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File149 - Uncertainty as an elicitor or modulator of emotion and associated psychophysiology2021-102023-05

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2020 Grants
Start date: 2021-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-149
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
149 - Uncertainty as an elicitor or modulator of emotion and associated psychophysiology
Duration: 2021-10 - 2023-05
Researcher(s):
Jayne Morriss
Institution(s): School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Morris, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Uncertainty / Emotion / Psychophysiology
DocumentUncertainty makes me emotional: Uncertainty as an elicitor and modulator of emotional states2022

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2020 Grants
Start date: 2021-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-149
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
149 - Uncertainty as an elicitor or modulator of emotion and associated psychophysiology
Duration: 2021-10 - 2023-05
Researcher(s):
Jayne Morriss
Institution(s): School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Morris, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Uncertainty / Emotion / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-149.02
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Uncertainty makes me emotional: Uncertainty as an elicitor and modulator of emotional states
Publication year: 2022
URL:
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.777025/full
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Uncertainty and emotion are an inevitable part of everyday life and play a vital role in mental health. Yet, our understanding of how uncertainty and emotion interact is limited. Here, an online survey was conducted (n = 231) to examine whether uncertainty evokes and modulates a range of negative and positive emotions. The data show that uncertainty is predominantly associated with negative emotional states such as fear/anxiety. However, uncertainty was also found to modulate a variety of other negative (i.e., sadness/upset, anger/frustration, and confusion) and positive (i.e., surprise/interest and excited/enthusiastic) emotional states, depending on the valence of an anticipated outcome (i.e., negative and positive) and the sub parameter of uncertainty (i.e., risk and ambiguity). Uncertainty increased the intensity of negative emotional states and decreased the intensity of positive emotional states. These findings support prior research suggesting that uncertainty is aversive and associated with negative emotional states such as fear and anxiety. However, the findings also revealed that uncertainty is involved in eliciting and modulating a wide array of emotional phenomena beyond fear and anxiety. This study highlights an opportunity for further study of how uncertainty and emotion interactions are conceptualised generally and in relation to mental health.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Morriss, J.
Secondary author(s):
Tupitsa, E., Dodd, H. F., Hirsch, C. R.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Morriss, J., Tupitsa, E., Dodd, H. F., & Hirsch, C. R. (2022). Uncertainty makes me emotional: Uncertainty as an elicitor and modulator of emotional states. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 777025. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.777025
2-year Impact Factor: 3.800|2022
Times cited: 37|2025-09-24
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Uncertainty / Risk / Ambiguity / Emotion / Negative / Positive

Uncertainty makes me emotional: Uncertainty as an elicitor and modulator of emotional states

Uncertainty makes me emotional: Uncertainty as an elicitor and modulator of emotional states
DocumentIntolerance of uncertainty heightens negative emotional states and dampens positive emotional states2023

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2020 Grants
Start date: 2021-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-149
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
149 - Uncertainty as an elicitor or modulator of emotion and associated psychophysiology
Duration: 2021-10 - 2023-05
Researcher(s):
Jayne Morriss
Institution(s): School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Morris, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Uncertainty / Emotion / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-149.03
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Intolerance of uncertainty heightens negative emotional states and dampens positive emotional states
Publication year: 2023
URL:
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1147970/full
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Individuals high in self-reported Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) tend to view uncertainty as unbearable and stressful. Notably, IU is transdiagnostic, and high levels of IU are observed across many different emotional disorders (e.g., anxiety, depression). Research has primarily focused on how IU evokes and modulates emotional states such as fear and anxiety. However, recent research suggests that IU may have relevance for a broader range of emotional states. Here, an online survey was conducted to examine whether IU evokes and modulates a range of negative (e.g., fear/anxiety, sadness/upset, anger/frustration, disgust) and positive (e.g., happiness/joy, excitement/enthusiasm, surprise/interest) emotional states. Findings within a community sample (n = 231) revealed that individuals with higher levels of IU report: (1) that uncertainty in general and uncertainty under ambiguity are more likely to evoke negative emotional states and less likely to evoke positive emotional states, (2) that uncertainty under risk is less likely to evoke positive emotional states, and (3) that uncertainty heightens existing negative emotional states and dampens existing positive emotional states. Importantly, these IU-related findings remained when controlling for current experiences of general distress, anxious arousal, and anhedonic depression. Taken together, these findings suggest that IU is involved in evoking and modulating a wide array of emotional phenomena, which likely has relevance for transdiagnostic models and treatment plans for emotional disorders.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Morriss, J.
Secondary author(s):
Goh, K., Hirsch, C. R., Dodd, H.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Morriss, J., Goh, K., Hirsch, C. R., & Dodd, H. (2023). Intolerance of uncertainty heightens negative emotional states and dampens positive emotional states. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14: 1147970. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1147970
2-year Impact Factor: 3.2|2023
Times cited: 24|2025-09-26
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q2
Keywords: Intolerance of uncertainty / Emotion / Negative / Positive / Risk / Ambiguity

