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File076 - Unleashing the hidden powers of the mind through manipulating belief in cognitive enhancement devices2017-032022-10

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-076
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
076 - Unleashing the hidden powers of the mind through manipulating belief in cognitive enhancement devices
Duration: 2017-03 - 2022-10
Researcher(s):
Michiel van Elk, Uffe Schjoedt, Marcel Brass
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands); School of Culture and Society - Department of the Study of Religion, University of Arhus (Denmark)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress Report
Final Report
Articles
Author: van Elk, M.
Secondary author(s):
Schjoedt, U., Brass, M.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Cognitive Enhancement / Brain stimulation / Prior expectations / Predictive Processing / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology
DocumentGetting absorbed in experimentally induced extraordinary experiences: Effects of placebo brain stimulation on agency detection2018

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-076
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
076 - Unleashing the hidden powers of the mind through manipulating belief in cognitive enhancement devices
Duration: 2017-03 - 2022-10
Researcher(s):
Michiel van Elk, Uffe Schjoedt, Marcel Brass
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands); School of Culture and Society - Department of the Study of Religion, University of Arhus (Denmark)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress Report
Final Report
Articles
Author: van Elk, M.
Secondary author(s):
Schjoedt, U., Brass, M.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Cognitive Enhancement / Brain stimulation / Prior expectations / Predictive Processing / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-076.02
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Getting absorbed in experimentally induced extraordinary experiences: Effects of placebo brain stimulation on agency detection
Publication year: 2018
URL:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810017306050
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Previous work demonstrated that placebo brain stimulation can function as an experimental tool to elicit mystical and quasi-mystical (i.e., extraordinary) experiences. However, it has not yet been investigated whether these effects result from mere sensory deprivation and individual differences in suggestibility, or whether expectancy manipulations are crucial in eliciting these effects. In this study, we showed that extraordinary experiences could be systematically manipulated by means of an expectancy manipulation using a within-subjects design, while controlling for suggestibility effects. We further observed that participants' score on the Tellegen absorption scale, an individual difference measure reflecting people's propensity to get immersed in external stimuli or mental imagery, is related to the frequency and intensity of such experiences. Finally, we investigated the relationship between extraordinary experiences and agency detection, which has been hypothesized to be associated to supernatural beliefs and experiences. The experimental induction of extraordinary experiences did not result in increased agency detection.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
Maij, D. L.
Secondary author(s):
van Elk, M.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
Maij, D. L. R., & van Elk, M. (2018). Getting absorbed in experimentally induced extraordinary experiences: Effects of placebo brain stimulation on agency detection. Consciousness and Cognition, 6: 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2018.09.010
2-year Impact Factor: 1.855|2018
Times cited: 23|2025-02-11
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q3
Keywords: God helmet / Neuroenchantment / Extraordinary experiences / Agency detection / Absorption
DocumentSocio-cognitive biases are associated to belief in neuromyths and cognitive enhancement: A pre-registered study2019

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-076
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
076 - Unleashing the hidden powers of the mind through manipulating belief in cognitive enhancement devices
Duration: 2017-03 - 2022-10
Researcher(s):
Michiel van Elk, Uffe Schjoedt, Marcel Brass
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands); School of Culture and Society - Department of the Study of Religion, University of Arhus (Denmark)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress Report
Final Report
Articles
Author: van Elk, M.
Secondary author(s):
Schjoedt, U., Brass, M.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Cognitive Enhancement / Brain stimulation / Prior expectations / Predictive Processing / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-076.03
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Socio-cognitive biases are associated to belief in neuromyths and cognitive enhancement: A pre-registered study
Publication year: 2019
URL:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886919302375
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT
This study identified the psychological and cognitive factors that predispose people to believe in neuromyths (e.g., the belief that we only use 10% of our brain) and in cognitive enhancement (e.g., the belief that brain stimulation devices can enhance cognition). A new scale to measure belief in neuromyths and cognitive enhancement was developed and validated. Belief in neuromyths was related to a more intuitive (compared to an analytical) thinking style, a stronger need for cognitive closure, a simpler view of epistemic cognition, endorsement of a fixed mindset, and it was inversely related to scientific literacy. Belief in cognitive enhancement was specifically related to the endorsement of a growth mindset. No clear effect of the presence or absence of brain pictures on credibility ratings for neuroscientific explanations and intuitive thinking was found. These findings suggest that belief in neuromyths and cognitive enhancement is a multifaceted phenomenon and that interventions to foster public understanding of neuroscience could be aimed at affecting thinking styles.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Copyright/Reproduction:
By permission
Language:
eng
Author:
van Elk, M.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
van Elk, M. (2019). Socio-cognitive biases are associated to belief in neuromyths and cognitive enhancement: A pre-registered study. Personality and Individual Differences, 147, 28-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.04.014
2-year Impact Factor: 2.311|2019
Times cited: 15|2025-02-13
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q2
Keywords: Neuromyths / Cognitive enhancement / Cognitive biases / Brain pictures / Intuitive and analytical thinking
DocumentPlacebo brain stimulation affects subjective but not neurocognitive measures of error processing2020

