVID-19 cases and the global burden of migraine.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Silva, L.
Secondary author(s):
Fernandes, J., Lopes, R., Costa, S., Malheiro, S., Aires, E., Pereira, D., Fonte, J., Dias, A., Oliveira, V., Cavaco, S., Magalhães, R., Correia, M., Andrade, C., Maia, L. F.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Silva, L., Fernandes, J., Lopes, R., Costa, S., Malheiro, S., Aires, E., Pereira, D., Fonte, J., Dias, A., Oliveira, V., Cavaco, S., Magalhães, R., Correia, M., Andrade, C., & Maia, L. F. (2025). Long-term persistent headache after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A follow-up population-based study. European Journal of Neurology, 32, e70130. https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.70130
2-year Impact Factor: 4.5|2023
Impact factor notes: Impact factor not available yet for 2025
Times cited: 0|2025-06-17
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: COVID-19 / Headache / Incidence / Migraine

Long-term persistent headache after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A follow-up population-based study

Long-term persistent headache after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A follow-up population-based study