Intolerance of uncertainty heightens negative emotional states and dampens positive emotional states

Intolerance of uncertainty heightens negative emotional states and dampens positive emotional states
DocumentFinal report - Uncertainty as an elicitor or modulator of emotion and associated psychophysiology2023

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2020 Grants
Start date: 2021-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-149
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
149 - Uncertainty as an elicitor or modulator of emotion and associated psychophysiology
Duration: 2021-10 - 2023-05
Researcher(s):
Jayne Morriss
Institution(s): School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Morris, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Uncertainty / Emotion / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-149.01
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Final report - Uncertainty as an elicitor or modulator of emotion and associated psychophysiology
Publication year: 2023
Abstract/Results:
ABSTRACT:
Background
Uncertainty over the outcome of future events is common in everyday life. Despite the relevance of uncertainty in our day to day lives, very little is understood about how uncertainty elicits and/or modulates emotional states and associated bodily responses. To address this gap in the literature, the study used two experiments.
Aims
The aims of the study were to examine: (1) whether uncertainty is inherently aversive or whether uncertainty elicits a wider array of emotional states and associated bodily responses, and (2) whether uncertainty is a modulator (i.e.intensifies/dampens) of emotional states and associated bodily responses.
Method
The first experiment (n = 231) consisted of a survey. The second experiment (n = 79) used a novel experimental task to manipulate outcomes that varied in uncertainty and valence, whilst recording self-reported emotional states (i.e. emotion label selection, valence, and arousal), task performance (i.e. accuracy) and eyetracking (i.e. fixation count).
Results
For experiment 1, uncertainty in general and individual differences in intolerance of uncertainty was associated with evoking and modulating a variety of emotions. For experiment 2, uncertainty in combination with negative and positive outcomes, relative to neutral outcomes, was not related to greater subjective experiences of emotion, eyetracking (i.e. fixation count), or task performance (e.g. accuracy). However, uncertainty, regardless of the outcome, resulted in poorer task performance.
Conclusions
The findings from experiment 1 and 2 provide evidence that uncertainty is involved in eliciting and modulating a wide array of subjective emotional experiences, and to some extent can influence task performance.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Morris, J.
Document type:
Final report
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Morris, J. (2023). Final report - Uncertainty as an elicitor or modulator of emotion and associated psychophysiology.
Indexed document: No
Keywords: Uncertainty / Emotion / Task performance / Psychophysiology

Final report - Uncertainty as an elicitor or modulator of emotion and associated psychophysiology

Final report - Uncertainty as an elicitor or modulator of emotion and associated psychophysiology
DocumentEffects of outcome uncertainty related to gain and loss, performance feedback, and individual differences during a cognitive control task2025

Reference code: PT/FB
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Location: S. Mamede do Coronado
Title:
BIAL Foundation Archive
Start date: 1994
History:
The BIAL Foundation was created in 1994 by Laboratórios BIAL in conjunction with the Council of Rectors of Portuguese Universities. BIAL’s Foundation mission is to foster the scientific study of Man from both the physical and spiritual perspectives.
Along the years the BIAL Foundation has developed an important relationship with the scientific community, first in Portugal and after worldwide. Today it is an institution of reference which aims to stimulate new researches that may help people, promote more health and contribute to new milestones to gain access to knowledge.
Among its activities the BIAL Foundation manages the BIAL Award, created in 1984, one of the most important awards in the Health field in Europe. The BIAL Award rewards both the basic and the clinical research distinguishing works of major impact in medical research.
The BIAL Foundation also assigns Scientific Research Scholarships for the study of neurophysiological and mental health in people, arousing the interest of researchers in the areas of Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
To date the BIAL Foundation has supported 461 projects, more than 1000 researchers, with research groups in twenty-seven countries, resulting, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, out of which 172 published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Since 1996 the BIAL Foundation organizes the Symposia entitled "Behind and Beyond the Brain", a Forum that gathers well renowned neurosciences speakers and the BIAL Foundation Fellows which are spread around the world.
Classified as an institution of public utility, the BIAL Foundation includes among its patrons the Portuguese President, the Portuguese Universities Rectors' Council and the Portuguese Medical Association.
URL: http://www.bial.com/pt/
Accessibility: By permission