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-076
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
076 - Unleashing the hidden powers of the mind through manipulating belief in cognitive enhancement devices
Duration: 2017-03 - 2022-10
Researcher(s):
Michiel van Elk, Uffe Schjoedt, Marcel Brass
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands); School of Culture and Society - Department of the Study of Religion, University of Arhus (Denmark)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress Report
Final Report
Articles
Author: van Elk, M.
Secondary author(s):
Schjoedt, U., Brass, M.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Cognitive Enhancement / Brain stimulation / Prior expectations / Predictive Processing / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-076.04
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Placebo brain stimulation affects subjective but not neurocognitive measures of error processing
Publication year: 2020
URL:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41465-020-00172-6
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
The aim of this preregistered EEG study was to show how expectations about enhanced or impaired performance through transcranial stimulation affect feelings of agency and error processing. Using a single-blind experimental design, participants (N?=?57) were attached to a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) device, and in different blocks, they were verbally instructed to expect enhanced or impaired cognitive performance, or no effects of the brain stimulation. In all cases, but unbeknownst to the participants, we used an inert sham tDCS protocol. Subsequently, we measured their response to errors on a cognitive control task. Our expectancy manipulation was successful: participants reported improved subjective performance in the enhancement compared with the impairment condition—even though objective performance was kept at a constant level across conditions. Participants reported the highest feelings of agency over their task performance in the control condition, and lowest feelings of agency in the impairment condition. The expectancy manipulation did not affect the error-related negativity (ERN) in association with incorrect responses. During the induction phase, expecting impaired versus enhanced performance increased frontal theta power, potentially reflecting a process of increased cognitive control allocation. Our findings show that verbally induced manipulations can affect subjective performance on a cognitive control task, but that stronger manipulations (e.g., through conditioning) are necessary to induce top-down effects on neural error processing.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
van Elk, M.
Secondary author(s):
Groenendijk, E., Hoogeveen, S.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
van Elk, M., Groenendijk, E., & Hoogeveen, S. (2020). Placebo brain stimulation affects subjective but not neurocognitive measures of error processing. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement, 4, 389-400. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-020-00172-6
2-year Impact Factor: 2.2|2022
Impact factor notes: Impact factor only available since 2022
Times cited: 7|2025-02-14
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q4
Keywords: Neuroenchantment / Brain stimulation / Error-related negativity / Feelings of agency

Placebo brain stimulation affects subjective but not neurocognitive measures of error processing

Placebo brain stimulation affects subjective but not neurocognitive measures of error processing
DocumentOn minimizing risk and harm in the use of psychedelics2025

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2016 Grants
Start date: 2017-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-076
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
076 - Unleashing the hidden powers of the mind through manipulating belief in cognitive enhancement devices
Duration: 2017-03 - 2022-10
Researcher(s):
Michiel van Elk, Uffe Schjoedt, Marcel Brass
Institution(s): Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands); School of Culture and Society - Department of the Study of Religion, University of Arhus (Denmark)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress Report
Final Report
Articles
Author: van Elk, M.
Secondary author(s):
Schjoedt, U., Brass, M.
Number of reproductions:
3
Keywords:
Cognitive Enhancement / Brain stimulation / Prior expectations / Predictive Processing / Psychophysiology and Parapsychology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2016-076.05
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
On minimizing risk and harm in the use of psychedelics
Publication year: 2025
URL:
https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.prcp.20240128
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Objective
This article outlines recommendations from 30 psychedelic researchers on how to create a better psychedelic safety net.
Methods
A survey of 30 psychedelic researchers asked them to identify key critical research gaps around psychedelic harm and safety.
Results
The critical research gaps identified by the authors included defining the main types of psychedelic harm, the predictors of those harms, and the most effective way to treat those harms. They also call for better support for those experiencing post-psychedelic difficulties, including better online information, peer support groups, affordable therapy, and psychiatric consultation and medication. Finally, the authors call for better funding to create a psychedelic safety net, and suggest psychedelic philanthropists, investors and companies could commit 1% of their investment in psychedelics into supporting safety measures such as research and support services.
Conclusions
The authors identify several practical steps to create a better psychedelic safety net and call for more funding to psychedelic safety measures such as research and support services.
Relevance to clinical practice
The authors outline important gaps in our knowledge around the safety and risk profile of psychedelic medicines and identify practical steps forward for researchers and clinical practitioners to make this promising field safer.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Evans, J.
Secondary author(s):
Aixalà, M., Anderson, B. T., Brennan, W., Bremler, R., Breeksema, J. J., Burback, L., Calder, A. E., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Cheung, K., Devenot, N., Gorman, I., Gren, J., Hendricks, P. S., Holoyda, B., Jacobs, E., Krecké, J., Kruger, D. J., Luke, D., Majic, T., McGuire, A. L., Mehtani, N. J., Mathai, D. S., Nash, K., Noorani, T.,, Palitsky, R., Robinson, O. C., Simonsson, O., Stahre, E., van Elk, M., Yaden, D. B.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
3
Reference:
Evans, J., Aixalà, M., Anderson, B. T., Brennan, W., Bremler, R., Breeksema, J. J., Burback, L., Calder, A. E., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Cheung, K., Devenot, N., Gorman, I., Gren, J., Hendricks, P. S., Holoyda, B., Jacobs, E., Krecké, J., Kruger, D. J., Luke, D., ... Yaden, D. B. (2025). On minimizing risk and harm in the use of psychedelics. Psychiatry Research: Clinical Practice. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.prcp.20240128
2-year Impact Factor: 2.0|2025
Impact factor notes: Impact factor not available yet for 2025
Times cited: 0|2025-03-07
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Psychedelics / Safety / Risk

On minimizing risk and harm in the use of psychedelics

On minimizing risk and harm in the use of psychedelics