Reference code: PT/FB/BL
Entity holding: BIAL Foundation
Title: BIAL Grants
Start date: 1994
History:
In 1994 the BIAL Foundation launched a programme of science research grants with the aim of encouraging the research into Man’s physical and mental processes, namely in fields still largely unexplored but which warrant further scientific analysis, as Psychophysiology and Parapsychology.
Since its launch, applications to the BIAL grants have been increasing. Up to now 461 projects have been supported, involving more than 1000 researchers from 27 countries.
The approved applications have benefited from grants in amounts comprised between €5,000 and €50, 000. The amount to be granted is fixed by the Scientific board according to the needs of each project.
The supported projects have originated, until April 2013, in about 600 full papers, 172 out of which were published in indexed international journals with an average impact factor of 3.6 and a substantial number of citations (1665).
Among the BIAL Foundation fellows is worth highlighting the presence of scientists from prestigious universities from the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Russia, Germany, Japan, France, Canada, and many others.
The BIAL grants are promoted biannually.

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
2020 Grants
Start date: 2021-01

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-149
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
149 - Uncertainty as an elicitor or modulator of emotion and associated psychophysiology
Duration: 2021-10 - 2023-05
Researcher(s):
Jayne Morriss
Institution(s): School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading (UK)
Contents: Contents:
Application form
Correspondence
Research Funding Agreement
Progress report
Final report
Articles
Language: eng
Author:
Morris, J.
Number of reproductions:
1
Keywords:
Uncertainty / Emotion / Psychophysiology

Reference code: PT/FB/BL-2020-149.04
Location: BF-GMS
Title:
Effects of outcome uncertainty related to gain and loss, performance feedback, and individual differences during a cognitive control task
Publication year: 2025
URL:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1469701
Abstract/Results: ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Outcome uncertainty is known to engage motivational and emotional phenomena. However, there remain questions as to how outcome uncertainty related to gain and loss and information availability via performance feedback interact to impact motivational and emotional phenomena: (1) generally, and (2) in relation to individual differences in intolerance of uncertainty, and current symptoms related to anxiety and depression.
Methods: To address these gaps in the literature, we manipulated the level of outcome uncertainty (gain, loss, none) and performance feedback (present, absent) during an online cognitive control task (n = 69), to examine how these factors impact different read-outs: subjective emotional responses (valence, arousal), task accuracy, reaction times, and fixation count. Self-reported intolerance of uncertainty and symptoms of general distress, anxious arousal, and anhedonic depression were also collected.
Results: Outcome uncertainty related to loss and gain, compared to no outcome, was associated with higher arousal and higher task accuracy. Uncertainty about task performance through the absence of performance feedback lowered arousal, dampened positive affect, and led to demotivation (i.e. lowered task accuracy and fixation count). Individual differences in intolerance of uncertainty and symptoms of anxiety and depression were specifically associated with different self-reported experiences of emotion (i.e. valence) and motivational engagement (i.e. fixation count).
Discussion: These findings suggest that outcome uncertainty and performance feedback, as well as intolerance of uncertainty, and anxious/depressive traits differently impact motivation and emotion.
Accessibility: Document exists in file
Language:
eng
Author:
Biagi, N.
Secondary author(s):
Byrne, P., Morriss, J.
Document type:
Article
Number of reproductions:
1
Reference:
Biagi, N., Byrne, P., & Morriss, J. (2025). Effects of outcome uncertainty related to gain and loss, performance feedback, and individual differences during a cognitive control task. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, Article 1469701. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1469701
2-year Impact Factor: 2.9|2024
Impact factor notes: Impact factor not available yet for 2025
Times cited: 0|2025-09-27
Indexed document: Yes
Quartile: Q1
Keywords: Outcome uncertainty / Performance feedback / Gain / Loss / Individual differences / Cognitive control / Task performance / Self-report

Effects of outcome uncertainty related to gain and loss, performance feedback, and individual differences during a cognitive control task

Effects of outcome uncertainty related to gain and loss, performance feedback, and individual differences during a cognitive control task